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第二章电力系统各元的参数及等值网络一、电力系统各元件的参数和等值电路2-1一条110kV、80km的单回输电线路,导线型号为LGJ—150,水平排列,其线间距离为4m,求此输电线路在40℃时的参数,并画出等值电路。2-1解:对LGJ—150型号导线经查表得:直径d=17mm5.31mm2/km于是半径:r=17/2=8.5mm04.5424433cabcabmDDDDm=5040mm单位长度的电阻:/21.01505.3120Srkm/225.0)]2040(0036.01[21.0)]20(1[2040trrkm单位长度的电抗:/416.00157.05.85040lg1445.00157.0lg1445.01rDxmkm单位长度的电纳:/1073.2105.85040lg58.710lg58.76661SrDbmkm集中参数:SLbBLxXLrR461111018.2801073.23.3380416.01880225.0SB41009.122-2某220kV输电线路选用LGJ—300型导线,直径为24.2mm,水平排列,线间距离为6m,试求线路单位长度的电阻、电抗和电纳,并校验是否发生电晕。2-2解:查表:LGJ—300型号导线d=24.2mm5.31mm2/km于是r=24.2/2=12.1mm560.762663mDm=7560mm单位长度的电阻:/105.03005.311Srkm单位长度的电抗:/42.00157.01.127560lg1445.01xkm单位长度的电纳:/107.2101.127560lg58.7661Sbkm临界电晕相电压:rDrmmUmcrlg..3.4921取m1=1m2=0.81时,42.13321.156.7lg21.118.013.49crUkV工作相电压:02.1273/220UkV习题解图2-118+j33.3Ωj1.09×10-4Sj1.09×10-4S比较知U<Ucr,不会发生电晕。2-3某电力网由双回110kV的输电线向末端变电所供电,其接线如图2-3(a)所示,输电线长100km,用LGJ—120型导线,在杆塔上布置如图2-3(b)。末端变电所装两台110/11kV、20000kVA的三相铝线变压器,其型号为LGJ—20000/110。试求:⑴用查表法计算40℃时,每公里架空线路的参数。⑵求末端变压器折到110kV侧的参数。⑶求并联运行后的等值参数,并画出其等值电路图。⑷校验此线路在t=25℃正常大气压下是否会发生电晕。2-3解:⑴线路参数①LGJ—120查表d=15.0mmr1=0.27Ω/kmr40=r1〔1+(t-20)〕=0.27〔1+0.0036(40-20)〕=0.289双回线路的电阻:)(47.14100289.0212140LrRL②44.45.325.35.33mD(m)41.00157.000765.044.4lg1445.00157.0lg1445.01rDXm10041.021211LxXL=20.5③66611074.21076.258.710lg58.7rDbm(S/km)4611074.221001074.222LbBL(S)⑵对SFL1—20000/110变压器查表Pk=235kW,P0=22kW,Uk%=10.5,I0%=0.8,取UN=110kV,SN=20000kVA,折到110kV侧的参数为:)(10322.1110100208.0100%)(1082.11101000221000)(53.632010001105.101000%)(08.4201000110135100052206220222222SUSIBSUPGSUUXSUPRNNTNTNNkTNNkT⑶求并联运行的参数及等值电路110kV10kV2×LGJ-120100km2×SFL-20000/1106m5m4m3.5m3.5m习题图2-3(a)(b))(5.2047.14jjXRZLLLSjBjL41074.22)(75.3104.2)5.6308.4(21)(21jjjXRZTTTSjjjBGYTTT565610441.21064.310322.11082.122⑷取m1=0.95m2=0.9查得r=7.65mm1252737692.3150765.044.4lg765.019.095.084lg8421rDrmmUmCT(kV)由此可知150>110即Ucr>UN,所以不发生电晕。2-9三相双绕组变压器的型号为SSPL—63000/220,额定容量为63000kVA,额定电压为242/10.5kV,短路损耗404kPkW,短路电压45.14%kU,空载损耗93oPkW,空载电流41.2%oI。求该变压器归算到高压侧的参数,并作出等值电路。2-9解:5220622022222221014.32201006341.2100%1092.1220100093100001.11163100022045.14100%93.46310002204041000NNTNTNNkTNNkTUSIBUPGSUUXSUPR2-10某发电厂装设一台三相三绕组变压器,额定容量60NSMVA,额定电压为121/38.5/10.5kV,各绕组容量比为100/100/100,两两绕组间的短路电压为17%21kU,5.10%13kU,6%32kU,空载损耗150oPkW。最大短路损耗410maxkPkW,空载电流3%oI,试求变压器参数,并作等值电路。2-10解:4.93Ωj111.01Ω-j3.14×10-5S1.92×10-6S习题解图2-9习题解图2-32.04+j31.75j2.74×10-4YT=3.64×10-6-j2.644×10-514.47+j20.5B2B2jj25.01765.1021%25.65.1061721%75.1065.101721%83.083.0602000121410200032113222221kkkTTTNNkTUUURRRSUPR61.06010012125.0100%25.156010012125.6100%23.266010012175.10100%222332222222211NNkTNNkTNNkTSUUXSUUXSUUXSUSIBSUPGNNTNT422052201023.11211000603100%1002.112110001501000二、简单电力系统的等值网络2-15简化系统如图2-15所示,元件参数如下:架空线:110NUkV,/4.01xkm,长70km。变压器:两台SFL—20000/110型号变压器并联运行,短路电压为Uk%=10.5。电抗器:额定电压为6kV,额定电流为300A,电抗百分值为4%。电缆线:双回铜电缆线路,6NUkV,长2.5km,缆芯截面70Smm2,/08.01xkm,电阻系统8.18mm2/km。当选基准容量100BSMVA,基准电压为各段的平均电压。试求该系统各元件的标么参数,并作等值电路。2-15解:SB=100MVAUB=Uav架空线L:212.0115100704.022BBLUSXX变压器T:525.0201001005.10100%21TBkTTSSUXX电抗器R:164.13.61003003600010043100%22BBNNrRUSIUXX110kV6kV6kV习题2-15图电缆线L:504.03.61005.208.022BBUSXX692.13.6100705.28.1822BBUSSLR等值电路:2-18某系统接线如图2-18所示,如果已知变压器1T归算至121kV侧的阻抗为2.95+j48.7,2T归算至110kV侧的阻抗为4.4848.4j,3T归算至35kV侧的阻抗为188.9127.1j,输电线路的参数已标于图中,试分别作出元件参数用有名值和标么值表示的等值电路。2-18解:假定系统为∞⑴有名值参数(精确计算,归算到110kV侧)①T1ZT1=2.95+j48.7T2ZT2=4.48+j48.4T3ZT3=(1.127+j9.188)2)5.38110(=9.2+j75②L23ZL=10.5+j20.8L45ZL=(6.6+J8)(5.38110)2=53.88+j65.31⑵标么值参数(近似计算、归算到110kV侧)取SB=100MVAUB=Uav368.00223.0115100)7.4895.2(21jjZT157.0079.0115100)8.205.10(223jjZL366.0034.0115100)4.4848.4(22jjZT584.0482.037100)86.6(245jjZL67.0082.037100)188.9127.1(23jjZTj0.212j0.525j1.1641.692+j0.5041.692+j0.504j0.525习题解图2-152.95+j48.710.5+j20.84.48+j48.453.88+j65.319.2+j7512345习题解图2-18a0.034+j0.3660.0223+j0.3680.079+j0.1570.482+j0.5840.082+j0.67T1L23T2L45习题解图2-18bT36T2G10kVT1T3110kV35kV10kV习题2-18图31.5MVA10.5/121kV20MVA110/38.5kV10MVA35/11kV6.6+j8Ω10.5+j20.8Ω1~23452-20简单电力结线如图2-20所示。试作出该系统的等值电路(不计电阻,导纳)。⑴所有参数归算到110kV侧。⑵所有参数归算到10kV侧。⑶选取100BSMVA,avBUU时以标么值表示的等值电路。2-20解:⑴所有参数归算至110kV侧,采用有名制精确计算:47.131)5.10121(305.1027.0:22GXG8.485.311211005.10:211TXT7.84151101005.10:2322TTXXT4.51)6.6110(5.1361008:401004.0:221RLLXDKXXL⑵所有参数归算至10kV侧时99.0305.1027.0:2GXG368.05.315.101005.10:211TXT3222638.01215.107.84:TTXXT301.01215.101004.0:221LLXXL387.01215.104.51:2RXDK等值电路:~L2T1T2110kVL1GT310kV30MVA10.5kV〞Xd=0.2731.5MVA10.5/121kVUk%=10.52×15MVA110/6.6kVUk%=10.5100kmx0=0.4Ω/km6kV1.5kAXr%=8习题图2-20j131.47j48.8(j0.99)(j0.368)j40j84.7(j0.301)(j0.638)j40j84.7(j0.301)(j0.638)j51.4(j0.387)习题解图2-20a⑶选取SB=1
本文标题:电力工程第二章例题
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