论反垄断法对阻碍正当竞争行为之规制-硕论

外交学院2004级同等学力人员申请硕士学位论文论反垄断法对阻碍正当竞争行为之规制——兼评我国反垄断立法专业：国际法方向：国际经济法导师：XXX副教授作者：XXX2007年5月1摘要反垄断法已经成为世界各国法律体系中必不可少的组成部分，为经济活动的正常运行提供了法律保障。因此，随着我国经济的日益发展，制订反垄断法势在必行。本文首先对垄断进行界定，进而详尽地分析垄断行为的实质，综合比较各国反垄断立法对垄断行为进行约束时所遵循的原则及适用标准，并结合我国现实状况，最终得出：反垄断法应该关注获得特定市场优势地位的企业，但其所规制的对象不应该仅针对规模大的企业本身，而重点是破坏正当竞争的垄断行为。只要该行为的目的是限制竞争，无论行为主体是单个的还是联合的，无论垄断危害是否已经出现，都应该在法律规制的范围之内。同时还得出：在对垄断行为进行判断的过程中，市场支配地位是其核心因素。对特定主体是否具有市场支配地位准确认定，是反垄断法判断一项行为是否属于其规制范畴的重要前提。在此前提下，反垄断立法应结合本身违法规则和合理性规则，对特定行为做出判断，根据其对市场竞争的危害，兼顾对社会公共利益的影响，最终做出对一项行为禁止、限制或允许的裁决。关键词：垄断反垄断市场支配地位本身违法规则合理性规则2AbstractAnti-monopolylawhasbeenafundamentalpartinthelegalsysteminmostcountries,whichsafeguardthedueeconomicactivities.Therefore,followingChina’seconomicdevelopment,itisimperativetodrawourownanti-monopolylaw.Inthisarticle,basedontherealityinChina,theauthordefinestherangofmonopoly,thenanalyzestheessenceofthemonopolisticaction,andcomparesprinciplesandstandardswhichareappliedinothercountries’anti-monopolylaws,finallydrawstheconclusionthat:Anti-monopolyshouldpayattentiontoenterpriseswhichpossessparticularadvantagesinmarkets.However,itstargetisnottorestrictthesizeofanenterpriseitself,butanactiondestroyingortodestroytheduecompetitioninmarkets.Aslongasthepurposeofanactionistohindercompetition,itshouldberestrictedbylaws,nomatteritismadebyasingleenterpriseorunitedones,evennomatterdamagesofthismonopolyhavebeenmadeornot.Andwhat’smore,thedominatingpowershouldbeoneofhighlightsinanti-monopolylaws.Thisistheimportantpremiseforthejudgmentofmonopolisticaction.Accordingtothis,anti-monopolylawsshouldcombinetheperserulesandtheruleofreason,inordertomakethecorrectjudgmentandproperdecision.Otherwise,inthiscourse,lawsshouldalsoconsiderotherfactors,suchasthedamageofparticularactionsinmarkets,theinfluencetopublicinterests,andsoon.KeyWords:monopoly,anti-monopoly,marketdominantposition,theperserules,theruleofreason3目录引言............................................................................................................................1第一章反垄断法之规制对象....................................................................................2第一节垄断之确定.................................................................................................2一垄断状态.........................................................................................................2二垄断行为.........................................................................................................4三垄断之范围.....................................................................................................6四垄断之确定.....................................................................................................7第二节反垄断之确定.............................................................................................8一主体之确定.....................................................................................................8二行为之确定...................................................................................................10三行为性质之确定...........................................................................................13四行为合理性之确定.......................................................................................14第二章反垄断法规制对象之实质..........................................................................16第一节相关市场之确定.......................................................................................16第二节市场支配地位之确定...............................................................................18一市场支配地位之概念...................................................................................18二市场支配地位之判断...................................................................................19三滥用市场支配地位之判断...........................................................................21第三章反垄断法规制对象之判断规则..................................................................23第一节本身违法规则...........................................................................................23一本身违法规则之含义...................................................................................23二本身违法规则之法律适用...........................................................................24三我国反垄断立法中本身违法规则之适用...................................................25第二节合理性规则...............................................................................................29一合理性规则之含义.......................................................................................29二本身违法规则与合理性规则之比较...........................................................304三合理性规则之法律适用...............................................................................31四我国反垄断立法中合理性规则之适用.......................................................32结论..........................................................................................................................37参考文献................................................................................................................381引言反垄断法是一部旨在保护市场正当竞争，维护正常经济秩序的法律。反垄断法通过对反竞争行为的约束，既可以有效维护竞争机制，也有利于帮助经营者明确在经济活动中可实施行为的范围。制定反垄断法是我国经济发展的客观需要。纵观国外反垄断立法，关注的对象普遍为具有市场支配地位的企业，但并非所有这些企业的行为均被法律所禁止。滥用市场支配地位是其反垄断