白皮书：《5G网络的开放生态》

Open5G：5G网络的开放生态1ExecutiveSummaryThreekeyapplicationscenariosin5Gbreaktheboundariesofcommunicationbetweenhumanbeingsintraditionalmobilecommunications,forcing5Gtosupportcommunicationofhuman-to-machine,andmachine-to-machine.However,variousapplicationscenariosandrequirementstogetherwithemerginglydiversifiedstandardsandtechnologiescallforanopen5G(Open5G)network,whichisfeaturedwithflexibilityandcustomization.Thiswhitepaperinvestigatestheconcepts,challengesandopportunitiesofOpen5Gnetwork.Themaincontributionsofthiswhitepaperissummarizedasfollows:(1)KeyconceptsofOpen5G:uponanalyzingthetechnicalrequirements,theconceptofopennetworksisprovidedfromthreedifferentopenlevels,namely,black-box,white-boxandgray-boxnetworks.Specifically,black-boxopennetworksprovidethird-partyapplicationsordeveloperswithsupportingservicesandkeynetworkcapabilitiesviaopenapplicationprogramminginterface(API).White-boxopennetworksrefertothefullyopennetwork,whichincludesopensourcesoftwaredevelopingandwhite-boxinghardwaredesign.Thegray-boxnetworkisanpartialopennetwork,wheretelecomoperatorsandtheequipmentmanufacturerscooperativelydesignthecustomizednetworkdevices.Then,theoverallobjectivesofopennetworkarchitecturearefiguredout.Drivenbydevelopingrequirements,opennetworkarchitectureshoulddecouplenetworkcapabilityprovidersandsolutionproviders,enablingtheformertoeffectivelydesignnetworkarchitectureswithfiniteresourcesandreducingthedependenceofthelatteronthetechnicaldetails.(2)EnablingtechnologiesofOpen5G:foropencorenetwork,3GPP5Gservice-basedarchitectureisdiscussedandthenMulteFire-basedbasestationandopencorenetworkadoptingdistributedmanagementsisprovided.Centralizedunit/distributedunit(CU/DU)architectureofopenradioaccessnetworkisdiscussed,featuredwithopenCU,openAPItoDU,andwhite-boxingremoteradiounit/activeantennaunit(RRU/AAU).Afterdefiningtheopenterminalfromtheviewofequipmentcapabilityandopenness,anopenterminalarchitectureisgiven,includingopensoftware/hardwareresourcearchitecture,andopenconfigurationandmanagementlayer.TheopenmethodsofphysicallayerareopenAPItofacilitateendtoendnetworkslicesandsoftwaredefinedairinterface(SDAI).Meanwhile,basedonsoftwaredefinedradioandSDAI,anopensmartphysicallayerarchitectureisproposed.Uponintroducingfreeopensourcehardware(FOSH)platform,therequirementsofOpen5Ghardwareplatformaresummarizedandtheopenhardwarearchitectureispresented.(3)UsecaseforOpen5G:thedefinitionofopensourceandopenAPIandtherelationshipOpen5G：5G网络的开放生态2betweenthemareclarified.Then,theusecaseforOpen5Gfromdifferentcorporationsandinstitutionsispresented,includingOneNET,ChinaTelecom5GSDRplatform,mH-IoTplatform,TCL5GSDRplatform,andsuperBSplatform.Opensourceandopennessofsoftware/hardwareecosystemfor5Gnetworkarestillintheirinfantstage,so,currently,therearestillmanydifferentdefinitionsandsolutions.Thiswhitepaperaimsattoteaseoutandanalyzekeyconcepts,thepossiblesolutions,andtechnicalchallenges,providingaguidanceforbuildingopenecosystemfor5Gnetworksinthefuture.Open5G：5G网络的开放生态3目录ExecutiveSummary.....................................................................................................................11引言.........................................................................................................................................52开放网络的基本概念.............................................................................................................72.1开放网络基本内涵....................................................................................................72.1.1面向5G演进的技术需求分析............................................................................72.1.2能力开放的黑盒网络.........................................................................................92.1.3完全开放的白盒网络.......................................................................................102.1.4半开放半封闭的灰盒网络...............................................................................102.2开放网络架构的总体目标......................................................................................112.3SDN/NFV................................................................................................................123开放式核心网.......................................................................................................................134开放式无线接入网...............................................................................................................144.1Open-RAN（ORAN）开放式无线网络概述........................................................144.2开放的CU提升行业竞争力....................................................................................144.3开放接口的DU提升网络性能................................................................................164.4白盒化的RRU/AAU降低成本................................................................................165开放式终端侧使能技术.......................................................................................................165.1开放式终端侧的内涵与外延..................................................................................165.2开放式终端侧使能技术.......................................