形容词与副词形副p

happy-happilyreal-reallytrue-trulyusual-usuallybad-badlyloud-loudlylucky-luckilykind-kindlyquick-quicklypolite-politelyslow-slowlyeasy-easilystrong-stronglycareful-carefullyheavy-heavilysuccessful-successfullyterrible-terriblytrue-truly1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick---quickly2.以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”，如happy---happily3.少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true-truly等。4.但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite-politely,wide-widely等。5.另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud(adj.)-aloud(adv.)此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。特殊的有5个:1、friendly(朋友+ly)=友好的(形容词)2、hard困难的(形容词);努力地,雨大地(副词)hardly几乎不3、good好的(形容词);well好地(副词)4、early早的,早地(形容词和副词)5、fast快的,快地(形容词和副词);没有fastly特殊:well表示身体健康时是形容词.Heisfeelingwellnow.2、形容词与副词在句中的位置1、be+形容词Iam________(happy,happily).Heis___________(successful,successfully).Lucyis________(kind,kindly).2、形容词+名词Iama___student.(happy,happily)Heisa_______man.(successful,successfully)Lucyisa__doctor.(kind,kindly)3、动词+副词Heruns__(quick,quickly).Hestudied__.(good,well)HewilllistentoTom__.(careful,carefully)happysuccessfulkindhappysuccessfulkindquicklywellcarefully4、特殊的有3种情况:（1）feel,look,sound,smell,taste,感觉,看起来,听起来,闻起来,尝起来get,become,turn(变得)+形容词1.Ifeel__.A.terribleB.terriblyC.terriblely2.Helooks__.A.happyB.happilyC.sadly3.Ittastes___.A.badlyB.wellC.bad4.Doyoufeel___now?Thanks,I’mOk.A.goodB.wellC.badly5.Theboyisgetting___A.strongB.stronglyC.heavilyAACBA（2）something(肯定句),anything(否定,疑问句),everything,nothing+形容词/修饰词eg:somethingimportant/anythingtoeat一些重要的事情/一些吃的东西nothingdifficult/somethingtodo没有什么困难的/一些事情做（3）enough(足够)放在名词前,形容词,副词后面eg:enoughtime/enoughmoneyoldenoughto/fastenoughtoMysisterisoldenoughtolookaferherself.Theteenagersaren’tseriousenoughtodrive.1.Heisilltoday.Sohelooks____A.tiredB.happilyC.sadly2.Mybrotherdoesn’tfeel___today.A.goodB.wellC.happily3.Thefoodsmells___.Idon’tlikeitA.goodB.badlyC.bad4.Hewritesvery____.A.carefulB.carefullyC.bad5.Istudyvery____.A.hardB.hardlyC.careful6.Theweathergets___A.warmB.warmlyC.coldly7.Ourcountryisbecoming___.A.strongB.stronglyC.richlyABCBAAA8.Isthere____inthenewspaper?A.somethingnewB.newanythingC.anythingnew9.Thereis___withmybike.Itworkswell.A.nothingwrongB.wrongsomethingC.somethingwrong10.Hespeaks____formetounderstand.A.tooslowlyB.slowlyenoughC.enoughslowly11.Heruns___tocatchupwithme.A.toofastB.quickenoughC.quicklyenough12.I’m____Ican’tsayawordA.toohappytoB.happyenoughthatC.sohappythatCABCC3、形容词与副词的比较等级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。掌握形容词和副词的词形变化规律。形容词和副词的原级就是原形，比较级和最高级是在原形的基础分为规则和不规则变化。1、构成不规则变化的单词有10个:eg.good/well–better–bestill/bad/badly–worse–worstmany/much–more–mostlittle–less–leastfar–farther–farthest（指路程）far–further–furthest（指意义）old—older/---oldest（指年龄大小）old—elder---eldest（指家庭成员长幼）（一）形容词与副词比较级与最高级的构成特殊的比较级和最高级1,good/well------2,bad/badly/ill----3,many/much-----4,little-------------5,far路程远--------意义深远-----6,old年龄大小-----家庭成员长幼--better-----thebestworse-----theworstmore-----themostless-----theleastfarther----thefarthestfurther----thefurthestolder----theoldestelder----theeldest2、构成的规则变化有5个：（1）一般在单音节词尾加—er或—est原级比较级最高级coldcoldercoldesthighhigherhighesttalltallertallestquietquieterquietest（2）以e结尾的单词只在词尾加-r或-st原级比较级最高级finefinerfinestlatelaterlatestnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest（3）只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est。big–bigger–biggestsad--sadder--saddestthin–thinner–thinnestred—redder--reddestfat---fatter---fattestglad—gladder--gladdest（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，先改y为i,再加-er或-est。除early外，以ly结尾的单词，一般在词前加more/most.easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestbusybusierbusiestearlyearlierearliestcarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully•变比较级和最高级smallnicebigearlyheavysmallerthesmallestnicerthenicestbiggerthebiggestearliertheearliestheaviertheheaviestwetlatecoldfineredhappyearlywetterthewettestlaterthelatestcolderthecoldestfinerthefinestredderthereddesthappierthehappiestearliertheearliest（5）多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most。eg.delicious–more/mostdeliciousbeautiful–more/mostbeautifulinteresting–more/mostinterestingimportant–more/mostimportantfriendly-more/mostfriendlyquickly---more/mostquicklyhappily---more/mosthappily练习：变比较级和最高级happily-------easily---------friendly------quickly------carefully----easily------luckily------morehappily----themosthappilymoreeasily----themosteasilymorefriendly----themostfriendlymorequickly----themostquicklymorecarefully----themostcarefullymoreheavily----themostheavilymoreluckily----themostluckily特殊:early---interesting----important-----popular-------beautiful-----delicious-----earlier----theearliestmoreinteresting--themostinterestingmoreimportant---themostimportantmorepopular---themostpopularmorebeautiful---themostbeautifulmoredelicious---themostdelicious◆原级句型：表示两者一样或不一样1、A与B在某一方面程度相同:as+原级+aseg.1)MyfriendKayisastallasI/me.我朋友Kay与我一样高。2)MyfriendKayrunsasquicklyasI/me.Kay与我跑得一样快。我和她一样外向。我学习和他一样认真。2、A在某一方面不及B:A…notas/so+原级+asB.eg.1)MyfriendKayisn’tas/sotallasI/me.2)MyfriendKaydoesn’trunas/sofastasI（二）形容词、副词比较等级的用法与句型:◆比较级句型:表示两者(人或事物)的比较1、A…比较级+thanB.形容词比较级:(1)IamtallerthanTom.(2)Mydressismorebeautifulthanhers.副词比较级:(1)ShestudiesharderthanI/me.(2)Johnrunsfasterthanhisbrother.2、比较级前可加alittle/abit一点儿,alot/much得多/even/still