能量代谢研究对水产配合饲料研制和评价的应用价值Ξ

20Vol.20,Sup.20014JOURNALOFOCEANOGRAPHYINTAIWANSTRAITApr.,2001X,,(,361005):,(SDA)(CPP),.:;;;:S968:A:100028160(2001)S020029207Winberg(1956)[1],,(Cyprinussp.),.,;;(,);,.(),,,,[2,3];,,[24].[1]:I=G+R+U+F,I,G,R,U,F,(AE,AssimilationEfficiency)()(K1,Grossgrowthefficiency)(K2,Netgrowthefficiency):AE=(I-F)PIK1=GPIK2=GP(I-F)X:2000212203::(1966),,1,,,1,,,,,[5].(SDA)(CPP)4,,.11,(K1).(Dailyration,)().3(2.411.122.5g)(Aci2pensertransmontanus)(specificgrowthrate,SGR),;,[6]..,,,.(Scyllaserrata)(Z1M)16.02%30.65%41.93%38.17%19.18%24.68%,Z3,Z1Z5;,.1.1,.0.450.90,1g1g53.941.7kJ,kg:ME(JPg)=1000(53.9+41.7)(Salmogairdneri)kg2633MJ,14.523.7MJ,10.513.6MJ,9.611.7MJ;49.4%66.2%.kg16.929.6MJ,kg1314MJ,.1.2(Ms)().:Ms=aWb,a,b.a,a,a,a0320.(Scyllaserrata)..2000..b0.750.85,0.90;0.80,b;()b.,,,,.,,,,17%24%14%17%,30%50%.(Ms),(Ma),,[3,7].20mPmin80mPmin,(O2)10010-6(mPm,)h-150010-6(mPm,)h-1.,24,[7].1.3,.,(SpecificDynamicAction,SDA).,,(HeatIncrement,HI)(AHI)SDA,SDA(post2prandialphenomenon).,:M=Ms+Ma+SDA(AHI)SDA:,,SDA.(1989)SDA10%20%[8],Jobling(1983)SDA9%20%[2];SDA7.68%17.40%.SDA,.SDA,SDA.2SDASDA,,;SDA,.SDA(SDA)3[2,3].,,SDA,SDA,SDA,,,,.,(Ms)MsSDA,,SDA(Therateofgastricevacuation),Jobling,SDA13:[2];SDA,(Macro2brachiumrosenbergii)[9]SDA6h48h.,MsSDA,,:(1)SDA.SDA=a+bRL,RL,ab,bSDA,,bSDA.SDA,,,.(2)SDA.,,;,,SDA.(Penaeusorientalis)83.9%29.3%,131.8%93.6%,SDA,SDASDA[10].SDA,SDA,,,SDA,N.(3)SDA.(12.9%13.6%15.7%19.8%)(61%)(P.setiferus)(AHI),(12.9%1.4%I19.8%20.6%I),N3%I17%I(I)[11];(Homarusamer2icanus)SDA10%,SDA[12];(51%)(23.3%20.0%16.7%),,,[13];(Mylopharyngodonpiceus)(0%12%),,N[5].(,),.SDA(CPP).(4)SDA.SDA,SDA,,;,,.,.(5),,SDA.Z5,SDA,,.SDA.23203(CPP),.(Ictaluruspunctatus)(Oreochromissp.)1[7].,.,,,,.(M.nipponense)36.842.7%,12.5914.91kJPg[14].1Tab.1Energyrequirmentsofthefish(g)(JPg)40TE1920Backeretal,19831115TE20.4Gongnetetal,19871115TE19.0Gongnetetal,1987-DE14.0Wantanabeetal,1987170DE20.0ZeitlerandSchwartzetal,1983-ME12.54NRC,198140120TE212440120ME13.0Henken,19852.5DE19.27.5DE13.4Winfreeetal,1981:TE,DE,ME;(1994)[7].,,14kJPg,32%;,56%34%,19.213.4kJPg,(CPP),CPP(,DE)33.546.1kJPg,CPP,58.962.6kJPg,;,CPP33.4kJPg[14].CPP,0.10.21.735g,CPP33.435.335.841.7kJPg,,.,(Ictalurusafricanus)2429,CPP4028.6kJPg,CPP,,,,,.4OPN.,:3.(OPN).OPN7,OPN24,33:OPN.,OPN7.048.34,OPN16.1817.98,OPN18.3730.48;,,,[15];OPN18.637.0,,,,[16];OPN2024,,,[17].Z1M2032OPN14161618171991117251933;,OPN,OPN;,Z4;,;,,Z5M,.,,..,;SDA,,;,,,,,(Pseudosiaenacrocea).(),;;,,.:[1]WinbergGG.Rateofmetabolismandfoodrequirementsoffishes[M].BelorussianStateUniversi2ty,Minsk.195611251.[2]JoblingM.Theinfluencesoffeedingonthemetabolicrateoffishes:ashortreview[J].JFishBiol,1981,18(4):385400.[3],.[J].,1991,15(1):8390.[4],.[J].,1998,5(3):104107.[5],,.[J].,1997,6(3):186192.[6]CuiY,HuangSSOandZhuX.Effectofrationandbodysizeontheenergybudgetofjuvenilewhitesturgeon[J].JFishBiol,1996,49:863876.[7].[J].,1994,(4):38.[8].[J].,1989,13(4):191197.4320[9],,,.[J].,1998,17(4):1417.[10],,..[J].,1998,28(2):228232.[11]LeonT,GaxiolaG,RamosL,etal.EnergybalanceofpartiallyablatedadultfemalesofthewhiteshrimpPenaeussetiferusfeddietswithdifferentlipidlevels[M].SpecPublEurAquaculSoc,1993.19,144.[12]LoganDT,andCEEpifanio.AlaboratoryenergybalanceforthelarvaeandjuvenilesoftheAmer2icanlobsterHomarusamericanus[J].MarBiol,1978,47(4):381389.[13]WoodsHoleOceanographicInstitution.Theeffectsofdietonthegrowthenergeticsofpostlarvallob2sters(Homarusamericanus)[M].WoodsHoleOceanInstMA(USA)DepofBiology,1979.254.[14],.[J].,1990,14(1):321327.[15],.[J].,1992,16(2):167170.[16].[J].,1990,14(2):114119.[17],,..[J].,1998,28(2):223227.AppliedvaluesofenergeticsondevelopingandevaluatingofaquaticformulateddietsZHUXiao2ming,LIShao2jing,JIANGXiao2dong(CollegeofOceanography&EnvironmentalScience,XiamenUniversity,Xiamen361005,China)Abstract:Combinedwithresultsoflarvalenergeticsofmudcrab,Scyllaserrata,theenergeticsapplicationsondevelopingofaquaticformulateddietsanditsforegroundareinvestigatedfromstudyingonenergyconversionefficiency,feedingmetabolismandSpecificDynamicAction(SDA),theratiooftheenergyandprotein(CPP),andthesourceofenergyformetabolism,etc.Keywords:energymetabolism;formulateddiets;developing;evaluating53: