公共品私人自愿提供决策的实验研究

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1.,1002726902;2.,100871):,,,:;;;:F062.6:A:100325230(2010)0420026207,,,,,,,10%,5%,85%,44%,,20081,,,,,(),??,,:2010204220:(6BaJG125):(1984),,,;(1949),,,,;(1965),,,,62©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1],,,,,,,,Sonnemans(voluntarycontributionmechanism,VCM)[2],,,,A(A1),,200812684VCM:1.84,14,51,4,N=410,11,2.203.3,10,131AMPCR111020.5No2112030.75No3213030.75YesA,MPCA=A/N(120),,,(2130),,,4.:20(gi)(202gi);(4)(72©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.),igi:i=(20-gi)+ANj=1giN=(20-gi)+AN(gi+G-i),N=4,G-i=Njigj,i=1,2,3,4,,,,,,,[1](IsaacWalker40%60%[3]),,()1.:,,,,15.4%;11011202130,40%,()(),,,,,2.:12()(11101120),,,,3(12130,),()1,,,,3.:(102030),,(1)3,,(),,,82©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(MPCR),0150175,,(1):t2,,,t,MPCR(5%)(2C21C1),2:MPCR(=10+11)H0:C2C1tP(10)MPCR=0.55.000002.748383MPCR=0.757.007503.1631353.87770.0019(11)MPCR=0.512.245454.139185MPCR=0.7513.450003.9826502.49190.0159(21)MPCR=0.58.795245.070963MPCR=0.7510.382144.8273974.45880.0001(2):,(MPCR),8430,,,,(MPCR),,33(:)12lastotherac()-0.9102583333time()-0.0922318333-Female()-1.44998233-0.79731013foreign()2.4451523331.44327133Higherc()2.3880953330.1979175comm()(3)8.9666673330.795414333afternoon()5.2502343330.97925938430=25208427=2268:33333310%5%1%01,23,21388,,(2),,MPRC,MPCR5.:,32,32(1),,3,,292©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,),(focalpoint),,,:,,,,,,()6.:(),,,,0.801.45(3),Dawes[4],,,,,,,,,,,(),,1.:IsaacWalker40%60%[3],(10),15%,,,,,,:,0?,,?,,,,2.:32,(7)IsaacWalker,80%[3],96174%(191349),()10100%?:,,,,,,,,,,,,;03©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,(treatment),(BBS),,,,,,1,,12,afternoon()(3)4.:()(),,,,,(),,,;(),(3),,,,,,,,:(),3,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,(),(),313©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,(),197817,,,,,,,,(),(),,,,,(),:,,,STATAxttest0,,pooledregression2,1,332,27,,20,,,,,,,,:[1]Ledyard,J.O.PublicGoods:ASurveyofExperimentalResearch[C]//Kagel,J.,Roth,A.E.HandbookofExperimentalEconomics.Princeton:PrincetonUniversityPress,1995:111194.[2]Sonnemans,J.,Schram,A.,Offerman,T.StrategicBehaviorinPublicGoodGames:WhenPartnersDriftApart[J].EconomicsLetter,1999,(62):3541.[3]Isaac,M.,Walker,J.CommunicationandFreeRidingBehavior:TheVoluntaryContributionMechanism[J].EconomicInquiry,1988,(26):585608.[4]Dawes,R.M.,Mctavish,J.,Shaklee,H.Behavior,Communication,andAssumptionsaboutOtherPeoplesBehaviorinaCommonsDilemmaSituation[J].JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,1977,(35):111.(:)23©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1.SchoolofEducation,ColumbiaUniversity,NewYork1002726902,USA;2.SchoolofEconomics,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China)Abstract:Basedontheexperimentaldata,thispapergivesapositiveanalysisonthepossibilityofpublicgoodsbeingprovidedbyprivatevoluntarycontribution.Throughthestatisticalanalysisoftheexperimentaldata,itelaboratestheseveraltraditionaltypicalfacts,suchastheexistenceofvoluntarycontributionofpublicgoods,thedeclinetrendofcontributioninrepeatedgames,thepositiveeffectofMPCR(marginalpercapitareturnofpublicinvestment)andcommunication,etc.Besides,newfindingsaredisplayed,e.g.lowerinitialcontributionthantraditionalresults,bettereffectoforalagreementsandhugeheterogeneityingroupbehaviorandsoforth.Theconclusionisthatthegoalofpublicgoodsbeingprovidedbyvoluntarycontributioncanbeachievedbysystemdesignandarrangement.Keywords:PrivateVoluntaryProvisionofPublicGoods;ExperimentalEconomics;MarginalCapitaReturnTheImpactofEconomicRiskTheoryontheAssetsEvaluationSupervisionYUBingwen33(SchoolofBusinessAdministration,ZhongnanUniversityofEconomicsandLaw,Wuhan430073,China)Abstract:Thispaperattemptstodefinetheriskofassetevaluationfromtheperspectiveofbehavioraleconomics,whichisduetothelimitedrationalityandno2effectivemarket,soleadtothatappraisersbehavioroccursdeviationofvalueunderstandingandthestakeholdershavedifferentopinionsofinconsistency.Comparedwiththeclassicalrisktheory,anewtheoryofbehaviorriskisemphasisonchargereferencepointforthedatum,andcombinationofassetvalueandriskprobability.Accordingtothis,theappraiserschoosetheirownjudgmentofactivities.Therefore,supervisionofassetsevaluationshouldbedifferentfromthepast,thatiscomprehensiveandbalanceddistributionofsupervision,nowwhichhavetofocusonevaluationofthechargingstandardandappraiser’sbehaviortendencies.Keywords:RiskTheory;AssetsEvaluation;SupervisionTruncationofPropertyRightsandInterestCommonCompensationBasedontheTheoreticalAnalysisoftheBoundaryofMarketandGo