OSHA关于高处坠落防护的要求

FallProtectionRequirementStatementbyOSHA(Complete)OSAH关于高处坠落防护的要求（完整）SectionIofappendixCsetsoutthemandatorycriteriaforpersonalfallarrestsystemsusedbyallemployeesusingpoweredplatforms,asrequiredbyparagraph(j)(1)ofthisstandard.SectionIIsetsoutnonmandatorytestprocedureswhichmaybeusedtodeterminecompliancewithapplicablerequirementscontainedinsectionIofthisappendix.SectionIIIprovidesnonmandatoryguidelineswhichareintendedtoassistemployersincomplyingwiththeseprovisions.按照本标准(j)(1)的要求，附件C第一部分制定了所有雇员在使用动力平台时采用的个人坠落防护措施的强制性标准。第二部分规定了和该附件第一部分所包含的现有要求保持一致的强制性检测标准。第三部分给出了员工在遵循这些条款要求时的非强制性指导部分。I.Personalfallarrestsystems-(a)Scopeandapplication.Thissectionestablishestheapplicationofandperformancecriteriaforpersonalfallarrestsystemswhicharerequiredforusebyallemployeesusingpoweredplatformsunderparagraph1910.66(j).“个人坠落防护系统”-（a）“范围和应用”。该部分建立了个人坠落防护系统的使用标准和性能指标。所有雇员在使用动力平台时（按照1910.66（j）时）都要求使用该系统。(b)Definitions.“定义”Anchoragemeansasecurepointofattachmentforlifelines,lanyardsordecelerationdevices,andwhichisindependentofthemeansofsupportingorsuspendingtheemployee.“锚固”指与生命线、系索或制动装臵相连接的固定点，独立于使用于人员的支撑或悬挂。Bodybeltmeansastrapwithmeansbothforsecuringitaboutthewaistandforattachingittoalanyard,lifeline,ordecelerationdevice.“安全带”指通过围绕在腰部并与系索、生命线或坠落制动装臵相连接的带条。Bodyharnessmeansadesignofstrapswhichmaybesecuredabouttheemployeeinamannertodistributethefallarrestforcesoveratleastthethighs,pelvis.waist,chestandshoulderswithmeansforattachingit,toothercomponentsofapersonalfallarrestsystem.“安全背带”指通过对编织带进行设计后的一种产品，和个人坠落防护系统的其它元件相连接将坠落所产生的冲击力分解至大腿、骨盆、腰部和胸腔以及肩等部位。Bucklemeansanydeviceforholdingthebodybeltorbodyharnessclosedaroundtheemployee'sbody.“扣住”指将安全带/安全背带固定在人员身体周围的任意一种装臵。Competentpersonmeansapersonwhoiscapableofidentifyinghazardousordangerousconditionsinthepersonalfallarrestsystemoranycomponentthereof,aswellasintheirapplicationandusewithrelatedequipment.“合格人员”指有能力辨识出个人坠落防护落系统或任意部件以及在应用和使用相关设施过程中存在的风险或危险条件。Connectormeansadevicewhichisusedtocouple(connect)partsofthesystemtogether.Itmaybeanindependentcomponentofthesystem(suchasacarabiner),oranintegralcomponentofpartofthesystem(suchasabuckleordee-ringsewnintoabodybeltorbodyharness,orasnap-hooksplicedorsewntoalanyardorself-retractinglanyard).“连接件”指被用来将系统部件连接（联接）在一起的装臵。它可以是系统的独立原件（竖钩）或系统部件的整个元件（如被缝进安全带扣或D型环，被加固或被缝入系索或自动回卷式系索）。Decelerationdevicemeansanymechanism,suchasaropegrab,ripstitchlanyard,speciallywovenlanyard,tearingordeforminglanyard,orautomaticselfretracting-lifeline/lanyard,whichservestodissipateasubstantialamountofenergyduringafallarrest,orotherwiselimitstheenergyimposedonanemployeeduringfallarrest.“制动装臵”是指包括系索锁定装臵、缝制的绳索、尤其是编织型绳索、磨损或版型的绳索，或自动回缩式生命线/系索在内的任意一种装臵，用于分解制动时产生的巨大能量，或在制动时限制施加在人体上的能量。Decelerationdistancemeanstheadditionalverticaldistanceafallingemployeetravels,excludinglifelineelongationandfreefalldistance,beforestopping,fromthepointatwhichthedecelerationdevicebeginstooperate.Itismeasuredasthedistancebetweenthelocationofanemployee'sbodybeltorbodyharnessattachmentpointatthemomentofactivation(attheonsetoffallarrestforces)ofthedecelerationdeviceduringafall,andthelocationofthatattachmentpointaftertheemployeecomestoafullstop.“制动距离”是从止坠设施开始动作并在停止前的人员坠落的垂直距离，不包含生命线的伸展长度和自由坠落距离。可通过在坠落过程中制动装臵被激活时安全带或安全背带连接点（D型环）到人体完全停止坠落后的安全带连接点高度间距测得。Equivalentmeansalternativedesignsmaterialsormethodswhichtheemployercandemonstratewillprovideanequalorgreaterdegreeofsafetyforemployeesthanthemethods,materialsordesignsspecifiedinthestandard.同等物指规范中明确的雇主可以展示并为雇员提供一种和原有方法、材料或设计具有同等安全或更安全的可供选择的设计材料或方法。Freefallmeanstheactoffallingbeforethepersonalfallarrestsystembeginstoapplyforcetoarrestthefall.“自由坠落”指在人员坠落防护系统制动前的坠落。Freefalldistancemeanstheverticaldisplacementofthefallarrestattachmentpointontheemployee'sbodybeltorbodyharnessbetweenonsetofthefallandjustbeforethesystembeginstoapplyforcetoarrestthefall.Thisdistanceexcludesdecelerationdistance,lifelineandlanyardelongationbutincludeanydecelerationdeviceslidedistanceorself-retractinglifeline/lanyardextensionbeforetheyoperateandfallarrestforcesoccur.“自由坠落距离”指在坠落防护系统制动前自人员安全带系挂点被拉直前的垂直位移距离。该距离不包括止坠制动距离、生命线和绳索的伸展长度，但包含制动装臵动作和制动发生前的制动装臵的滑动距离或回卷式生命线/绳索的拉伸距离。Lanyardmeansaflexiblelineofrope,wirerope,orstrapwhichisusedtosecurethebodybeltorbodyharnesstoadecelerationdevice,lifeline,oranchorage.“系索”指一种柔性绳索、钢丝绳或用来将安全带固定在制动装臵、生命线或锚固点的扁平带。Lifelinemeansacomponentconsistingofaflexiblelineforconnectiontoananchorageatoneendtohangvertically(verticallifeline),orforconnectiontoanchoragesatbothendstostretchhorizontally(horizontallifeline),andwhichservesasameansforconnectingothercomponentsofapersonalfallarrestsystemtotheanchorage.“生命线”指用由柔性系索构成的一端连接在固定点用于垂直悬挂（垂直式）、或两端头都连接用于水平作业的（水平式生命线）系索，它和个人坠落防护系统系统其它部件连接的一种配套使用方法。Personalfallarrestsystemmeansasystemusedtoarrestanemployeeinafallfromaworkinglevel.Itconsistsofananchorage,connectors,abodybeltorbodyharnessandmayincludealanyard,decelerationdevice,lifeline,orsuitablecombinationsofthese.“个人坠落防护系统”指用来防止人员从作业平面上坠落的一种系统，包含锚点、连接件、安全带，还包含系索、制动装臵、生命绳或这些组件的结合。Qualifiedpersonmeansonewitharecognizeddegreeorprofessionalcertificateandextensiveknowledgeandexper