技术移转产业之永续经营模式-以先进材料技术为例(pdf 74)

經濟部-領93-料例7-iiSierraSystems領93-料例-7-iiiABSTRACTInthelightofknowledge-basedeconomy,theproductlifecycletimeisgreatlyshortened.Thetechnologyneededistremendousinshortperiodoftime.Traditionally,technologytransferactivityisonlyneededeverytentofifteenyears.Eachgenerationofadvancedtechnologycanbeasshortaslessthan2years.Tocontainwiththerapidprogressoftechnology,frequencyoftechnologytransferactivitiesmustincrease.Andthetechnologytransferisinmuchgreaterneed.ThisarticleusesTaiwan’sadvancedmaterialstechnologyindustryasanexampletoreviewthecurrentproblemsfacedbythisindustry.TheobservationsofSierraSystemsandotheracademicinstitutesinUSshedmuchlightontheimprovementsofTaiwan’scurrenttechnologytransfermodels.Itisproposedthatthekeytosuccessoftechnologytransferindustryistoformavaluechain.Technologyprovidersneedtobecustomer-orientedbyassistingtheircustomersinacquiringtheneededtechnologytoprogress.Oncethesynergisticcyclesofsupply-and-needtakeoff,thetechnologyprovidersandtheircustomersgrowtogether.Thesetechnologytransferactivitiesarethusbuilttolast.Andsuchcooperativeactivitiesarebeneficialtotheprogressofthewholeindustry.Theaddedvaluebytransferringtechnologycontinuouslygeneratesrevenuesandrightfullyformstheknowledge-basedeconomy.KEYWORDS:Knowledge-basedeconomy,technologytransfer,builttolast,productlifecycle,advancedmaterialstechnology,custom-madetechnology領93-料例7-iv……………………………………………………………7-1…………………………………7-1………………………………7-3()………………7-3()…………………7-6()………………………………7-7–…………………7-8…………………………………………………7-9……………………………………………………7-10……………………………………7-10……………………………7-15…………………………………………7-17………………………………………………………7-24……………………………………………7-25…………………………………7-27…………………………………………7-27………………………7-28()……………………………7-29領93-料例-7-v()……………7-30…………………………7-31()…………………………7-31()……………………………7-34………………………………7-36SierraSystems…………………7-36()SierraSystems…………………7-36()SierraSystems…………7-36()SierraSystems………………7-38()SierraSystems……………………7-39……………………7-41()………………………7-41()…………………7-45()SRI…………………………………7-48……………………………………………7-51……………………………………7-51()……………………………7-51()SierraSystems………………7-53………………………………7-54領93-料例7-vi()…………………………7-54()…………………………………………7-56()………………………………7-58…………………………………………………7-61–()…………………7-61–()…………………7-62領93-料例-7-11012(SiliconAge)34Allenby(NationalResearchCounsil)CastleKelly51–EvolutionandFutureofaTechnology,Springer,2004.3B.R.Allenby,IndustrialEcology:PolicyFrameworkandImplementation.UpperSaddleRiver,NJ:PrenticeHall,1999.4NationalResearchCouncil,MaterialsScienceandEngineering–Forgingstrongerlinkstousers,NationalAcademyPress,PublicationNMAB-492,1999.5L.E.CastleandM.J.Kellyeds.,AdvancedMaterialsintheMarketplace,TheInstituteofMaterials,1995.領93-料例7-2NaturalsystemsTechnologicalsystemsCulturalsystemsIndustrialecologySustainabilityPolicystructureEngineeringMaterialsciencesBusinessLaw/EconomicsCulturalanthropologySocialsciencesBiologicalsciencesEarthsciencesChemistryPhysicsFeedbacksystemFeedbacksystemNewTechnologyNewMaterialsNewScience661991領93-料例-7-3()195571955U.S.Steel2004209200486(ALCOA)195525(NationalCommissionofMaterialsPolicy8)19707Fortune,2004,4,“50yearsofFortune500–specialissue”.8D.W.Bollard,N.E.Promisel,H.R.Clauser,“ConservationinMaterialsUtilization”,byFederationofMaterialsSocieties–AdHocTaskGrouponNationalMaterialsPolicyStudy,1972.領93-料例7-419552004Fortune500720041955(2004)Wal-Mart1GeneralMotorsGeneralMotors2StandardOil,NJExxonMobile3AT&TFordMotor4GreatAtalntic&PacificTeaGE5USSteelChevronTexaco6SearsRoebuckConocoPhillips7GECitigroup8SwiftIBM9MetropolitanLifeInsuranceAmericanInternationalGroup10ChryslerHP11ArmourVerizonCommunications12PrudentialInsuranceHomeDepot13SafewayStoresBerkshireHathaway14GulfOilAltriaGroup15Socony-VacuumOilMcKesson16DuPont(E.I.)deNemoursCardinalHealth17BethlehemSteelStateFarmInsurance18StandardOil(Ind.)Kroger19WestinghouseElectricFannieMae20TeaxCo.Boeing21WesternElectricAmerisourceBergen22ShellOilTarget23NationalDairyPorductsBankofAmerican24EquitableLifeAssurancePfizer25StandardOilofCaliforniaJ.P.MorganChase26KrogerTimeWarner27J.C.PennyProcter&Gamble28GoodyearTire&RubberCostco29BoeingJohnson&Johnson30SinclairOilDell31InternationalHarvesterSearsRoebuck32RCASBCCommunications33UnionCarbide&CarbonValeroEnergy34FirestoneTire&RubberMarathonOil35DouglasAircraftMetLife36Procter&GambleSafeway37MontgomeryWardAlbertson's38PennsylvaniaRailroadMorganStanley39RepublicSteelAT&T40CitiesServiceMedcoHealthSolutions41PhilipsPetroleumUPS42NewYorkCentralRailroadJ.C.Penny43ReGeneralFoodsDowChemical44USRubberWalgreen45BordenMicrosoft46LockheeedAircraftAllstate47NewYorkLifeInsuranceLockheedMartin48F.W.WoolworthWellsFargo49Anderson,ClaytonLowe's50JohnHancockMutualLifeIns.領93-料例-7-5ProducerCircleConsumerCircleHumanResources(Education,Manpower,ProfessionalDevelopment,etc.)TechnologicalResources(Capability,Equipment,Facilities)Know-howResources(RecordedInformation:Storage,retrieval)(Expertise)Critical&StrategicMaterialsNATURALRESOURCESELEMENTALMATERIALUSABLEMATERIALFORMSYSTEMSTECHNOLOGYSYS