一种高精度PWM降压型DCDC转换器的设计

上海交通大学硕士学位论文一种高精度PWM降压型DC-DC转换器的设计姓名：林刚磊申请学位级别：硕士专业：微电子学与固体电子学指导教师：戴庆元20081201IPWMDC-DCSwitchModePowerSupplyICDC-DCPWMNECHHNEC0.35BCDSpectreCadence4V-12V1.8V-6V1A5V2.5V5O2mV0.05%II90%5V3.3V2.5V1.8V12V5V3.3V2.5VDC-DCPWMIIIDESIGNOFAHIGHPRECISIONPWMBUCKDC-DCCONVERTERABSTRACTPowersupplyisanindispensablepartinapplicationelectronicequipmentssuchasTV,computerandportablecommunicationequipments,whichisthefundamentalrequirementfornormaloperation.Switchmodepowersupply,withitscompactvolume,smallweight,highefficiencyandgoodlineregulation,hasbeenwidelyappliedinmostofelectronicfields.ThecoreofswitchmodepowersupplyisintegratedICcontrolsystem.Itshighintegrationlevel,quality-priceratioandefficiencymakeitbecomethemajorcandidateforapplicationpowerdesign.Inrecentyears,theportableelectronicproductsisbecomingmoreandmorepopular,whichmakesarapidgrowthofpowermanagementIC.Withthepurposeofprovidingmorefunctionsandhighperformance,asfarassavingenergy,theseelectronicproductsneedswitchingpowersupplychipwithhighconversionefficiencyandhighprecision.ThisthesisproposesahighprecisionmonolithicbuckDC-DCconverter.ThechipadoptsthevoltagePWMcontrolmode,andusesdecreasingfrequencyprotection.Inthechip,adigitalcontrolledsoft-starIVcircuitiscontained.Thischipischaracterizedbyhighprecision,highconvertingefficiencyandsmallstrike-voltageandsurge-currentatstartingstage.SpectresimulationsaredoneoneachcellandthewholesystemincadencewiththeparameterofHHNEC0.35umBCDprocess.Itworksat4Vto12Vsupplyvoltage,andprovides1.8Vto6Voutputvoltagewithamaximaloutputcurrentof1A.Simulationindicatesthattheoutputrippleisonly2mV,theoutputprecisionis0.05%,andthepowerefficiencyisabove90%with5Vsupplyvoltage,2.5Voutputvoltageand5Oloadresistor.Alsoinothertypicalsimulations,therespectivevaluesareachieved.KEYWORDSDC-DC,VoltageMode,PWM,HighPrecision??“v”11.1[1]-[3]DC-DCDC-DCAC-DCDC-ACAC-ACDC-DCPWMDC-DCDC-DCDC-DC1-1DC-DCFigure1-1DC-DCswitchingpowersupplysystemDC-DC1-121.2[4]-[7]1-2MAXIM2008ICLDOChargePump1-11-2ICFigure1-2PowermanagementIC31-1Table1-1Comparisonamong3convertersLDOVin/Vout1.2.1LDOLDOLDOLDORFLDOEMIRFCCDLDOLDO?=Vout/Vin3.6V3V90.9%1.5V41.7%1.2.2ChargePumpDC-DCFET0.5234490%EMIIC21.590%70%3300mALDOEMI1.2.3:1MOSFETMOSFET2MOSFET3IC95%()EMIPCB51.3[8]-[11]iSuppli2003149200213510.3%20011-3Figure1-3PowermanagementmarketandterminalequipmentmarketiSuppli20034.8%6%10%IMSMatthewTowers200212%13%61-2Table1-2Theincreaseofdifferenttypesofpowermanagement2002200320042005200620072002-200735.7142.2150.2954.0161.777415.1%IC19.9222.0225.4726.3629.0132.810.5%9.2220.3521.9421.0321.9423.344.0%5.765.96.056.066.266.462.3%53.4458.5566.6570.8577.6987.2710.3%MOSFET34.9839.1845.1149.0754.5362.512.3%IGBT7.297.819.169.179.9510.88.2%11.1711.5612.3812.6113.2113.974.6%135.05149.03170.4178.31196.67223.8710.6%iSuppli20084TIMikeCarusoIC[12]71.4[13][14]1.4.1SIA20052008CAGR9.7%20083,090SIA2005200814.1%CAGR——200488820081,504748.6%SIAGeorgeScalise200511ITDatabeansDatabeans20044272,14020%12%201222%810[15]1.4.20.8V/50A8[16]1.5[17]1.5.1188/90MOSFETs0.4V0.2VMOSFET180mO18mO2/31.5.25V3.3V1.8V1.0V1V/100A0.01O10mOmO10%MOSFETMOSFET9MOSFET11mm×11mm1MHz100A6%2550%1.5.250W75W100W150W200W250W300W400W1.5.25V3.3V2.7V1.8V1.0V101.60.1%OLED(1)4V12V1.8V6V(2)1A(3)90(4)800KHz/80KHz(5)4V12V(6)(7)ICCadenceDC-DCDC-DCDC-DC11PWM12DC-DCDC-DC[18]2.1[19]DC-DCVinVout2-1DC-DCVfbVref2-1PWMDC-DCFigure2-1PWMDC-DCconverterarchitecture13BuckBoostInvertCuk[20]2.1.1BuckBuckVin0=V0=VinV02-2BuckVinMpVinPMOSVpMpRL2-2BuckFigure2-2BuckDC-DCconverterMpXMpLCMpXDLC14LCRLTonToffT=Ton+ToffTofft=TToffLVoTonLVoVinidtLVoToniTiLToffTonTonLL--+=-+=++∫)0()()(2.1t=0t=T)0()(+=LLiTiToffLVoTonLVoVin=-2.2DVinTTonVinVo×==2.3DIrToffLVoTonLVoVinIr=-=2.4L()DfIrVoTTonIrVoTTToffIrVoTToffIrVoL-×=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛-=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛==112.5VrC()DLTVrVoC-=1822.62.52.6DIrVrf2LCLCLCLC2.1.2BoostBoostVinVin=V0V0152-3BoostFigure2-3BoostDC-DCconverter2-3BoostVinMnNMOSVnMnRLMnXLMnMnXV0LCRLBoostBuckDVsVo-=12.7DfIrVsTTonIrVsTTonIrVsL×=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛==2.8DRTVrVoTTonRTVrVoC=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛=2.92.1.3InvertInvertVinV0=0V0162-4InvertFigure2-4InvertDC-DCconverter2-4InvertVinMpVinPMOSVpMpRLMpXMpLCXV0CLLCRLinoutVDDV--=12.100D0.5inoutVV≤0.5D1inoutVV≥172.1.4CukCuk2-5MnL1C1L2MnL1C1L2I22-4CukFigure2-4CukDC-DCconverter2.2DC-DCPWMPFMPWM/PFMPWMPFMPWMPFM[21]2.2.1PWMDPWMPWM2-5PWMVREFERRORAMPVEPWMPWM_COM18PWM_COMPWM_COMVSVEVE2-5PWMFigure2-5PWMvoltagecontrollingmode2-6PWM2-6PWMFigure2-6PWMoperationprinciples192.2.2PFMPFM[22]PSM50%2-7PFMFigure2-7TypicalPFMcontrollingmode2-7PFMCOMVREFVREFCLKRSVREFVINVOUT2-8PFM2-8PFMFigure2-8PFMoperationprinciples202.2.3PWMPFMPWM/PFMPWMPFM2-7PWMPFM2.3DC-DC[23][24][25]2.3.1PWM60PWM[26]212-9Figure2-9VoltagecontrollingmodeswitchingpowersupplyPWMLCPWMPWM[27][18]222.3.2[29]607080PWM2-10PWMPWMPWMPWMPWMLC23PWM2-10Figure2-10CurrentcontrollingmodeswitchingpowersupplyPWM50[28][30]BuckPWM[31]2.4DC-DC[32]-[34]DC-DC242-11CxLs1[35]2-11Figure2-11BuckDC-DCconverterofparasiticeffect2.4.1PconductionRiPrmsconduction•=22.11irmsRPWM2)(2)(2DCrmsACrmsrmsiii+=2.1222)(ODCrmsIDi•=2.1322)(231⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛Δ•=OACrmsIDi2.140=D=1I0?I0252.4.2sggfEp•=2.15Eg