青藏高原植被固定CO_2释放O_2的经济价值评估

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,,,20(CO2O2).:CO22811108t,O22018108t;15161011Pa,CO27131011Pa,O28131011Pa;,,;,,;,.:CO2;O2;;:F06212:A:1001-6929(2009)08-0977-07EconomicValueAssessmentofCO2FixationandO2ReleaseofVegetationEcosystemintheTibetanPlateauLIUJun2hui1,LIUJin2song2,FENGXiao2miao3,GAOJi2xi11.InstituteofEcology,ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Beijing100012,China2.HebeiKeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalChangeandEcologicalConstruction,CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentSciences,HebeiNormalUniversity,Shijiazhuang050016,China3.DepartmentofResourcesandEnvironment,ShijiazhuangCollege,Shijiazhuang050035,ChinaAbstract:BasedonthemeasurementofnetprimaryproductivityintheTibetanPlateau,combinedwithremotesensingtechnologyandfieldexperiments,usingeco2economicmehods,theeconomicvalueofCO2fixationandO2releasebythevegetationecosystemintheTibetanPlateauwasestimatedfortheperiod198522005.Theresultsshowthat:(1)thetotalCO2fixationandO2releaseis2811108tand2018108trespectively;(2)thetotalvalueofCO2fixationandO2releaseofthevegetationecosystemintheTibetanPlateauis15161011RMBPa;thevalueofCO2fixationis7131011RMBPabyreforestationcost,andthevalueofO2releaseis8131011RMBPabyindustrialmethodofmakingO2;(3)amongdifferentvegetationtypes,thevalueofshrubbytussockisthemostimportantinalltheecosystemservices;theper2pixelvalueofsubtropicalevergreenconiferousforestishigherthanthatofotherecosystems;(4)inhorizontaldistribution,thevalueofCO2fixationandO2releasedecreasedfromthesoutheasttothenorthwest,anditsdistributionwasgreatlyimpactedbyprecipitationandvegetationdistribution;inverticaldistribution,thevalueofCO2fixationandO2releasewasimpactedbydifferentlandforms.Keywords:vegetationCO2fixation;O2release;economicvalue;TibetanPlateau:2008-11-20:2009-02-21:(2007BAC16B02);(200709007):(1976-),,,,,[e-mail].,.,()3[1].,,,,[2].,,O2.22820098ResearchofEnvironmentalSciencesVol.22,No.8Aug.,2009©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[3].,CO2,CO2.,,,,.[4210].,,,(CO2O2).[11],,,.,(NPP),,,.1(2832N4001N,7827E10443E),,,.4000m,.,,5861179514kJPcm2.,0,1-810-1710,75151316,02000,1525,.,,4000mm,100mm.10,.,,,;,,;13000,2000,1100.,,.,,,,4123(),230104km2,20071280104,,.22.119852005()().NPP,.GISKriging,1km.2.219852000AVHRR-NDVI(EarthResourceObservationSystem,EROS)(PathfinderDataSet,PDS),8km.20022005MODIS-NDVI(NASAGSFCDAAC)MODIS(http:PP),250m.(MaximumValueComposite)AVHRR-NDVI,(NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex,NDVI),.NDVI,ArcInfo,1km.2.311000000[12];14000000[13];14000000[14]1kmGrid1km(DEM)87922©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(Albers),Krasovsky,:105E,0,25N,47N.3CO2O2,CO2O2,CO2O2.,,NPP,.,1g,1162gCO2112gO2.45%[15],NPP.,CO2,t26019[16217];O2,tO2400[18219].3.111000000,14000000P,,().1Fig.1VegetationtypesintheTibetanPlateau3.2NPP[20221]NPP,2:NPP(x,t)=APAR(x,t)(x,t)(1),APAR(x,t)xt,MJPm2;(x,t)xt(C),gPMJ.3.2.1APAR[22],:APAR(x,t)=SOL(x,t)FPAR(x,t)015(2),015;SOL(x,t)tx,MJPm2;FPAR(x,t).10,,[23]9798:CO2O2©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(x,t)=170292+21073189x1-01019171x1x3+01007212x2x3(3),x1,h,;x2,m,DEM1km;x3,();x2,x3.FPAR(x,t).,FPARNDVI[24226].FPAR=(VI-VIi,min)(FPARmax-FPARmin)P(VIi,max-VIi,min)+FPARmax(4),VI,VI=(1+NDVI)P(1-NDVI);VIi,maxVIi,miniFPAR;FPARmax=01950;FPARmin=01001.3.2.2(x,t)POTTER[27],,.(x,t):(x,t)=f1(x,t)f2(x,t)W(x,t)max(5),f1(x,t)f2(x,t);W(x,t),;max(C),gPMJ,.3.3,.,(DEM),ArcGIS,,,1.1Table1Classificationofelevation,slopeandaspectintheTibetanPlateauPmP()12000.05(-1)2200010300010510(045,315360)33000114000101015(45135)44000115000101520(135225)550001020(225315)44.12,15161011Pa,,CO22811108t,CO27131011Pa;O22018108t,O28131011Pa.,,;;1716105P(km2a),1010105P(km2a),,,1010105P(km2a).,..4.22,,.,,,,,115106P(km2a).,,.,,,,,105P(km2a).4.3,3.3,,,;5000m,.2000m,,;40005000m,,.,08922©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(108tPa)1)P(108Pa)P(108tPa)2)P(108Pa)P(108Pa)P105P(km2a)1878275181151518413017211532371317127001911333471001993941174111101648900103718010281816163148520102512010151911111310506950111362963188141336519632917121540963016516916014819216362128187787011231130109351666198164421501551431501411631030615619229850117441401135013941741110943701431121201321271423916212470000610315731241471786163359187115060571123320190191364156851411411388901194916011456131051901939090112311301093516661917112670901037180102818161601621164892810773231420179831619156401371633)1);2);3).2Fig.2TheeconomicvalueofCO2fixationandO2releaseonvegetationecosystemintheTibetanPlateau1898:CO2O2©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1010Pa)P%2000.0469