丧服的思想内容及其在中国古代礼制研究中的价值...

IIIIIIIV177123045671972511819772908910——1112199212131415161718192021——222324——25——26272829——3031323334”35363738————394041424344454647————48——49505144[]5215325455565758596061624463[]646566676869707172737475767778107980458123482128334584678859101186121314871516171888192021892212903456917892129334567899412349556796891097111213981415991231004567101123410256781039101112104123105456121063456710789101112131081415161710918110,,1111112113114115116117118119120121122121231241251261271281291301311321331341351361371381818-188118711880881139140141142143144145146147148149150151family152153154155–––156ha-ah-wuk--neh15715815919562160199210161[]1956219948152162163164165199481949194919571948197619831956216619892199210167O198812217716815feudalsocietyfeudalismfeodumfeudalsocietyfeudalismfeudalsocietyfeudalism16917019837155197251481711994817219841173198417174175198418176,1771781791801811821958183184197119818518618718818919811033190191192193[][]xio,194195196197198199200——201202——203————AB`CMourningApparelinCeremonialEtiquette:ASystematicStudyDEFGAbstractHIJKMourningApparel”,animportanttextintheConfucianists'classicCeremonialEtiquette,doesnotonlyrecordtherulesofmourningdressesintheZhouDynasty,butalsoembodiestherulesofinheritanceandenfeoffmentandrelevantpoliticalandethicalviewspertainingtotheZhoupatriarchsystem.ItisthusindispensabletothestudyofZhouetiquetteandtotheunderstandingofancientChinesepolitics,societyandthought.However,despitethecloserelationoftherulesofmourningdressestotheancientsocietyofChina,thestudyofMourningApparelandtherulesofmourningdresseshasbeenlargelyneglected.TocontributetothegeneralstudyoftheancientChinesesocietywhichwasbasedonbloodandclanrelationship,thepresentthesisthereforeattempts,undertheguidanceofMarxismandfromahistoricalperspective,togainacomprehensive,detailedandsystematicinsightintothisclassicaltextandtherelevantrulesofmourningdresses.Chapter1introducesthemainideaofMourningApparel,theroleoftherulesofmourningdressesinancientChinesesocietyandtheimportanceofMourningAppareltothestudyofancientChineseetiquette.ItalsoreviewssomepreviousstudiesoftherulesofmourningdressesbasedonMourningApparelanddemonstratestheacademicsignificanceofthepresentstudy.Chapter2,drawinginsightsfromsuchfieldsasanthropology,folklore,sociologyandbibliography,demonstratesthattherulesofmourningdressesinMourningApparelweretheresultoftheZhoupeople'scodificationofprimitivecustomsofmourningdressesbyimbuingthemwiththeideasofnoblesasnoblesandrespectablesasrespectables.Afterananalysisofrelevantliterature,itpointsoutthattheadventofthetextmarkstheestablishmentoftheZhourulesofmourningdresses.Italsoexplorestheevolutionofthree-yearmourning,whichoccupiesanimportantplaceintherulesofmourningdresses.Chapter3attemptstoidentifytheauthorsandtimeofwritingofthethreepartsofMourningApparel:thetextitself,thecommentariesandtheappendices.Italsodiscussestheinterrelationofthesethreeparts,therelationofthecommentariesonMourningAppareltoTheBookofRitesandtoearliercommentariesquotedinthepresentones.Itreviewsandanalysesvariouscontroversialviewsandreachesamorereasonableconclusion.TheauthorholdsthatthetextofandtheappendicestoMourningApparelwerecompiledbyConfuciusandhisfollowersmainlyaccordingtoearliercustomsofmourningdressesandpartlyaccordingtotheirownviews.ThoughthecommentariesonLMourningApparelwerenotwrittencompletelybyZixia,whowastraditionallybelievedtobethesoleauthor,theywereatleastpartlywrittenbyhimbecausehewasthemostqualifiedamongthedisciplesofConfuciustowritethem.TheearliercommentariesquotedinthecommentariesonMourningApparelwerenotfromTheBookofRites,whichissometimesconsideredtobethesource,butfromsomecommentariesearlierthanMourningApparelandTheBookofRites,becausesuchcommentarieshadalreadybeenquotedinTheBookofRites.Chapters4and5examinethespecificationsofmourningdressesandtheprinciplesofmakingthemand,inparticular,analyzetheprinciplesofmakingcertaintypesofmourningdressesasweregeneralizedbythelaterConfucianists.TheauthorarguesthattheprinciplesdescribedinthecommentariesonandappendicestoTheBookofRitesembodytheessenceoftheZhoupatriarchywhichstickstotheruleofone'swife'seldestsonasinheritor.Amongthoseprinciples,blood-relationsasblood-relationsisthebasisofpatriarchy,respectablesasrespectablesisitsguidingprinciple,seniorsasseniorsisanextensionofrespectablesasrespectablesandmenandwomenasdifferentisbothanindicationofacivilizedsocietyandanaspectforthepatriarchsystemtostrengthen.Inthesameway,theprinciplesofmakingmourningdressesembodiedinMourningApparelaretheveryessenceoftheabove-mentionedpatriarchsystem.Chapter6,guidedbytherelevantMarxisttheoriesofmarriageandfamilyanddrawinginsightsfromsuchfieldsasanthropology,ethnologyandfolklore,analysessomerulesinMourningApparel(suchasoneshouldwearweightiermourningdressesforone'smother'ssistersthanforone'smother'sbrothersandawomanshouldwearnomourningdressesforherhusband'sbrotherandviceversa)andvariouskinshiptermsusedinMourningApparel.Theauthorarguesthattheseseeminglypeculiarrulesandkinshiptermsarerelatedtoprimitivemarriageandfamilysystemsandarea