2014・新课标高考总复习・英语写作专项攻略五润色提升

2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）要想把一篇文章写好，不仅要注意行文通顺与连贯、过渡与衔接等，还要对文章进行润色，尝试使用高级词汇和复杂句式，以增加文章的亮点，给阅卷者留下深刻的印象。一、巧设开头和结尾1．开头常见的开头方式有开门见山式、描述主题式、提供背景知识式、小故事引导式、提出问题式、设置悬念式、倒叙式和名言引入式等。虽然开头有着各式各样的风格，不能千篇一律，要因不同文章的需要而各异，但又有其共同遵循的原则：①开头多是通篇文章内容的摘要；②开头常能展示文章的主题；③开头应能抓住读者的注意力，引导读者读下去。用于文章开头的句型有：(1)Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof...；Thosewhoobjectto...arguethat...；Theybelievethat...；Butpeoplewhofavor...，ontheotherhand，arguethat...2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）(2)Facedwith...，quiteafewpeoplearguethat...；Butotherpeopleconceivedifferently.(3)Currentlythereisawidespreadconcernthat...(4)Nowpeopleingrowingnumberarecomingtorealizethat...(5)Nowitiscommonlyheldthat...；ButIdoubtwhether...(6)Recentlytheissueof...hasbeenbroughttopublicattention.(7)Sb.argues/maintains/holds/insists/believesthat...Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharethisbelief.(8)Moreandmorepeoplearerealizing/havecometorealize...(9)Thereisnodenying/doubtthat...2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）2．结尾结尾的方法有很多，如总结式、重复式、结论式、暗示式和求解式等。结尾一般是文章的升华或对文章主题的归纳，也是写好文章的关键。好的结尾能唤起读者共鸣，深化主题，给人回味，引人深思。用于文章结尾的句型有：(1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/takingintoaccountallthesefactors，wemaysafelyarriveat/draw/cometo/reachtheconclusionthat...(2)Itishightimethatweputconsiderable/great/specialemphasison...(3)Wemustlookforallimmediatemethod，becausethepresentsituationof...ifpermittedtocontinue，willsureleadto/resultin...(4)Manysolutions/methodsarebeingofferedhere，allofthemmakesomesense，butnoneisquitesatisfactory.Theproblemshouldbeexaminedinanewway.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）(5)Thereisnoimmediatesolutiontotheproblemof...，but...mightbehelpful/beneficial.(6)Noeasymethodcanbeathandtosolvetheproblemof...，butthegeneralawarenessofthenecessity/importanceof...mightbethefirststepontherightway.(7)Thereislittledoubt/denyingthat...(8)Itis，therefore，obvious/evidentthatthetaskof...requireimmediateattention.(9)Asfaras...beconcerned，Ibelieve/thinkthat...(10)Inconclusion，...(11)Inmyopinion，Iaminfavorof...(12)Personally，Ipreferto...(13)Inshort，...shouldlearnto...；Onlyinthiswaycanthemostdifficultproblemsbesolvedproperly.(14)AsfarasIamconcerned，Iagreewiththeopinionthat...2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）二、准确地道的英美式表达1．注意区分同义词、近义词的细微差异alittleboy小男孩(有可爱之意)asmallboy小男孩(强调身材瘦小)2．恰当使用限定词用词准确，从另一个角度来讲就是要使论述客观、适度，这就需要考生适当使用一些限定词，以避免观点的绝对化，从而提高说服力和可信度。Heisthetopstudentinourclass.→Heisoneofthetopstudentsinourclass.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）3．注意词语的习惯搭配用词准确不仅要求考生掌握具体单词的含义，还要熟悉词语的习惯搭配，一定要避免受汉语影响而出现错误。Nobodyistobeblamedforit.(F)Nobodyistoblameforit.(T)4．避免口语化高考作文一般应该使用较正式的书面文体，因此在写作时要避免使用口语化的词汇。Thisisthebesthotelyoucanfindhere.Youcan'tfindabetterhotelhere.或Nowhereelsecanyoufindabetterhotel.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）5．避免赘言啰嗦赘句是指用词不简练。表达某一思想，本来只需要一两个词，却用了冗长的词组或者从句，如repeatagain，returnback，stillremain，veryperfect等。2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）三、提升表达结构1．变简单句为并列句或复合句。Naturalresourcesareverylimited.Theywillbeexhaustedinthenearfuture.Itisnottrue.Butitbecomesamajorconcernaroundtheworld.Thisisawidelyacceptedfact.→Itisawidelyacceptedfactthatthereisamajorconcernaroundtheworldfortheexhaustionoflimitednaturalresourcesinthenearfuture，thoughitisunlikelytobetrue.2．借用关键词汇(介词，不定式等)压缩句子长度，提升句子品味。Theflathasanareaof25squaremetresandthereisabedroom，abathroom，andakitcheninit.Theflathasanareaof25squaremetreswithabedroom，abathroomandakitchen.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）3．语态互换Someonesawhimstudyinghardinhisstudy.→Hewasseenstudyinghardinhisstudy.4．语序调整Thescholardidn'twriteasinglepaperthewholeterm.→Notasinglepaperdidthescholarwritethewholeterm.5．强调句式Youmustwritetomewhenyougetthere.→Doremembertowritetomewhenyougetthere.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）6．感叹及省略Timeflieslikeanarrow.→Howtimeflies!Lookoutforcarswhenyouarecrossingthestreet.→Lookoutforcarswhencrossingthestreet.7．语气虚拟Youdidn'ttakemyadvice，soyoufailedintheexam.→Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice，youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.8．非谓语动词的使用Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.→Singingandlaughing，theywentbacktoschool.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）9．插入语Ithinkthebookiswellworthreading.→Thebook，inmyopinion，iswellworthreading.10．格言警句的套用(1)Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。(2)Everycoinhastwosides.凡事皆有好坏。(3)Nopains，nogains.不劳无获。(4)It'snevertoolatetolearn.活到老学到老。(5)Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。(6)Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.学无止境。2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）(7)Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实胜于雄辩。(8)Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。11．句式调换Hecamehereat5pmyesterday.→Hedidn'tcomehereuntil5pmyesterday.→Notuntil/till5pmdidhecomehereyesterday.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）Ⅰ.按要求改写句子1．Peoplethroughoutthecountryhavegreatlydemandedallkindsofnutritiousfood.(therebe句型)→2．Hefellasleep.Thelightswerestillon.(with的复合结构)→3．BecauseIhavelotsofworktodo，Ihavetoworkextrahours.(非谓语)→4．ThoughI'mweak，I'llmaketheeffort.(使用倒装句改写)→Thereisagreatdemandacrossthecountryforallkindsofnutritiousfood.Hefellasleepwiththelightson.Lotsofworktodo，Ihavetoworkextrahours.WeakasIam，I'llmaketheeffort.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）5．Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型Itwas...)→Ⅱ.句式提升(使用较高级的结构使其简洁，连贯，紧凑)1．It'saflatof25squaremeters.Thereisabedroomintheflat.Thereisabathroomandakitcheninit，too.Inthebedroom，thereisabed;thereisasofa，adeskandachairaswell.I