(完整版)初中状语从句讲解

状语从句讲练用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。例：Whenyoucrosstheroad,youmustbecareful.当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词）IwaslatebecauseImissedthebus.我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。（because是从属连词）.Ifsheasksme,I’lltellher.她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词）Youlookasifyouneedarest.你像是需要休息似的。（asif是从属连词）.状语从句状语从句的种类1、时间状语从句when,while,assoonas,since,until,before,after2、条件状语从句if3、结果状语从句so…that4、比较状语从句than5、原因状语从句because6、让步状语从句although,though7、地点状语从句where1.时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after,before,when,while,whenever,assoonas,as,since,until等。例：Theballgoesupveryhighafterithitstheground.这球着地后蹦得很高。Waituntilyou’recalled.你等着叫你吧！Whenhecame,Iwascooking.他来时，我在做饭。I’llcallyouassoonasIcomeback.我一回来就给你打电话。Beforetheycameback,wehadfinishedthework.他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceheleft.从他离开后我们没见过面。※when:持续性／非持续性动词都可以当…时Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?while/when辨析when/while+doingWhen/whilereading,hefellasleep.when+终止性、延续性动词while+延续性动词Whentheteachercamein,Iwassleeping.=While/WhenIwassleeping,theteachercamein.when(就在这时)Iwassleeping,whensomeoneknockedatthedoor.※while的其他含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=___________)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_______________)whenalthoughaslongasbut※as:当…时；一边…一边；随着……＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生＊两个动作同时发生Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.★as的常见用法：1.Shesangassheworked.一边……一边……2.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.像…..一样3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.由于※before①在……前ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.④肯定句“才”否定句“就”②itwillbe+一段时间before......多久之后才...③itwon’tbe+一段时间before......不久就....※till,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.1.______hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2.________hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang____sheworked.4.Therewasanapplause_______________________sheappearedonthestage.WhenWhile/Whenasassoonas5.Itwon’tbelong______hefinisheshiswriting.6.______hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears______hecamehere.8._______shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.beforeAftersinceEverytime/eachtimeUntil2.地点状语从句地点状语从句由where,wherever等引导。例如：•Youcantakeawalkwhereveryouliketo.•---Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?---Headvisedmetolivewheretheairisfresher?3.原因状语从句原因状语从句通常由because,as,since,nowthat,considering(that),seeing(that)等词引导。because语气较强，用以回答why问句as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。1._________hewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.2._______youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.3.Hemustbeill,_____heisabsenttoday.BecauseSincefor6.Ieatpotatoes_________Ilikethem.我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7.____Ididn’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8._______youwon’thelpme,I’llasksomeoneelse.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince4.结果状语从句结果状语从句常用sothat,suchthat等关联词引导。e.g.Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotowork.他如此小以致于他不能上班。Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustn’tmissit.机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。1.Itis_____goodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.2.Itis______agoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.sosuch5.目的状语从句目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）,shall（should）,will（would）,can(could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。1.Theysetoutearly________________theymightarrivethereintime.2.Takeyourraincoat________itshouldrain.3.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree__________________hisfathershouldseehim.sothat(inorderthat)incaseincase/forfearthat4.I’dliketoarrive20minutesearly_______Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat5.You'dbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor______youhavetowait.A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat6.条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless,as(so)longas.等。Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。You’llcatchacoldunlessyouputonyourcoat.你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。Hewilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting.只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。1.___youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”.2.______theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.3.__________wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.4.__________Iknowyoushouldn’thaveanyproblemthere.IfOnceAslongasAsfaras5.Don’ttouchanything_______yourteachertellsyouto.unless7.让步状语从句让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though,although,eventhough等。Thoughhewasill,hewasstillworking.他虽然有病，但仍然继续工作。Althoughitisdifficult,weshalldoit.此事虽难，但我们还是要做。Eventhoughyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这样说，我也不信。注：①though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。②though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例：Thoughheworkedhard,hecouldn’tpasstheexam.虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。1.___________________heisold,heworkshard.2.___________________yousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.3.Smart___heis,hedoesn’tstudy