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语法Unit1LanguageThepastcontinuoustense过去进行时用法一过去的某一个时间点和过去的某一个时间段所进行的行动。结成:was/were+doing例子:atthistimeyesterdayat8:00lastnightfromlastAugusttoSeptermberwhile的用法句子中前后动作的时候是过去某个时间同时进行例子:Iwassleepingwhileshewasgettingreadytogoout.when的用法当一个长动作发生的时候,同时短动作进行,长动作用过去进行时,短动作用过去时例子:Whatwereyoudoingwhenthealarmwentoff?总结过去进行时是过去的某一个时间/过去某一个时间段以外,还常与when,while,意思是“当.......之时”,while后面一般延续性动词连用进行时,when后面跟延续性动词,也于跟feel,look,sound等动词,常用过去时。练习(1)1._____you______{prepare}lunchfor50people,atthistimeyerterday.2.Iwassleeping_____{when;while}she______readytogoout.3.I______(walk)inthestreet,Iwhen______(meet)myoldfriend.WerepreparingwhilewaswalkingmetUnit2LanguageAUsingadjectives一,概括•adj表示人和事物的特点,对各词起修饰和描绘作用,在句中作用1.定语(n)2.表语(此动词后)例子:ThisisaninterestingcatroonfilmThiscartoonfilmisinteresting常见的系动词1.be(is/are/was/were)2.感官动词(feel/look/smell/taste/sound)3.表示“看起来像”这一概念的动词:seem/appear/look4.表示“变化”的动词(grow,get,turn,become,fall,go)5.表示“keep(keep,remain,stay)四形容词+动词不定式两种常用句型1.It's+adj+for+sb+todosth2.It's+adj+ofsb+todosth笔记“主语+系动词+形容词+todo”“…怎么样”练习(2)1.pleaselookatthescrieen_____{care},thepictureonitlooks______{beautiful}.2.你天黑后单独出门是危险的。It's_____________you_____________________________afterdark.1.英语是不容易学的Englishis________________________dangerousfortogooutalonecarefullybeautifullynoteasytolearnUnit3Language直接引语变间接引语直接引语和间接引语概述我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式:1、直接引语:直接引述别人的话语,并置于引号之内。2、间接引语:用自己的语言转述别人的话语。Shesaid,“Icanrideabike.”Shesaid(that)shecouldrideabike.连词①直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:②2.直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:that不变特殊疑问词wh-陈述(即主语在前,谓语在后)连词3.直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法引导词为:语序:if或whether陈述(即主语在前,谓语在后)注意:与or或ornot连用时,不用if,要用whether.补充知识:时态的变化引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时,间接引语的时态不变。引述动词如果用一般过去时,间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。具体变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时人称变化直接引语代词Iweyoumeusthisthese间接引语代词he/shetheyIhim/herthemthatthose时态主句一般现在时从句时态不变主句一般过去时从句过去的任何时态DirectspeechReportedspeechnowtodaytonightthismorning/weektomorrowyesterdaylastmonthagoherethenthatdaythatnightthatmorning/weekthefollowingday/thenextdaythedaybeforethemonthbeforebeforethereAdverbialchanges:although和thoughthough和although都可以表示“虽然”,但不要根据汉语习惯,在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用例如:(错)Although/Thoughhewastired,buthestillwentonworking.(对)Although/thoughhewastired,hestillwentonworking.第三点although只用作连词,而though还可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意为“可是、不过”练习(3)1.Althoughtheyaretired,______theyarestillworkinginthefield.A.butB.不填C.andD.so2._____Inotmanydifficulfes,_______Ifinishmyjobsuccessfully.A.Although,butB.Although;/C./;thoughD.But;/BB3.Itwasaquiteparty,Ihadagoodtime,____A.athoughB.ButC./D.thoughD直接引语和间接引语第二课时祈使句变间接引语①tellsbtodosthasksbtodosthordersbtodosthDirectspeechReportedspeechnowtodaytonightthismorning/weektomorrowyesterdaylastmonthagoherethenthatdaythatnightthatmorning/weekthefollowingday/thenextdaythedaybeforethemonthbeforebeforethereAdverbialchanges:练习(4)1.Theclassteacher_____lateforschoolagain.A.toldmetonotdoB.toldmenottoC.nottoldmetobeD.toldmenottobeC2.妈妈叫我不要和妹妹吵架Mymum____________________________________mysisiter.3.Janetoldmethatshetakepartintheparty_______.A.thedayagoB.thedaybeforeC.beforethedaytoldmenottoarguewithB否定前移否定前移:当主句中的主语是I或we,谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,guess,consider,expect等词时,宾语从句的否定词not要前移到主句中。注意谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定不可以前移。例如:Ihopeyouweren'till.练习(5)1.I______I_____youbefore.A.think;didn'tseeB.don'tthink,sawC.thinkhaven'tseenD.don'tthingk,haveseenD2.我以为他没有时间和你一起去购物I____________she____________togoshoppingwithyou.don'tthinkhastime笔记如果If条件句谈论的是一种真实或真理或客观真实时,主语谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形,而用一般现在时的动词形式。例如:Ifyouheatmetal,itmelts.笔记51.在if引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其发生的事的相关结果,从句用一般将来时态。例如:Ifheruns,he'llgetthereintime.Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.注意(1)if引导的是条件状语从句位置灵活,可放于句首,也可以位于主句的后面。(2)if从句位于句首时,后面通常加逗号,和主句隔开。练习(6)(1)Ifyou______ice,it_______intowaterA.heat,isturningB.heat,turnC.heat,turnsD.heat,willturnc(2)Ifshe_____tomorrow,I_______youatonce.A.comes,willtellB.comes,tellC.willcome,tellD.willcome,willtellA(3)如果明天下雨,她将不去爬山。_______it________tomorrow,he_______climbing.Ifrainswon'tgo
本文标题:初二英语下册期末复习(语法)
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