HND-财政预算OUTCOME-34报告--你不过我从此消失!

AfinancialanalysisreportforTricolplcOutcome3and4Class;10E6Name:MabodaSCN:125099297CandidateNum:22IntroductionTooperatebetterinfinancialaspect,themanagementofTricolplcaskedmetoanalyzetheirfinancialconditionthenmakerecommendationsforthem.FindingsPartA(ⅰ)FlexbudgetinlinewithactualactivityTricolplcFlexedBudgetforJuneOriginalbudgetFlexedbudgetActualresultsVariance2000units1600units1600unitsF/A￡￡￡￡Directmaterial80,00064,00061,6002,400FDirectlabor36,00028,80035,2006,400AVariableproductionoverhead4,0003,2003,2000FixedcostDepreciation1,5001,5001,5000Rentandrates2,5002,5002,5000Administrationoverhead2,0002,0002,200200AInsurancecosts2,2002,2002,400200ATotal128,200104,200108,6004,400A(ⅱ)VariancescalculationDirectmaterialtotalvariance(Standardunitsofactualproduction*standardprice)－(actualquantity*actualprice)(4kg*1,600*￡10)－￡61,600=￡2,400(F)Rateofsignificance:(3.75%)DirectmaterialusagevarianceStandardprice*(standardunitsofactualproduction－actualquantity)￡10*[(4kgⅹ1,600)－5,600kg]=￡8,000(F)Rateofsignificance(12.5%)DirectmaterialpricevarianceActualquantity*(standardprice－actualprice)5,600kg*[￡10－(￡61,600/5,600kg)]=￡(5,600)(A)Rateofsignificance:(8.75%)Directlabourtotalvariance(Standardhoursofactualproduction*standardrateph)-(actualhours*actualrateph)[(2hrs*1,600)*￡9]－￡35,200=￡(6,400)(A)Rateofsignificance:(22.22%)DirectlabourefficiencyvarianceStandardrateph*(standardhoursofactualproduction－actualhours)￡9*(2hrs*1,600－3,520hrs)=(2,880)(A)Rateofsignificance:(10%)DirectlabourratevarianceActualhours*(standardrateph–actualrateph)3,520hrs*(￡9*－￡35,200/3,520hrs)=￡(3,520)(A)Rateofsignificance:(12.22%)TotaloverheadvarianceTotalstandardoverheadforactualproduction－totalactualoverheads(￡18,000/12+￡2,500+￡2,200+￡2,000)-(￡1,500+￡2,500+￡2,200+￡2,400)=￡(400)(A)Rateofsignificance:(3.5%)(ⅲ)ReportaboutvariancesDirectmaterialvarianceThedirectmaterialtotalvariancecanbeanalyzedintwoaspectswhicharedirectmaterialvolumeanddirectmaterialprice.Forvolumeside,ascalculatedabove,thebudgetvolumeis6400kg;theactualvolumeis5600kg.Sothereis800kgvariancewhichisfavorableandeachunitvarianceis0.5kg.Thelikelyreasoncausingthevariancecomesfromthreeaspects.Firstofall,thecompanyupgradedtheproductionmachineryrecently,andnewmachinemayusematerialsefficiently,soitreducedthewasteofmaterials.Secondly,thecompanyswitchedsuppliersandusinghigher-gradematerialscandecreasewasteofmaterialstoo.Finally,thecompanyhasconcludedahigher-than-expectedwagesettlementforproductionoperatives,whichwillmaintainemployeeswithhigherskillsaswellasdecreaseturnoverofemployees,anditalsocanincreaseefficiencyinusingmaterials.Forpriceaspect,thebudgetpriceis￡10perkg,andtheactualpriceis￡11perkg,itisadversethatonepoundoverthebudgetprice.Thecompanyswitchingsuppliersmaycausetheincreaseofnegotiationcost.Theremaybealong-termrelationshipbetweenTricolplcanditsoldsuppliers,sothesuppliersmaytakelotsofdiscountstothefirm.Afterchangingsuppliers,thediscountmaydisappear.Furthermore,highergradematerialsincreasedunitprice.Overall,thetotalmaterialvarianceisfavorable.￡8,000－￡5,600=￡2,400.DirectlabourvarianceThedirectlabourtotalvarianceiscomposedofdirectlabourefficiencyvarianceanddirectlabourratevariance.Thebudgetdirectlabourhoursare3,200hrsandtheactuallabourhoursare3,520hrs.Therearemore320hrsneededthanthebudget,andeachunitis0.2hrs,whichitisobviouslyadverse.Thecompanyupgradingtheproductionmachinerymayneedtimeforemployeestoadoptit.Also,employeesneedtrainingtime.Therebuildprocessofmachineryconsumedtimetoo.Inaword,thechargeablehourshaveincreased.Thebudgetdirectlaourhoursrateis￡9perhour,theactualhoursrateis￡10perhour.Itisadversethatonepoundhigherthanbudgeted.Itispossiblecausedbybothinternalandexternalfactors.Higher-than-expectedwagesettlementmaybeinternalreasonforthevariance,andnewmachinerymaybeneededtorecruitnewemployeestooperatethemachinery,whichalsocanincreasetheexpense.Forexternalfactors,thechangingoflabourmarketmayincreaselabourcost;thegovernmentlegislationalsocanincreasethelabourcost,forexampleminimumpay.Bothdirectlabourefficiencyanddirectlabourratevariancesareadverse,sothedirectlabourtotalvarianceisadverse.OverheadvarianceAscalculatedabove,totaloverheadvarianceiscausedbyadministrationandinsurance.Eachfactorhas￡200variance,sothetotaloverheadvarianceis￡400anditisadverse.Duringtheprocessofchangingsupplier,thecompanyneededmoreexpenseonpublicrelationshipornegotiation,inaddition,inordertomaintainthenewmachinery,administrationcostwillbeincreasedtoo.Forinsuranceaside,theimprovementofmachinerywillneedmoreinsurancefeestocover,whichalsocontributestotheincreaseofinsurancefeeofnewemployees.PartBSelectionandapplicationoftwoinvestmentappraisaltechniquesAsthecompanyiskeentorecoupthecostoftheinvestmentwithinfiveyears,IwillchoosePaybackperiodandNetPresentValuetohelpmecompletetheappraisal.Inordertofulfilltheappraisaleasily,therearesomeassumptionslistedbelowshouldbeconsideredbeforetheappraisal.⑴Allrevenueandinflowareassumedcashflow⑵Allinvestmentcostincurredinyear0⑶Nouncertaintyisconsidered⑷Donotconsiderinflationandtaxation⑸Marketrateofretu