人工智能技术及其在医学诊断中的应用及发展_陈真诚

JBiomedEng2002;19(3)505509陈真诚1、3　蒋　勇2　胥明玉3　王红艳3　综述　蒋大宗1　审校1(西安交通大学生物医学工程研究所,西安　710049)2(中国人民解放军第四军医大学唐都医院,西安　710038)3(中国人民解放军第五三三医院,昆明　650224),,,,,TheApplicationandDevelopmentofArtificialIntelligenceinMedicalDiagnosisSystemsChenZhencheng1,3JiangYong2XuMingyu3WangHongyan3JiangDazong11(InstituteofBiomedicalEngineering,Xi'anJiaotongUniversity,Xi'an710071)2(TangduHospital,TheFourthMilitaryMedicalUniversityofPLA,Xi'an710038)3(The533thHospitalofPLA,Kunming650224)AbstractThispaperhasreviewedthedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceinmedicalpracticeandmedicaldi-agnosticexpertsystems,andhassummarizedtheapplicationofartificialneuralnetwork.Itexplainsthatasourceofdifficultyinmedicaldiagnoticsystemistheco-existenceofmultiplediseasesthepotentiallyinter-relateddis-eases.However,thedifficultyofimageexpertsystemsisinherentinhigh-levelvision.Anditincreasesthecom-plexityofexpertsysteminmedicalimage.Atlast,theprospectforthedevelopmentofartificialintelligenceinmedicalimageexpertsystemsismade.KeywordsArtificialintelligenceMedicalDiagnosisExpertsystem1(Artificialintelligence,AI),McCarthy1956,AI,(),2050,:,,,,:,:,Dempster-Schafers,,2080Pearl,,,,,,(),,22050,,():(1);(2);(3);(4),ifthen,,MYCIN,,,,(),,,:[1],,206070,,3(1),,()(),,FileDugarg[2],,,KADSKADS,,[3],[4],PRO,,[5](2),,,,,ABEL5,,,,(3),,,MYCIN,,,DempsterShafer50619,,,,,,,,,,()[1][6],,,,,,,,2080CooperPeal,,,,,,,,2080:Pathfinder[7],Diaval[8],:-1/QMRHEPAR[9],,,Munin,[13],[23]32070,,:;;,VLSI,Hopfield,AI10(ANN),:,LSI,,;,SaitoPDP,300,;StevenDP,;ANNRBFANN,:ANNAI?,ANNAI,AI,ANN,,;AIANN,,AIANN,4,:,5073,,(RIIS)[11]Diaval[8](SDD),,,,[12],,,(:Hough),,,,,(PACS)[13],,,((CT)(MR)(PET)X,[10],,,[15]:,30%,,,,,Dicom,,,,,,,X,[23],,XCTCT97.3%[16],,,CT70%[17],,[18],,CT,,,(),,,,[19],(,),(),,Kittler[20],5,:(1),50819,,,()X(CT),[21],,,(2),,,,,Yuji[14]CT,,,,,,1DraperBA,CollinsRT,BrolioJ,etal.Issuesinthedevelop-mentofablackbord-basedschemasystemforimageunder-standing.In:EngelmoreR,MorganT,Eds.BlackbordSys-tems.Reading,MA:Addision-Weseley,19982FilePE,DugardPI.Misunderstandingbetweenknowledgeen-gineersanddomainexperts:are-evaluationofinductionformedicalexpertsystems.IntJMedinformat,1997;461133KingstonJ,TateA,Shadbolt.CommonKADSmodelforknowledgebasedplanning.In:ProcAAAI96,Portland,O,1996;4774KingstonJ,DohenyFI.Evaluationofworkbencheswhichsup-portthecommonKARDSmethodology.KnowledgeEngRev1995;102695VollebregtA,TenTA,VanHF,etal.AstudyofPROfor-ma,adevelopmentmethodologyforclinicalprocedures.ArtifIntellMed,1999;171956CohenPR.Heuristicreasoningaboutuncertainty:anartificialintelligenceapproach.Boston:Pitman,19857HeckermanDE,NathwaniBN.Towardnormativeexpertsys-tems:PartII,probability-basedrepresentationsforefficientknowledgeacquisitionandinference.MethodsInformMed,311068DiezFJ,MiraJ,IturraldeE,etla.DIAVAL,aBayesianex-pertsystemforechocardiography.ArtifIntellMed,1997;10599KorverM,LucasPJ.Cinvertingarule-basedexpertsystemin-toabeliefnetwork.MEDinformLond,1993;1821910WolframDA.AmappraisalifInternist-1.ArtifIntellMed,1995;79311PirainoD,RichmondB,SchluchterM,etal.Radiologyimageinterpretationsystem:modifiedobserverperformancestudyofanimageinterpretationexpertsystem.JDigitalImage,1991;49412RaoAR,JainR:Knowledgerepresentationandcontrolincomputervisionsystems.IEEEExpert,1988;36413KofakisP,OrphanoudakisS.Imageindexingbycontext.In:OsteauxM,bakkerAR,BellD,eds.AsecondgenerationPACSconcept.Berlin:Springler-Verlag,pp.511-513,199214YujiUkai,NoboruNiki,HitoshiSatoh,etal.Acoronarycal-cificationdiagnosissystembasedonhelicalCTimages.IEEETransactionsonNuclearScience,1998;45(6)308315DoiK,GigerML,NishikawaRM,etal.Digitalradiography:ausefulclinicaltoolforcomputer-aideddiagnosisbyquantita-tiveanalysisofradiographicimages.ActaRadiologica,1993;3442616UppaluriR,MitsaT,SimkaM,etal.Quantificationofpul-monaryemphysemafromlungcomputedtomographyimages.AmJRespirCritCare1997;15624817DelormeS,Keller-ReichenbecherMA,ZunaI.Quantitativeassessmentofhigh-resolutioncomputedtomographyfindingsbycomputer-assistedtexture-basedimageanalysis.Investiga-tiveRadiol,1997;3256618HeitmannKR,KaucxzorHU,MildenbergerP,etal.Automat-icdetectionofgroundglassopacitiesonlungHRCTusingmul-tipleneuralnetworks.EurRadiol,1997;7146419KatsuragawaS,DoiK,MacMahonH,etal.Classificationofnormalandabnormallungswithinterstitaldiseasesbyrule-basedmethodandartificialneuralnetworks.JDigitalImage,1997;1010820KittlerJ,HatefM,DuinRPW,etal.Oncombiningclassifiers.IEEETransPatternAnalMachineIntell,1998;2022621KrupinskiEA,NodineCF,KundelHL.Aperceptuallybasedmethodforenhancingpulmonarynodulesrecognition.Inves-tigativeRadiol,1993;2828922TuS,ShanarY,DawesJ,etal.Aproblem-solvingmodelforepisodicskeletal-planrefinement.KnowledgeAcquisition1992,419723FrancoisC,DavidMH,GuangZY.Computerizeddecisionsupportinmedicalimage.IEEEEngineeringinMedicineandBiology,2000;58924YujiU,NoboruN,HitoshiS,etal.AcoronarycalcificationdiagnosissystembasedonhelicalCTimages.IEEETransac-tionsonnuclearscience,1998;45(6)3083(:2001-04-11)5093