深圳沪教牛津英语八上知识汇总

1of108Aunit1短语归纳Beborn出生inthecountryside在农村forexample例如morethan多于Humanbeing人类dieout灭绝comeoutof从…..出来attheendof在什么的末端justlike正如somethingimportant重要的事befamousfor以……而闻名some….others一些……..一些howlong多长时间findout了解wouldliketo想要nextto紧挨着，在旁边goforawalk去散步looklike看起来像（p11）takepicturesof给……..拍照lookat看……lookup查阅用法集萃Learntodosth学习做某事As+anj/adv+as与…….一样………LiketodosthUsedtodosthSomuch+不可数名词Helpsbtodosth帮助某人做某事Itbe+adj(forsb)+todosth（对某人来说）做某事是…….的Makesbdosth使某人做某事Anumberof+名词复数许多………..语法SomeandAnyIhavesomequestionsaboutdinosoursDotheyhaveanyquestionsaboutdinosaurs?Wouldyoulikesometeq?Wedon’thaveanybread。Some和anySome一般用于肯定句和表示请求，建议并希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。DavidhassomefriendsinShanghai.MayIhavesomechicken?Wouldyoulikesomenoodles?Whataboutsomecoffee?Any一般用于否定和疑问句中Manyhasn’tgotanypensAny还可以表示任何的，任一的Anycolourisok2of10Unit2短语归纳Playchess下国际象棋Challenge……to…向（某人）挑战Andsoon等等Lookat看….Inayear一年后Not….anymore不再Takeplace发生Copydown抄写Atfirst起初Theamountof…..的数量Alongtimeago很早以前Wouldlike想要Talkto和…….交谈Take….to带……去…….Fromthenon从那以后Allyeararound一年到头Both….and…….和….都Trafficaccidents交通事故Inthisway用这种方式Sothat为了，以便用法集萃Ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事Alittle+不可数名词一点……..Usesthtodosth用某物做某事Promisetodosth许诺做某事makeapromise许下诺言Lovetodosth喜欢做某事Helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事Make+宾语+形容词使某人/某物…..Liketodosth喜欢做某事Thenumberof……的数量Begintodosth开始做某事辨析Inthisway用这种方法OnlyinthiswaycanwedobetterinEnglishIntheway挡道Look,acarisinthewayOntheway在路上ImetmyuncleonthewaytoschoolBytheway顺便说一下Bytheway,whattimeisit?语法基数词Onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyonehundred序数词Firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftieth3of10sixtiethseventietheightiethninetieth表示顺序：Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear表示第几次ThisismysecondtimetovisitNanjingMrLinlivesonthefifthfloor表示又再Youwillhavetodoitasecondtime你将不得不把它再做一次。表示日期TodayisthefifthofMarch表示编号时Let’sstudythefifthlesson=Let’sstudyLesssonFiveUnit3短语归纳Beshortof缺少Workas从事….工作Dependon依靠Forexample例如Bemadeof由…..制成Howoften多久一次Infrontof在….的前面Talktosb和某人交谈Pocketmoney零花钱Beunawareof没意识到Inaddition除……以外（还）Grandtatal总共Whatabout……怎么样？Playcomputergames玩电脑游戏Bebadfor对….有害Talkabout谈论用法集萃Oneof+名词复数……之一Become+形容词变得(类似turn,get)Beabletodosth能够做某事Leantodosth学会做某事Much+形容词比较级……得多Howmuch+不可数多少Lookforwardtodoingsth盼望……Spend+time+indoingsth花时间某事Ihope+句子我希望………..Stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事4of10语法NowcomputersarebecomingsmallerandbetterButitworksatamuchfasterspeedthanmyoldoneWhichkindofcomputersarebetter,desktopsorlaptops?Thisisthemostexpensivemodel1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化构成原级比较级最高级一般加er,estlonglongerlongest以不发音的e结尾的词加r,stnicenicernicest辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i,再加er,esthappyhappierhappiest重读闭音节词,末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加er,estbigbiggerbiggest多音节和部分双音节词，在原级前加more,mostinterestingmoreinterestingmostinteresting(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstMany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarFarther/furtherFarthest/furthestoldOlder/elderOldest/eldest两进行比较用比较级，通常有than三者或以上比较，用最高级，通常有in,of比较级前可以用much,alittle,abit,even,far等修饰。Thepatientfeelsabitbettertoday形容词最高级前一般要加the,但当有物主代词，名词所有格修饰的时候，则不用定冠词theThisismybusiestday5of10Unit4短语归纳Lightbulb电灯泡Inhistory在历史上Atthestartof在…..初期Eachother彼此Mobilephone手机Sincethen从那以后Millionsof数百万的Inthedaytime在白天Keepintouchwith与….保持联系Atthesametime同时Keep……off使不接近、远离Makenoises发出噪音Infrontof在……前面Inashortertime在较短时间内Throwaway扔掉Inthefuture在将来Turninto变成Allthetime一直Rightnow现在Leadto导致Makeamess弄得一团糟Leadto导致，引起Withthehelpof在…..的帮助下用法集萃Helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事Begintodosth开始做某事Allowsbtodosth充许某人做某事Asmany+可数名词复数+as+onecan尽可能多……Imaginedoingsth想象做某事Feel+形容词觉得….The+姓氏复数表示一家人Makesbdosth让某人做某事要点sucha/an+形容词+单数名词形容词+不可数名词形容词+复数名词so形容词/副词形容词+a/an单数名词Many/few/much/little(少)+可数复数/不可数名词6of10Unit5短语归纳Flyto飞往Hostfamily寄宿家庭Longenough足够长Agroupof一群…..Makefriendswithsb与某人交朋友Befriendlytosb对某人友好Benervous紧张Placesofinterest名胜古迹Alittle一点Sofar到目前为止Introducesbto把某人介绍给Keepintouchwithsb与某人保持联系Oneanother相互Comeoverto从……到…..Beproudof以……为自豪Abitof一点Thesame+单数名词+as与…….一样Therestof剩余的….Abit一点Getreadyforsth为某事做准备Between…and在…..和……之前Arriveat到达Bepolitetosb对某人有礼貌Oneandahalfyears一年半Ontime按时，准时Worryaboutsb/sth担心某人/某事Ontime按时，准时Applyforsth申请某物Dealwith对待，处理Fillin填写用法集萃Whynotdosth?为什么不做某事？Whatdoyouthinkofsb/sth？你认为某人或某物怎么样？Spendtimedoingsth花费时间做某事.Trytodosth尽力去做某事Plantodosth计划做某事Keepondoingsth不断地做某事Can’twaittodosth迫不及待地做某事Practisedoingsth练习做某事疑问词+动词不定式结构辨析Alittle,little,afew,afew,abitof,abitAlittle修饰形容词，副词的原级，比较级一点修饰单数名词，表示小的Alittleboyfoundyourkey修饰不可数名词肯定，不多的little修饰不可数名词否定，几乎没有Afew修饰可数名词肯定，几个，一些few否定，少数的Abitof修饰不可数一点Abit修饰形容词，副词的原级，比较级有点7of10语法IhavemetlotsofChinesestudentsWhathaveyoulearnt?现在完成时表示的是过去发生的动作一直接续到现在，甚至还可能挂线下去，它强调这个动作对现在产生的影响或结果。1.构成（1）现在完成时由have/has+过去分词构成（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：just，yet,lately,ever,recently,already,bythistime,onlytwice,eversince,foralongtime,sincethen,sofar,inthepast/lastfewyearsunit6短语归纳inaccienttimes在古代thedifferencesbetween…and…与…..之前的区别somuch如此多的pull……into把……..拉入/拖入exceptfor除了……以外onebyone一个接一个inthefuture将来have