中国文化中英文对照

中国龙对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。中国龙是古人将鱼，蛇，马，牛等动物与云雾，雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞，开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。ChineseDragonDragontotemworshipinChinahasbeenaroundforthelast8,000years.TheancientsinChinaconsideredthedragon(orLoong)afetishthatcombinesanimalsincludingthefish,snake,horseandoxwithcloud,thunder,lightningandothernaturalcelestialphenomena.TheChinesedragonwasformedinaccordancewiththemulticulturalfusionprocessoftheChinesenation.TotheChinese,thedragonsignifiesinnovationandcohesion.饺子饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统特色食品。相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。饺子的制作是包括：1）擀皮、2）备馅、3）包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。民间有好吃不过饺子的俗语。中国人接亲待友。逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，更岁交子吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。DumplingsDumplingsareoneoftheChinesepeople'sfavoritetraditionaldishes.AccordingtoanancientChineselegend,dumplingswerefirstmadebythemedicalsaint-ZhangZhongjing.Therearethreestepsinvolvedinmakingdumplings:1)makedumplingwrappersoutofdumplingflour;2)preparethedumplingstuffing;3)makedumplingsandboilthem.Withthinandelasticdoughskin,freshenandtenderstuffing,delicioustaste,anduniqueshapes,dumplingsarewortheatinghundredsoftimes.There'sanoldsayingthatclaims,Nothingcouldbemoredeliciousthandumplings.DuringtheSpringFestivalandotherholidaysorwhentreatingrelativesandfriends,Chinesepeopleliketofollowtheauspiciouscustomofeatingdumplings.ToChinesepeoplewhoshowhighreverenceforfamilylove,havingdumplingsatthemomenttheoldyearisreplacedbythenewisanessentialpartofbiddingfarewelltotheoldandusheringintheNewYear.针灸针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。其特点是内病外治。主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位，或用艾火的温热刺激烧灼病人的穴位。以达到刺激经络，治疗病痛的目的。针灸以其独特的优势，流传至今病传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外赞誉为中国的新四大国粹。AcupunctureAcupunctureisanimportantpartoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).InaccordancewiththemainandcollateralchannelstheoryinTCM,thepurposeofacupunctureistodredgethechannelandregulateqiandblood,soastokeepthebody'syinandyangbalancedandachievereconciliationbetweentheinternalorgans.ItfeaturesintraditionalChinesemedicinethatinternaldiseasesaretobetreatedwithexternaltherapy/themaintherapyofacupunctureinvolvesusingneedlestopiercecertainacupointsofthepatient'sbody,oradoptingmoxibustiontostimulatethepatient'sacupointssoastostimulatethechannelsandrelievepain.Withitsuniqueadvantages,acupuncturehasbeenhandeddowngenerationaftergenerationandhasnowspreadallovertheworld.Nowadays,acupuncture,alongwithChinesefood,kungfu(otherwiseknownasChinesemartialarts),andtraditionalChinesemedicine,hasbeeninternationallyhailedasoneofthefournewnationaltreasures.中国汉字汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、形、意、韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初形。此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。汉字结构内圆外方，源于古人天圆地方的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。ChinesecharactersChinesecharacterswereinitiallymeanttobesimplepicturesusetohelppeoplerememberthings.Afteralongperiodofdevelopment,itfinallybecameauniquecharactersystemthatembodiesphoneticsound,image,idea,andrhymeatthesametime.Thewritingsystem,whichwasextremelyadvancedinancienttimes,beganwithinscriptionsonbonesandtortoiseshells,andtheseareregardedastheoriginalformsofChinesecharacters.Afterwards,Chinesecharacterswentthroughnumerouscalligraphicstyles:bronzeinscriptions,officialscript,regularscript,cursivescript,runningscript,etc.Chinesecharactersareusuallyroundoutsideandsquareinside,whichisrootedinancientChinesebeliefsofanorbicularskyandarectangularEarth.ThefivebasicstrokesofChinesecharactersare一(thehorizontalstroke),丨(theverticalstroke),丿(theleft-fallingstroke),捺(theright-fallingstroke),and乙(theturningstroke).中国筷子中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。筷子古时称为箸，它看似简单，但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有和为贵的意蕴。西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。ChinesechopsticksTheChinesewayofeatingwithchopsticksisuniqueintheworld.Therecordedhistoryofchopsticksstartedmorethanthreethousandyearsago.ChopstickswerenamedzhuinancientChinese.Theylookdeceptivelysimpletouse,butpossessmulti-variousfunctions,suchasclamping,turningover,liftingup,raking,stirring,scooping,poking,tearing,andsoon.ChopsticksweretakenasanauspiciousmascotbyordinarypeopleinancientChina.Forexample,thepartialtoneofchopsticksisoftenusedbypeopleasametaphoratweddingstoindicateablessingorbenedictionforthecoupletohaveababysoon.Unlikeusingaknifeandforkorone'sownhands,apairofchopsticksalsoimpliesthemeaningofHarmonyiswhatmatters.Chopsticksarehighlypraisedbywesternersasahallmarkofancientorientalcivilization.中国印章印章就是图章。中国历代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱记、合同、符、契等等不同的称谓，而帝王所用的印章古时称玺、印、宝、章等。据史料记载，印章在战国时代（前475-前221）已普遍使用。印章的制作时将篆隶等字体、图像用阴、阳的形式雕刻而成，形状以圆、方为主。印章用朱色钤章，除日常应用外，又多用于书画题识，逐渐成为中国特有的艺术形式之一。ChinesesealAsealcanalsobedefinedasastamp.BoththeChineseofficialandprivatesealofvariousdynastieshavedifferenttitles,suchasstamp,zhunot,contract,fu,leaseandothers.ThesealsusedbytheemperorsofancientChinawerecalledxi,yin,bao,etc..Accordingtohistoricalrecords,sealswerewidelyusedduringtheWarringStatesperiod(475BC---221BC).Themakingofasealistoengravefonts,suchassealcharactersandofficialscriptandsoon;orimagesintheformofintaglioandembossmentintotheseal,basicallyshapedasroundorsquare.Coveredwithavermilionoverlay,