中国致密气、页岩气储层中纳米孔首次发现及其科学价值

*1212111111ZOUCaiNeng12ZHURuKai12BAIBin1YANGZhi1WUSongTao1SULing1DONGDaZhong1andLIXingJing11.1000832.1000831.ResearchInstituteofPetroleμmExplorationandDevelopmentPetroChinaBeijing100083China2.StateKeyLaboratoryofEnhancedOilRecoveryBeijing100083China2010-11-102011-04-29.ZouCNZhuRKBaiBYangZWuSTSuLDongDZandLiXJ.2011.Firstdiscoveryofnano-porethroatinoilandgasreservoirinChinaanditsscientificvalue.ActaPetrologicaSinica2761857－1864AbstractTheoilandgasreservoirshavebeendividedinthreetypesMillimeterporemicroporeandnanopore.Thediameterofporethroatinconventionalreservoirisgenerallylargerthanonemicron.Thediameterofnano-poreinshalegasreservoirsrangesbetween5and160nanometersinNorthAmericanmainlyfrom80to100nanometers.BasedonthefieldemissionSEMandthenanoCTreconfigurationtechniqueitwasthefirstdiscoveryofnano-poreinresearchofunconventionaltightsandstoneandshalegasreservoirinChinawhosediameterislessthanonemicron.Thenano-poreintightsandstonegasreservoirsismainlyofgrainmicroporeauthigenicmineralintragranularporeandmicrofracturethroatissheetlikebendedplatyhaspoorconnectivityanditsdiameterrangesbetween10and1000nanometersmainlyfrom300to900nanometers.Thenanoporeinshalegasreservoirsismainlyoforganicmatternanoporegrainnanoporeandauthigenicmineralintragranularporeanditsdiameterrangesbetween5and300nanometersmainlyfrom80to200nanometers.Thenanoporeismainbodyofconnectivitivereservoirspaceintightreservoirs.Thediscoveryofnano-poresystemwithinoilandgasreservoirhaschangedthetraditionalunderstandingthatthemicron-poreisexclusive.Italsoprovidedthesignificantscientificvaluewithunderstandinggeologicalcharacteristicsofconventionaloilandgaslocalaccumulationunconventionallycontinuouspetroleumaccumulationdeveloppetroleumaccumulationmechanismandincreasethepotentialofresources.KeywordsNano-poreUnconventionalpetroleumShalegasTightsandstonegasNanopetroleumContinuouspetroleumaccumulation、、31μm。5～160nm80～100nm。CT1μm。、、10～1000nm300～900nm、5～300nm80～200nm。。、、。P618.131000-0569/2011/02706-1857-64ActaPetrologicaSinica*[e-mail]1、、、。、、3。。、、2009、。20101380×108m31754×108m3EIA20102011IEA2011-105×108m3。-7～45nm、8～17nm7～24nm、20～160nm、5～100nm8～100nmAmbroseetal.2010Milneretal.2010Schieber2010Sondergeldetal.2010。1997200420052006KatzandThompsonah1985Krohn19881997。2。20025＞100μm50～100μm20～50μm10～20μm＜10μm。Nelson20092μm2～0.03μm0.1～0.005μm。Nano-CT、1μm。300900nm80～200nm2010ab。1mm～1μm＜1μm。、。1a-1mm361597mb-1mm～1μm481685.50mc-451155.8md-＜1μm46-81742.5m.Q-F-Fig．1Porecharacteristicsofdifferentscaleinreservoirsa-macropore＞1mmmacroscopicporeNing361597mb-micrometer-pore1mm～1μmmicrometer-crackGao451685.50mc-poreoffeldsparcorrosionDi451155.8md-nanometer-pore＜1μmnanometer-poreonthesurfaceofquartzGao46-81742.5m.Q-quartzgrainsF-feldspar、、、、。2、、1。。、。、、。、、、。1990200220011μm。38581ActaPetrologicaSinica20112762a-50～400nm461742.5mb-20～100nm461742.5mc-、133541.93md-12124.88me-20nm3001297.08mf-200nm1901998.45mFig．2FESEMimagesillustratingtheporeintightsandstonereservoirsinOrdosandSichuanBasina-microporeonthesurfaceoffeldspar50～400nmWellGao461742.5mb-microporeonthesurfaceofquartz20～100nmWellGao461742.5mc-microporeonthesurfaceofclaymineralWellLong133541.93md-micro-fracturebetweenclay-mineralsWellHeChuan12124.88me-micro-fracturebetweenalbiteCrystalsabout20nmWellHua3001297.08mf-micro-Fractureoffeldsparfracturewidthis200nmWellYuan1901998.45m0.04nm、-。。3.120nmZeissSupra40VP.Bothsystems。、、2。1、、。25～200nm2a200～500nm2b100～500nm2c。2250nm2d20nm2e。3、200nm2f。3.22011×104m3·d－1。201-、3。。110～900nm150nm3ab。2、。60～150nm3c100～500nm。3。300nm3d。95813a-20150～300nmb-ac-201d-201Fig．3FESEMimagesshowingtheporeinmudstonereservoirsinSichuanBasina-microporesinrichorganicmatterfromLongmaxiblackshaleS1lofSichuanBasinWellWei201microporesisabout50～300nmb-thisviewzoomsinononelargeporefrommapatoclearlyshowitsorganicmattermicroporesaroudchalcopyritec-microporeonthesurfaceoffeldsparfromshaleofSichuanBasinWellWei201d-micro-fractureoforganicmatterfromshaleofSichuanBasinWellWei2014a-280nm30μmb-c-bFig．43DporereconstructionimagesintightsandstoneoftheUpperTriassicXujiaheFormationSichuanBasina-singlevirtualsliceisshownhereasanexampleofthemicro-fractruefracturewidthis280nmfracturelengthisabout30umb-themapdisplaysthecomplexporegeometryin3Dtheporeshavebeensegmentedasbrightgreenandshownasasurfacerenderinginsideofthesamplevolumeshadedwithyellowc-thisviewzoomsinononelargeporetoprightinthemapofbtoclearlyshowitsfinestructure4Nano-CTXX-RayComputedTomographyXR-CT。Micro-CT、Nano-CT、2009Tianetal.20082009Attwood2006Nano-CT。XNano-CTX20～60μm50nm。Nano-CT。4.1Nano-CTNano-CT、34。、85%。0681ActaPetrologicaSinica20112765201a-/b-c-bFig．53DporereconstructionimagesinmudstoneoftheWellWei201SichuanBasina-croppingthevolumetoshowonlyinternalfeaturesrevealstheinternalporosityblack/blueaswellasavarietyofdifferentmaterialswithhigherdensitiesyellowdistributedthroughoutthematrixgreenb-poresshowredcolourTheorganicmatternanoporearelargelydisconnectedc-bzoominginononeorganicmatternanoporenetworkrevealsitscomplexmorphologyaswellasmanysmallerdisconnectedporesaro