高中英语名词性从句讲解 (1)

•1.Hiswordsareture.•Whathesaidisture.•2.Thedogsensedsomethingdeliciousnearby.•Thedogsensedthattherewassomethingdeliciousnearby.•3.Thesearehiswords.•Thesearewhathesaid.•4.MyChineseteacher,Mr.Wang,isakindperson.•Thenewsthattheplanehadcrashedmadeussad.（主语）主语从句宾语宾语从句表语表语从句同位语同位语从句名词性从句一、定义：名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、定语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。二、连接词：连词：that,whether,if,asif连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词：when,where,why,how;在从句中不充当成分有词义，在从句中担任主语，表语，定语或宾语。有词义，在从句中担任状语。三、用法：（1）主语从句——在复合句中用作主语的从句。ThatIwillwiniscertain.Whetherwegotogetherorseparatelydoesn’tmattermuch.Whatyouneedismoreexperience.Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.WhyhefailedtheEnglishexamwasn’tclear.Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.whatever,whoever…也可以引导If不能引导主语从句。1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1).Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)Whoevercomesiswelcome.6)It’scertainthathewillsucceed.7)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.8)Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.主语从句的引导词有连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why等注意：当that引导主语从句时，习惯上多以it为形式主语，而把主语从句后移。e.g:It’sashamethatyoucan’tcometotheparty.It’sstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.可用it作形式主语的从句结构常有：1.It’sapity/shame/factthat...;It’snowonderthat..;(怪不得…)2.It’snatural/possible/strange….;3.It’snotknown/decidedthat….;It’ssaid/reportedthat….;4.Itseems/happenedthat….;那支队会赢得比赛还不知道。他们何时开会还不知道。他是否会到这里来是很重要的。真遗憾，你犯下这样愚蠢的错误。Whichteamwillwinthematchisstillunknown.Whentheywillholdthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Whetherhewillcomehereisveryimportant.It’sapitythatyouhavemadesuchafoolishmistake.2.宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）连词：that,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow1).Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.2).Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3)HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.4).Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5).Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a..当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.eg:Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.4同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.3).SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.____________________________________________________ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.______________________________________________________ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.II.Choosethebestanswer1.Theyexpressedthehope___theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact___hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea____hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that4.Thenews___surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovestobefalse.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat6.Wordhascome___someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.whetherc.thatD.which7.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how8.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that9.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because10.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that13.Ihavetheinformation____.A.ofwhathe’llcomesoonB.thathe’llcomesoonC.ofthathe’llcomesoonD.hiscomingsoon14.---Isawyour