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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 高中教育 > 10. 定语从句III(限制性和非限制性定语从句)
定语从句Ⅲ(限制性和非限制性定语从句)概念1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句,写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行词的定语“……的”,通常译成主句的并列句。1)Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.我是我们办公室惟一被邀请的人。(如果把从句部分去掉,整个句子的含义就变了)2)Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球是一项非常有趣的运动,全世界都踢足球。(如果把从句部分去掉,句子意思仍然清楚)1.Themanhasasonwhoisadoctor.(其中一个儿子当医生)Howmanysonsdoesthemanhave?2.Themanhasason,whoisadoctor.(只有一个儿子)【跟踪演练】非限制性定语从句的引导词关系代词有which,who,whom,whose,as;关系副词有when,where。1.Thisisabeautifulbike,whichwasboughtbymyfatherasabirthdaygift.2.Thisisaprettyflower,whosenameIdon’tknow.3.LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencewastobeheld.1.HegavehismotheracolorTVsetforherbirthday,thatpleasedheralot.2.HegavehismotheracolorTVsetforherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.【跟踪演练】判断正误注意:that不引导非限制性定语从句(对)(错)which和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别:1.意义不同Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected.正如我们期望的,他作了一次很长的演讲。Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.他作了一次很长的演讲,这出乎意料。总结:as译为“正如,正像”,常在主动句中作宾语,在被动句中作主语,如asisknowntoall;which代指前面整个句子,译为“这”。2.位置不同Aswasreported,threepeoplediedintheaccident.正如报道的,三个人死于车祸。Allthepeoplediedintheaccident,whichshockedeveryone.所有的人都死于这起事故,这让每个人都很震惊。总结:as从句位置灵活,可以位于句首,也可以位于句中或句尾,而which从句不能位于句首。as常用于一些固定结构中。如:asiswellknown/asweallknow众所周知;asissaidabove正如上面所说;asmightbeimagined正像所想象的那样;asisreported如报道所说;ashasbeenpointed如所指出的那样;asisexpected正如所料。asis/wasoftenthecase这是常有的事as引导限制性定语从句时,通常和such,thesame,as(so)等连用,构成such...as/suchas,thesame...as/thesameas,as(so)...as等构,在从句中可作主语,宾语和表语。Don’ttrustsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface.(as作主语)不要相信那种当面吹捧你的人。Youshouldreadonlysuchbooksasyoucanunderstandwithoutmuchdifficulty.(as作宾语)你应当只读那些你读起来不太难懂的书。such...as与such...that,so...as与so...that的区别:that是连词,引出结果状语从句,在从句部分不作成分;as是关系代词,引出定语从句,在从句中可作主语,宾语和表语。比较:Heissuchaniceboythateveryonelikeshim.Heissuchaniceboyaseveryonelikes.Itissodifficultaproblemthatnobodycanworkitout.Itissodifficultaproblemasnobodycanworkout.先行词theway(方法,方式)1、Iwanttoknowthewayyouusedtosolvetheproblem.2、Ilikethewaytheteachergiveshislessons.3、Pleasetellmethewaywaspraisedbytheprofessor.inwhich/(that)which/thatwhich/that1.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that2.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,______weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that【高考链接】3.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which4.Theprizewillgotothewriter_______storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what
本文标题:10. 定语从句III(限制性和非限制性定语从句)
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