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1.对一零件直径D尺寸进行了15次测量,要求用格拉布斯准则判断下列数据是否含有粗大误差,并写出测量结果表达式。测量次序12345678测量值(mm)120.42120.43120.40120.42120.43120.39120.30120.40测量次序9101112131415测量值(mm)120.43120.41120.43120.42120.39120.39120.402:(1):120.404(2),:()0.0327151(3)Pa=0.95G2.41G0.0788d7Pa=0.99G2.7G0.0883d7isddd解求算术平均值求残余误差计算均方根偏差的估计值取,则,显然含有粗大误差,是坏点,应剔除。若取,则,;同样可以判断,含有粗大误差,是坏点,应剔除。2x4d120.4114()'0.0161141Pa0.95G'2.37G''0.0379Pa0.99G'2.66G''0.0428'0.004314d=120.41143=120.4140.0129Pa=0.9973issssdd()重新计算若取测量结果中不含有粗大误差。若取测量结果中不含有粗大误差。测量结果表达式:()2.对光速进行测量,得到四组测量结果如下:C1=(2.98000±0.01000)×108m/sC2=(2.98500±0.01000)×108m/sC3=(2.99990±0.00200)×108m/sC4=(2.99930±0.00100)×108m/s求光速的加权平均值及其标准误差。解:12342222123422228p81111p:p:p:p():():():()1111:::0.010.010.0020.0011:1:25:1002.9812.98512.999252.9993100c101272.9991510m/s4214xp1222285(41)1(2.99915-2.98)1(2.99915-2.985)25(2.99915-2.9999)1(2.99915-2.9993)1031271.2410/iiiiipvpms3.交流电路电抗数值方程为X=ωL-1/(ωC).当ω1=5Hz时,测得电抗为0.8Ω;当ω2=2Hz时,测得电抗为0.2Ω;当ω3=1Hz时,测得电抗为−0.3Ω;试用最小二乘法求L、C的值。解:1231(1/()),1/,10.8-(5-)510.2-(2-)2-0.3-(-)15-50.81L0.2A=2-20.31-130-3A'A=-31.291.2931(A'A)329.7iXLCvxLyCxyvxyvxyv列出误差方程令则有:1304.1A'L=()0.040.1821X(A'A)A'L=()0.4545L=0.1821C=2.20024.实验获得位移与输出电压的关系如下表,试求其最佳拟合经验公式。X(mm)12131415161820222426Y(V)52.055.058.061.065.070.075.080.085.091.0解:x=[12131415161820222426]y=[52.055.058.061.065.070.075.080.085.091.0]plot(x,y,'*')线性拟合:y=p1*x^1+p2Coefficients:p1=2.7429p2=19.829Normofresiduals=1.9272二次拟合y=p1*x^2+p2*x^1+p3Coefficients:p1=-0.024539p2=3.6683p3=11.636Normofresiduals=1.4005三次多项式拟合:y=p1*x^3+p2*x^2+p3*x^1+p4Coefficients:p1=0.0046358p2=-0.28798p3=8.4935p4=-16.789Normofresiduals=1.0097综合上述拟合结果,结合数据变化趋势,以线性拟合和二项式拟合占优,但具体采用哪一公式,还需要结合对其理论分析及进一步试验来确定。
本文标题:作业1答案2009
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