语法填空解题技巧2

高考英语语法填空题专题讲座RationalCloze•1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态；•2、分析句子结构---主谓结构;•3、根据上下文把握空格意思。1.语法填空题—解题步骤2.语法填空题—空格设计纯空格介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词等虚词有提示词谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词等实词★有提示词的解题技巧分析句子结构上下文语境谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级有提示词3.Thelittleboypulled[33]________righthandoutofthepocket…(07深圳一模)考点一：冠词或(物主)代词•无提示词•可数名词单数之前1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled[40]__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.(07惠州一模)2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]________shy,nervousperfectionist.(08深圳二模)theahis考查语法点:名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。[技巧点拨]下列情况很可能填：(1)________+可数名词(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)________(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。考点分析不定冠词定冠词1He’s___amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe……2OnewaythatAmericansdothisiswith__firmhandshake.3Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.4hourhonestboy_____8-year-oldboyX-rayphoto/umbrella/Americananathean考点二：代词•无提示词•作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。•指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等考查语法点:代词的基本用法，缺主语，宾语或者表语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)考点分析1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(08广东)2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.(07广东)3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile…(09江门二模)itherme考点三.介词•无提示词•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语6.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]__________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…(07深二模)7.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback[34]_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.(08深圳一模)ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点四：连词或从句引导词•无提示词•两个主谓结构连接4.Itwasnotlong[39]_________thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.(07深圳一模)5.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,[39]_________MaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.(08深圳二模)6.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08广东)7.Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.(09广东)beforewhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法thatwhere[解题技巧](1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。考点分析注意：连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等[例1]…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso34CandidoPortinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.[例2]…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme36almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.(2008年深圳一模)解析：因与PabloPicasso(毕加索)与CandidoPortinari(坎迪多·波尔蒂纳里)这两个名词之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，应填and。解析：因meltedme和gaveme两个动宾短语之间没有连词，一定是填连词；两者是并列关系，故填and。考点五：谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(08深圳二模)3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东)wastoldkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results10.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattracticveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.closed考点六：非谓语动词•有提示词•除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.(07广州一模)2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!(07广二模)3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.(08深圳二模)4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模)receivingtocompleteincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析raised14.……____________(complet)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.Tocomplete16.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_____________(success.)tosucceed注意：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用todo形式。15.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould______(pass)theexaminations.topass注意：名词前有first,second,…last,only修饰时，后面要用todo/tohavedone做后置定语。17.Heisthelasttoleaveschool.18.Sheistheonlypersontogetthejob.考点七：词性转换•有提示词•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子19.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________(rude).(07深圳一模)20.Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…(07广州一模)21.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.(08惠二模)rudelyworstsuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化注意：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un—,im—等，在词根后加—less等。如：22.Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis________(use).23.Yourmistakecausedalotof________(necessary)workintheoffice.uselessunnecessary词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。dangerous24.Ina_________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto……25.Theremustbesomething_________(serious)wrongwithoursociety.seriously27.Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould….Hejumpedeven________(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.unnecessary26.Yourmistakecausedalotof__________