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TheComparativeSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives&Adverbs形容词和副词比较级和最高级latelater-latestearlyearlier–earliestbigbigger-biggestfluently/difficultmore~,most~重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写加–er或–est单音节词在词尾比较级加-er或最高级加-est以e结尾的词,只需加-r或-st以辅音字母加y结尾双音节词变y为i加–er或–est部分双音节和多音节词在原级前加more或most少数以er,ow结尾的双音节词加-er-esttalltaller-tallestclevercleverer-cleverestcheap,cold,small,warm,young,highfine,nice,safehappy,busy,dirty,easy,lazy,prettyfat,hot,red,thin,wet,sadnarrow,yellowquickly,slowly,useful,careful,popular,modern,一、1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成规则(规则变化)发音有些形容词的比较级和最高级用—er和--est或more和most皆可,如:clever,lovely等.表示“较不……“和”最不……“时,可用less与least.difficultlessdifficultleastdifficultInterestinglessinterestingleastinteresting原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestoldolderolderstelderelder形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成2、不规则变化important_______________________________easy______________________________________wet_______________________________________happy____________________________________careful__________________________________thin___________________________________good____________________________________hot______________________________________easily____________________________________many____________________________________nice____________________________________big_____________________________________heavy__________________________________delicious________________________________much____________________________________给出下列词的比较级和最高级moreimportantmostimportanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmorecarefulmostcarefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmoreeasilymosteasilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheaviestmoredeliciousmostdeliciousmoremost6/25/2020形容词和副词比较级的用法1.Whorunsfaster,heorshe?2.Herunsfasterthanshe.3.Herunsmuchfasterthanshe.4.Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier.5.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.6.Sheislesshealthythanhe.6/25/2020二、比较级(两者之间)基本句型(1)两者相比:Whichis+比较级,AorB?如:Whichisbigger,thesunorthemoon?(2)比较级+than.如:MikeistallerthanJohn.(3)有ofthetwo”,用the+比较级.如:Lucyisthemorecarefulofthetwo.(4)比较级前可用much/alot//far/alittle/abit/even/any等修饰.如:Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.TheblouseIboughtyesterdayisalittlelessexpensive.Toplaybasketballisfarmoreenjoyabletotheboy.A+(be;实义动词)+比较级+than+B主语+谓语动词+adj./adv.比较级+than+对比成分6/25/2020三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级1.原级:即原形。①程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词的原级.如:verytalltoohotsocoldquiteinteresting②as…as,(与…一样)notas(so)…as(与…不一样)中间用原级。eg:Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.eg:Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.6/25/20202.比较级:两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词:than(比)eg:Catsaremorelovelythanotheranimals.Thisarticleislessdifficultthanthatone.3.最高级:三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。表示“最……”的意思。常用“the+最高级+比较范围”结构标志词:in+大范围,among,ofall,of+the+具体的数字eg:(1)Todayisthehottestdayoftheyear..(2)Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree(3)ShanghaiisthelargestinChina另:在一定的上下文中,形容词最高级后面的名词可省去处eg:Heistheyoungestintheclass.6/25/2020三、形容词和副词比较级的用法1.表示两者之间的选择,可用“Which/Who…+比较,…or…?”.2.表示两者之间的比较,通常用连词than引导,表示“更······一些”.3.much/far/alot,even,still,alittle/abit…修饰比较级,表示程度.Whorunsfaster,heorshe?Herunsfasterthanshe.Herunsmuchfasterthanshe.6/25/20204.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”5.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越…,越…”6.表示不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than…”(双音节和多音节词)Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Sheislesshealthythanhe.Heishealthierthanshe.Shanghaiisbecomingmoreandmoremodern.6/25/20207、表示两者中”较……“时,用the+形容词比较级+of短语来表达。eg:Heisthetallerofthetwo.8、表示“……是……的几倍”,用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构,或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。eg:Thisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisclassroomistwicebiggerthanthatone.6/25/20209、形容词比较级前可加数词,表示“大(小)…多少”“长(短)…多少”eg:Heisfiveyearsyoungerthanme.他比我小五岁。10、表示倍数时用:…times+比较级+than…eg:Myroomisthreetimesbiggerthanyours.1.表示比较双方程度不同时常用“notas/so+形容词/副词+as”结构,意为“….不如…”Heisnotas(so)tallasLilei=HeislesstallthanLilei.ShedoesnotstudysowellasIdo=ShestudieslesswellthanI.2.在同级比较中可以在第一个as前加half,twice,three/fourtimes等词来表示倍数关系Theirschoolisthreetimesaslargeasours.原级常用的句型结构=less+原级结构示表示降级的比较级.意为“……不如……”.四、比较结构中需注意的问题(1)比较级与最高级的结构可以转换,意思不变。如:SheistallerthananyothergirlinClass5.SheisthetallestgirlinClass5.(2)当某一事物与其它事物作比较时,被比较事物中不能包括本身。如:ShanghaiislargerthananycityinHubei.(3)如果比较对象相同,可用that\those代替第二个比较对象。如:TheweatherinShanghaiisbetterthanthatinWuhan.(4)如果主语是物主代词+名词,那么后面要用名词性物主代词.eg:Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.(5)than后面接代词时,一般要用主格形式,但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。如:MybrotheristallerthanI/me.(6)当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意:比较级不能用very,so,too,quite等修饰。如:HeismuchmoreseriousthanSam.(7)上下文明确的情况下,形容词比较级可单独使用不用连词than。如:Mysisteristall,butmyauntistaller.1.表示三者或三者以上比较,可用”Which/Who…+最高级,…,…or…?”表示.2.最高级+of/among(同类比较)in…(范围比较)4.oneof+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”3.序数词修饰最高级五、形容词和副词的最高级的用法Whoisthetallest,Tom,Mike,orJack?Tomisthetallestofthethree.Mikeisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.Jackisoneofthetalleststudentsinourclass.Tomruns(the)fastestinourclass.5.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.在使用形容词最高级时,一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。6.It’sourlargestmachineinourfactory.当最高级前有物主代词修饰时,其前不加定冠词the.7.最高级:形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略the
本文标题:形容词与副词的比较级最高级用法讲解
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