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1.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ,67)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing________everyday.答案:itit在这里指代句子的主语therailway。2.(2017·浙江高考,59)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt________(I),”saysPahlsson.答案:myself由空格处所在句子的主语I可知应用反身代词作宾语。3.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ,68)Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythreemontholdtwinthathadbeenrejectedby________(it)mother.答案:its根据空格后的名词及前文中的alivelythreemontholdtwin可知要用物主代词作定语。4.(2016·浙江高考,3)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom________intheUK.答案:that句意:在许多方面,美国的教育制度与英国的不是非常的不同。that特指前文中出现的同类异物事物(theeducationsystem)。5.(2015·浙江高考,12)Howwouldyoulike________ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?答案:it句意:如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目,这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了,你会怎么想?固定表达howwouldyoulikeitif...,在此结构中it作形式宾语代替后面if从句的内容。6.(2015·重庆高考,2)ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but________knowsthedateforsure.答案:nobody句意:会议将在九月召开,但是没人知道具体日期。句中的关键词为but,表转折,故nobody“没有人”符合句意。7.(2015·陕西高考,13)Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainstthe________.答案:other句意:为了让自己暖和起来,这个水手坐在火堆旁,光着脚,用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示“两者中另一个”,用theother...。8.(2015·四川高考,10)Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,but________isusefultomyknowledge.答案:none句意:Niki总是有很多想法,但是没有一个想法对我的知识有用。表示三者或三者以上的否定用none,可指人也可指物。9.(2015·福建高考,21)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but________containedanyusefulsuggestions.答案:neither句意:这个研究组基于调查制作了两个报告,但是两个都未含有有用的建议。根据句意,表示“两者都不”,用neither。10.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ,短文改错)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays._______________________________________________________答案:your→my根据前半句Thispictureoftenbringsbacktome可知应将your改为my。一、代词的分类代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词等。二、重要代词的用法1.人称代词的指代问题(1)不定代词anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone,someone,everyone,noone及whoever和person在正式场合使用时,可用he,him代替。如Nobodyknowsit,doeshe?(2)人称代词并列的排列顺序。单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称+第三人称+第一人称。You,heandIarefondofmusic.复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称+第二人称+第三人称。We,youandtheyareallgoodcitizens.2.物主代词表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词,可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在名词前作定语;名词性物主代词作句子的主语、宾语和表语。MrWangismyEnglishteacher.(定语)—Whosemobilephoneisthis?—It'smine.(表语)I'vefinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?(宾语)3.反身代词反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语等。(1)有些动词如dress,bathe,amuse,blame,dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave等常用反身代词作宾语,表示动作回到执行者本身。Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.Pleasehelpyourselftosomefruit.Icouldnotdress(myself)upatthattime.Pleaseallowmetointroducemyselffirst.(2)如果不是表示强调,but,except,for等介词后的宾语用反身代词或人称代词宾格均可。Noonebutmyself/meishurt.4.指示代词常用的有this,that,these,those,such,so,thesame等。具有形容词和代词两种词性,在句中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。(1)指示代词this和that的区别this常指后面要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。Iwanttotellyouthis:theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.That'swhyhedidn'tcome.注意:在口语中,this和that可用作副词来修饰形容词,以表示程度。Ididn'trealizeitwasgoingtobethisfar.(=asfarasthis)Ifyourfriendisthatclever,whyisn'therich?(2)such用法such一般在句中作定语和主语;在作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词a(n)应放在such之后;而such在与不定代词no,some,any,several,many,little,few,all等连用时,放在它们的后面。Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausetheearthquakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.Believeitornot,thereisnosuchthingasstandardEnglish.(3)so的用法动词think,say,hear,do,hope,believe,expect,fear,beafraid等后,常用so替代上文提到的内容或情况。—ThenewEnglishteacherisverystrict.—Yes,Ithinkso.—Willitbefinetomorrow?—Ihopeso.注意:so还可以用于以下句型中作替代词:①so+助动词/情态动词/连系动词+主语②so+主语+助动词/情态动词/连系动词③主语+助动词/情态动词/连系动词+so—Sheboughtacomputer.—SodidI.—HewillgotoHangzhouforaholidaytomorrow.—Sohewill.Theteacheraskedustoreadthetextandwedidso.(4)thesame...as“与……一样的”(不是同一个);thesame...that(指同一个)ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.(相似的,但不是同一块手表)ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.(是丢失的那块手表)5.常用不定代词用法辨析(1)some,any,one和it(2)another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法(3)all,both,either,each,neither和every的用法(4)none,noone,nothing与no的用法①none既可指人,也可指物,且一定是特指概念,常用来回答howmany/much引导的疑问句;noone只能指人,且只能是泛指概念,常用来回答who引导的疑问句;nothing“什么也没有”,否定一切,常用来回答what引导的疑问句。—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroomnow?—None.—Whoisintheclassroom?—Noone./Nobody.②none后面可加of引导的介词短语,而something/anything/everything/nothing;someone/anyone/everyone/noone却不能。③no=notany,在句子中作定语,修饰可数或不可数名词。none在句中作主语或宾语。Thereisnowateronthemoon.(定语)Noneofthemknowsthestory.(主语)Iknownoneofthem.(宾语)(5)few,afew,little与alittle的用法6.it的用法(1)it作形式主语或宾语:it作形式主语或宾语时,真正的主语或宾语可以是动词不定式、动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句,把真正的主语或宾语移到句后。Itisagoodhabittodomorningexercises.Itisapitythatyoudidn'tseesuchagoodfilm.(2)it用于强调句型:It+is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他。ItisProfessorWangthat/whoteachesusEnglisheveryMondayafternoon.(3)it引起的几个易混时间句型。①It+be+时间段+sinceclause,“自从……以来已多久了”。在“Itis/hasbeen...since...”句型中,注意:since从句的谓语动词是终止性动词,则主句动作或状态自该终止性动词动作开始时算起;若since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词,则主句动作或所表示的状态自该延续性动词动作结束时开始。ItisthreeyearssincesheleftBeijing.ItisthreeyearssinceshelivedinBeijing.②It+be+时间段+beforeclause,主句中的谓语动词用肯定式,意为“过多长时间才……”;主句中的谓语动词是否定式时,意为“没过多久就……”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时willbe;用was时,before从句的动词用一般过去时;用willbe时,before从句常用一般现在时。Itwasnotlongbeforeshelearnedthosepoemsbyheart.Itwaslongbeforethepolicearrived.Itwillbehoursbeforehemakesadecision.③It+be+时间+wh
本文标题:高考英语语法专题——专题2代词
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