常见英语词缀

1常见英语词缀名词后缀(nounsuffixes)1.-ability(由able+-ity而成，表示“可…性，易…性”)probability可能性adaptability可适应性dependability可靠性-ibility(由ible+-ity而成，表示“可…性，易…性”)sensibility敏感性possibility可能性flexibility灵活性2.-ity(表示性质，状态，情况；-acity,-ality,)capacity容量，能力personality人格formality拘泥形式，手续-icity(-ic+-ity构成)simplicity简单publicity公开性plasticity可塑性-ility(-ile+ity构成)fertility肥沃mobility易动性fragility易碎性3.–ancy,-ency(表状态，情况，性质)expectancy期待，期望constancy经久不变emergency紧急情况persistency持续，坚持tendency趋向，倾向4.–cy(表示性质，状态)vacancy空白bankruptcy破产infancy幼年期intimacy亲密privacy5.-ty(表状态，情况，性质;)specialty特性，专长loyalty忠诚penalty处罚cruelty残忍variety变化anxiety焦虑propriety适当，适合equality平等humanity人性，人类complexity复杂性popularity通俗activity活动creativity创造力relativity相关性(-ive+-ity构成)curiosity好奇心generosity慷慨(与形容词后缀-ous相对应)6.–age(表示集合名词；场所；行为或行为结果；状态，情况，身份；物)percentage百分比cottage村舍postage邮资marriage结婚storage贮存shrinkage收缩advantage利益package包裹bandage绷带7.–al(表示行为，状况；人；物)另外还是形容词后缀proposal提议renewal更新survival幸存criminal犯罪分子rival竞争者aboriginal土著人manual手册8.-ance(表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ancy同,对应的形容词后缀是-ant)resistance抵抗expectance期待endurance持久ignorance无知9.-ence(表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ency同,对应的形容词后缀是-ent)emergence出现confidence信任innocence无罪,天真persistence坚持10.-ar(表示人与物)burglar夜贼calendar日历(另形容词后缀)-er(表示主动者、与某事有关的人与物)（另动词后缀，形容词比较级）leader领袖teenager青少年villager村民washer洗衣机heater加热器creeper爬行动物cashier出纳员barrier障碍glacier冰川2-or(表示人与物)governor省长，总督educator教育者conductor导体sailor海员detector探测器tractor拖拉机compressor压缩器11.–ant/-ent(动词+-ant/-ent表示从事…的人，施行某作用的物)assistant助手participant参与者inhabitant居民dependant依附物correspondent通讯员resident居民detergent洗涤剂12.-ian(名词+-an专长于..的人；信奉…的人)historian历史学家comedian喜剧演员civilian平民vegetarian素食者utilitarian功利主义者musician音乐家13.-ary(表示场所、地点；人与物)另形容词后缀anniversary周年纪念depositary存放处adversary对手missionary传教士glossary词汇表-ery(表示场所、地点；行为、状态、性质；身份)nursery托儿所bakery烤面包房robbery抢劫trickery欺诈bravery勇敢slavery奴隶身份cookery烹调法14.–ion/-ation/-sion/-tion(动词+表示行为、状态、或结果)preparation准备possession占有物cushion靠垫inflation通胀prediction预言;opposition,recognition;expansion,suspensionmodernization现代化normalization正常化(由-ize+-ation构成)expansion扩张collision碰撞(多数由以d或de结尾的动词变化而来)15.–dom(表示情况、状态、性质、身份；领域、集体、总称)wisdom智慧kingdom王国freedom自由devildom魔界16.-ee(表示人，有些有被动意思)employee雇员interviewee被接见者absentee缺席者retiree退休者17.-eer(表示专做某种工作的人)engineer工程师volunteer志愿者profiteer牟取暴利者18.-el(表示小；人；物；场所，地点)model模型parcel小包裹personnel全体人员scoundrel恶棍funnel漏斗tunnel隧道channel海峡、渠道19.-ess(名词+-ess表示女性或雌性)goddess女神hostess女主人mayoress女市长，市长夫人20.–hoodchildhood,neighborhood,fatherhood21.–ics(表示…学科)mechanics,politics,economics22.–ismidealism,optimism,Buddhism,journalism23.–istcommunist,artist,dentist24.–tudelongitude,gratitude,solitude25.–logybiology,zoology26.–mentmovement,development,equipment327.-nesswillingness,weakness28.–oryterritory,factory(亦作形容词后缀)29.–shiphardship,relationship,citizenship30.–ture,-uremixture,signature;departure,procedure形容词后缀（adj.suffixes）1.-able,-ible能…的，可…的changeable,respectablesensible,flexible2.-ous;-iousprosperous,disastrous;curious,obvious,3.-al,ical(兼作n后缀：refusal，criminal)personal,national,natural;typical,4.–anAmerican,German,urban5.-ant;-ent(与名词后缀ance,ence对应)resistant,ignorant,abundant,permanent,independent(-ant亦作名词后缀，指人：accountant,participant)6.-ary,-ar(-ary可作名词后缀：secretary,dictionary)particular,peculiar,imaginary,secondary,7.–ate(亦作名词，动词后缀：candidate,delegate;assassinate)considerate,fortunate,private8.–ic,-atic,-etic,-istichistoric;systematic,idiomatic;sympathetic,genetic;pacific,specific;realistic9.–tive,-sivetalktive,sensitive;expensive,impressive(亦作名词后缀：detective,motive)10.–ed(加在名词或动词后)talented,aged,retired,married11.–ern(表…方向的)eastern,western12.–fulskillful,powerful,doubtful,cheerful(亦作名词后缀，表示充满时的量：handful,mouthful)13.–ialinfluential,essential,partial14.–ian(属于某国的，某地的)Egyptian,Canadian(亦作名词后缀，指该地或该国的人)15.–idvivid,splendid,fluid16.–ilejuvenile,fragile,fertile17.–ingburning,exciting,surprising(亦作名词，介词后缀：shopping,feeling,printing;concerning,regarding,considering)18.–ishfoolish,childish,British(亦作动词后缀:nourish,establish,vanish)419.–lessjobless,restless,hopeless20.–ly(加在名词后)friendly,weekly,daily21.–oryadvisory,contradictory(亦作名词后缀)22.–proof防…waterproof,fireproof,soundproof23.–sometroublesome,darksome24.–ualactual,intellectual25.–wardupward,backward,inward26.–ysleepy,cloudy,windy动词后缀（verbsuffixes）1.-ateoriginate,participate,2.–enshorten,strengthen,darken(偶作adj后缀：golden,wooden)3.–fyidentify,classify,verify4.–izemodernize,normalize,organize副词词缀1.–lyproperly,namely2.–wardsdownwards,outwards3.–wiselikewise,clockwise,otherwise