专业英语(生药加天然药物化学)中国药科大学

绪论StrengtheningbasicresearchesonChineseMedicinalPlantsanditsrelationstorealizingthemodernizationofCMM加强中国药用植物基础研究及其与中药现代化的关系TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)中药healthcare卫生健康Chinesetraditionalmedicinalherbs中草药incitingside-effects明显的副作用gobacktothenature回归自然themodernizationofChineseMateriaMedica(CMM)中药现代化Surveys调查specialprojects专项调查scientificidentification科学鉴定chemicalconstituents化学成分pharmacologicalexperiments药理实验clinicalapplications临床适应性monographs各论、专论manuals手册Pharmacopoeia药典therapeuticalefficacy疗效黄花蒿(Artemisiaannua)，青蒿(Artemisiaapiacea)chloroquineresistantmalaria/抗氯喹宁疟疾Pernicious（有害的）malaria/恶性疟疾cerebral（大脑的,脑的）malaria/脑疟疾derivatives/衍生物quinine/喹宁harringtonine三尖杉酯碱homoharringtonine高三尖杉酯碱extractedfrom提取leukemia白血病malignantlymphoma恶性淋巴瘤ginkgetin银杏黄酮criteria标准revise修正，校订systematicstudies系统研究revising修订common-usedChinesemateriamedica常用中药材品种整理和质量研究impactn.冲击，碰撞era时代publichealthcare公共健康事业traditionalChinesepatentmedicinesandpreparations中成药和中药制剂basicresearches基础研究production生产marketing流通research研究①Identificationofspecies/品种鉴定identifying鉴别clarifying澄清，阐明confusedvarieties易混淆的变种falsematters伪品益胃生津，滋阴清热benefitthestomach,promotetheproductionofbodyfluidandremovetheexcessiveheat②Qualitycontrolandevaluation/质量的控制和评价intensive加强的，透彻的contents=components,constituentswithgreatcare:小心翼翼地habitat：产地qualitativeandquantitativeanalysis定性定量分析③Themethodsofresearch研究方法biotechnology生物技术molecularbiology分子生物学remedy:n.药物，治疗法，赔偿，v.补救，矫正modernscientificmethodologies现代科学方法①Strengthenthestudyofmedicinalplantresources加强药用植物基源研究exploringnewresources开发新的资源re-productingresources可持续性利用资源conservationofgermplasmoftherareandendangeredmedicinalplants珍稀濒危药用植物的种质资源保护②Carryouttheresearchesonspecificbiologyofmedicinalplantsspecificadj.种的，明确的，特殊的，具有特效的n.特效药，详情，特性③MapoutGAP(GoodAgriculturingPractice)inmedicinalcultivationmapout规划seedqualitystandards种子的质量标准processingrulesandregulations加工方法及规范④Establishedstandardsofqualitycontrolandrenewmethodologycriteria标准protocol草案foreignmatter杂质⑤ApplymoderncomprehensivemultidisciplinarystudiesonChinesemedicinalplantscomprehensive：综合的，广泛的multidisciplinary：多学科⑥EstablishinformationsystemsinmodernresearchofChinesemedicinalherbsEthnobotany人类植物学Ethnopharmacology民族药理学Ethno-民族，种族semi-colonialandsemi-feudalnation/半殖民半封建的国家constraintanddevastation/压迫与毁坏theinheritanceanddevelopmentofChinesetroditionalmedicine……/继承和发扬manydifficultandcomplicateddiseases疑难杂症TERMINOLOGYTERMINOLOGYTERMINOLOGYTERMINOLOGY部分要求的词汇中药TraditionalChineseMedicines中药材ChineseMateriaMedica(CMM)TraditionalChineseMedicinalMaterialsChineseCrudeDrugs中草药TraditionalChineseMedicinalHerbsChineseHerbalMedicines药用植物学MedicinalPlants民间药物FolkloreMedicamentsFolkHerbsIndigenousDrugs中成药TraditionalChinesePatentMedicines中药制剂ChineseMedicinalPreparations药用植物学PharmaceuticalBotany生药学Pharmacognosy药用植物分类学PharmaceuticalPlantTaxonomy植物化学Phytochemistry植物化学分类学PlantChemotaxonomy药用植物志FloraofMedicinalPlants中药药剂学TraditionalChinesePharmaceutics中药炮制学ScienceofProcessingChineseCrudeDrugs显微生药学MicroscopicalPharmacognosy本草学herbals药典pharmacopoeia细胞cell细胞壁cellwall初生壁primarywall次生壁secondarywall细胞核nucleus质体plastid叶绿体chloroplast染色体chromoplast纹孔pit结晶体crystal淀粉粒starchgranule（grain）脐点hilum(pi.hila)层纹striation单粒singlestarchgranule复粒compoundstarchgranule半复粒semi-compoundstarchgranule蛋白质protein脂类化合物lipid挥发油volatileoil苷glycoside生物碱alkaloid皂苷saponin萜terpene三萜皂苷triterpenoid黄铜flavonoid蒽醌anthraquinone酚phenol香豆素coumarin鞣质rannin氨基酸aminoacid菊糖inulin草酸钙结晶calciumcxalatecrystal簇晶clusrercrystal(cluster,druse)针晶acicularcrystal(needle)Parenchyma薄壁组织Parenchymatouscell包庇细胞Epidermaltissue表皮组织Epidermis表皮Cuticle角质层stoma(pl.stomata)气孔guardcell保卫细胞subsidiarycell副卫细胞非腺毛non-glandularhair腺毛glandularhair腺鳞glandularscale周皮periderm木栓层cork木栓形成层corkcambium(phellogen)栓内层phelloderm皮层cortex皮孔lenticel形成层cambium次生木质部secondaryxylem次生韧皮部secondaryphloem分泌组织secretorytissue树脂道resincanal厚角组织collenchyma纤维fibre(fiber)韧皮纤维phloemfibre木纤维xylemfibre晶鞘纤维crystalfibre层纹striation木化lignified增厚thickening增厚细胞壁thickenedwall导管vessel网纹导管reticulatedvessel具缘纹孔导管borderedpittedvessel筛管sievetube维管束vascularbundle外韧维管束collateralbundle异性维管束abnormalvascularbundle形成层成环cambiumring主根main(tap)root定根normalroot须根fibrousroot不定根adventitiousroot细根rootler初生构造primarystructure次生构造secondarystructure皮层cortex中柱鞘pericycle初生木质部primaryxylem髓部pith射线ray木栓层cork植物phyta科aceae丹参Pubescent软毛Stem4-angled茎4棱Angled棱Leavesopposite叶对生Verticillate轮生pseudo-假的Racemes总状花序stamens雄蕊Gynobasic着生于基部的Nutlets坚果Ellipsoid椭圆形Vermillion朱红色serrate锯齿状的Retuse浅凹形Falcate钩状的Filament花丝Style花柱Anther花粉囊fragile:脆的astringent:收敛性的ferricchloride:三氯化铁TS：testsolutiondull:暗的cortex:栓皮，皮层phelloderm:栓内层astopperedtesttube:具塞试管standfor：静置residue:残渣referencedrug:对照药材CRS：ChemicalReferenceStandard养心安神：clearheart-fireandremoverestlessnessRhizomesshortandstout,sometimeswithremainsofastemattheapex.根茎短而粗壮，Externallybrownish-redordarkbrownish-red,rough,longitudinallywrinkled.dissolvedonmountinginchloralhydratesolution.Boil5gofthepowderin50mlofwaterfor15～20minutes,coolandfilter.Concentratethefiltrateonawaterbath,dissolvetheextractin3～5mlofethanol,filter.Applyseve