2011广东非谓语动词复习

广东高考与非谓语动词1.Shewishedthathewasaseasy___32___(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.（09广东高考）2.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop___32___(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.（08广东高考）3.Whileshewasgettingme34(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycar…(07广东高考)topleasetohelpsettled非谓语动词在句子中所充当的成分它具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，即：除谓语以外一切成分。作用种类主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词分词种类与作用形式与结构不定式主动形式被动形式一般式进行式完成式动词ing形式主动形式被动形式一般式完成式todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonedoingbeingdonehavingmadehavingbeenmade归纳：动名词与不定式作主语时的区别一、对称原则二、特殊表达三、固定句型四、习惯用法主语和表语对称动名词表示经常性、反复发生的动作不定式表示具体的、某一次的动作IttakessbsometimetodosthIt’snouse/nogood/useless/worthwhile+doing…It’skind/wise/clever…ofsbtodosthIt’simportant/necessary/hard…forsbtodosth只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免putoff推迟keep保持consider考虑delay耽搁dislike嫌恶resist抵制mention提及enjoy喜欢escape避免excuse原谅practice练习mind介意fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成risk冒险include包括forgive原谅giveup放弃suggest建议miss逃过imagine设想can’thelp情不自禁……作宾语只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免consider考虑delay耽搁dislike嫌恶enjoy喜欢escape避免excuse原谅fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成forgive原谅giveup放弃cannothelp情不自禁imagine设想include包括keep保持mention提及mind介意miss逃过putoff推迟practice练习resist抵制risk冒险常见的带介词to的短语：beusedto习惯berelatedto与……有关getdownto着手做contributeto贡献putone’smindto全神贯注于giveriseto引起beequalto胜任devoteoneselfto献身于leadto导致beopposedto反对lookforwardto盼望objectto反对stickto坚持payattentionto注意……非谓语动词作表语1对称原则，主语是动名词，表语一般也用动名词Seeingisbelieving2.分词作表语表示主语的特点特征.现在分词表示令人-------;过去分词表示感到------；Thespeechis______andthestudentsare________.Theoldmanfeels___________withhis____________sonwhoisdisappointedathisstudy.movingmoveddisappointeddisappointing•不定式作表语:•(1)计划，趋势将要做的•sheistogetmarriednextweek.•(2)责任，义务必须做的•I’mtoseeyouoffattheairporttomorrow•(3)祈使,命令不得不做的•You’retostandhere,doyouunderstand?•(4)命运安排,注定做的•Disneymetthemouseandhewastobecomeafamousartist.作状语主动和进行,时间上无先后被动和过去,时间上无先后主动和进行,时间上有先后被动和过去,时间上有先后-ing-ed-havingdoneHavingbeendone否定式在-ing前直接加not或在–ing后加neverattention作定语，放在名词后面n+-ing-ed-todo-tobedonebeingdone用途或主动和进行被动和过去将来的主动将来的被动正在进行的被动高考英语非谓语动词解题的八条经典原则过去分词(done)不定式(todo)V.-ing形式(doing)非谓语动词(表主动/进行/伴随/性质)(表被动/完成/状态/情感)(表主动/目的/将来)1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二：用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义.1.TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames___inBeijingin2008.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld2.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.wait3.“Things_____nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havelost2.—Thelastone_____paysthemeal.—Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving1.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.beingmoved2.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_____hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A.saidB.saysC.sayingD.tosay原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词3.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass，hewouldanswercarelessly，always___thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid4.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys，footballsorbasketballs，___thatallchildrenlikethesethings.A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought1.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet2.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，___arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching原则四：作结果状语，用现在分词或不定式，其区别是，一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果，不定式表意外不好结果.1.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound1.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard2.Therepairscostalot，butit’smoneywell_____.A.tospendB.spentC.beingspentD.spending3.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award，atitle_____toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven原则五：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用现在分词的被动式原则六：谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致1.Facedwithabillfor$10，000，_____.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2.Whilewatchingtelevision，_____.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings1._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated2.Themanager，_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making原则七：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则八：对于固定搭配，原则上按搭配习惯处理1.____withsomuchtrouble，wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.）A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Tof