高考 虚拟语气讲解及练习 MISS SHI

MissShi虚拟语气分清真实和虚拟（特别是if)If引导的现在、过去、将来的虚拟语气Wish引导的虚拟语气表示建议、命令的问题1.判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间虚拟语气•表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，•一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；•一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句等名词性从句中)。•Iwishyouweremorecareful.•但愿你更细心一些。•条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.非真实条件句•IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlyjoinyouinthetennismatch.•（事实是：我没有时间）•我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。•IfIwereyou,Iwouldputhersuggestionintoaccount.•（事实是：我并不是你）•我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。非真实条件句•IfIshouldhaveachancetotryit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.•（假设的情况不大可能发生）•要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。•Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.•（说话人不希望假设的情况发生）•即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+V过分主语＋would＋have+V过分(should/could/might)与现在相反的假设If+主语+Ved（be用were)主语＋would＋V原(should/could/might)与将来相反的假设If+主语+Ved（be用were)If+主语+wereto+V原If+主语+should+V原主语would＋V原(should/could/might)Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.IfIwonthelottery,现在事实相反IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegone过去事实相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehadMark:100I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou____________________________________gotWeretogetafullmarknexttime,将来时相反wouldholdIfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.1.Wish的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V.1.IwishIwereabird2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.1.在wish的宾语从句中用于宾语从句Iwish从句结构Example与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反WouldCould+V.原形MightIwishyouwouldcomesoon.IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.2.在表示建议，要求，命令的词•command（命令）,demand（要求）,desire（希望，要求）,insist（坚持）,order（命令）,propose（提议）,recommend（推荐）,request（要求）,require（要求）,suggest（建议），后的宾语从句中：“(should)+动词原形”e.g.•Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.•Idemandedthathe(should)answermeimmediately.一个坚持insist，两个命令order,command，三个建议advise,suggest,propose四个要求demand,require,request,desire注：以上动词的名词形式用于从句中，从句中的动词也是用“(should)+动词原形”名词形式•suggestion（建议）,•motion（动议）,•proposal（提议）,•order（命令）,•recommendation（推荐），•advice(建议),•instruction(指示、指令)•idea（想法）,Eg•Heproposedthatwe(should)setadeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.•他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限。•Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendadelegationtotheircountry.•他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。•Isuggestedthathe(should)setoffforourheadquartersstraightaway.•我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。•Theinstructionwasthatnobodybeallowedtogotosleepuntilfurtherorders.•指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。•MysuggestionisthatheleaveforLondonatonce.•我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。•Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?•他的建议是我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？•Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.•Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff（延期）.PRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldaskPRACTICE2:Fillintheblankse.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou(get)upearlier,you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegonePRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksa.Ifthere(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What___(happen)ifyou_____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbewouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetup