八年级现在完成时态(Ppt)

thePresentPerfectTense现在完成时概念一.基本结构：用法2：二、用法1：标志词：标志词：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。already,yet,just,ever,never,before过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。for,since,since…ago助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。eg.①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready⑤I’vejustlostmymathbook.过去分词1.规则变化与过去式相同;（1.）在词尾加-ed（2.）以e结尾的加-d(3.)重读闭音节双写词尾加ed（4.）辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加-ed；元音字母加y结尾的直接加-ed2.不规则变化比较多,如:一、AAA型（原形→原形→原形）（8）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思readreadread读cutcutcut切，割,letletlet让，允许putputput放costcostcost花费，值hithithit撞，击shutshutshut关门，窗等hurthurthurt使…伤痛二、ABA型（原形→过去式→原形）(3)原形过去式过去分词汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑三、ABC型1.ow→ew→own（5）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道；了解flyflewflown飞2.i→a→u（5）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话3.原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n（8）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bearboreborn出生wearworeworn穿forgetforgotforgotten/forgot忘记getgotgot/gotten得到speakspokespoken说freezefrozefrozen冻choosechosechosen选择4.原形→过去式→原形+(e)n（10）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思eatateeaten吃givegavegiven给rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven开车；驾驶writewrotewritten写seesawseen看见fallfellfallen落下taketooktaken拿；花费shakeshookshaken摇晃riseroserisen升起；上升5.无规律（3）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/is/arewasbeen是do/doesdiddone做gowentgone走四、ABB型1.原形→ought→ought（4）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考2.原形→aught→aught（2）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catchcaughtcaught捉;接住teachtaughttaught教3.变其中一个元音字母（7）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feedfedfed喂meetmetmet遇见holdheldheld拥有babysitbabysatbabysat临时照看sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现4.原形→lt→□lt（5）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫leaveleftleft离开5.变其中一个辅音字母（7）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费lendlentlent借给（出）原形(9)过去式过去分词汉语意思have/hashadhad有loselostlost丢失laylaidlaid下蛋paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood理解,明白五、有两种形式的（8）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思hanghangedhanged吊死hunghung挂learnlearnedlearned学learntlearntlieliedlied说谎laylain躺spellspelledspelled拼写speltspeltburnburnedburned烧burntburntsmellsmelledsmelled闻smeltsmeltdreamdreameddreamed做梦dreamtdreamtlightlitlit点燃lightedlighted六.AAB型（1）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败七、情态动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意思cancould∕能maymight∕也许must∕∕必须shallshould∕将要willwould∕会1Theroomiscold.Who——————（open）thewindow？2He_____go）tothecinema.3____you_____（put）awaymydictionary?4.We________(notfinish)theworkyet.5.I________(see)theplay.I_____(see)itlastmonthwithmysister.6.Iamnothungry.I____just____(have)mydinner.7.Don’tworry.Thetrain____(arrive)yet.用法一1.我已经看过这部电影。Ialreadythefilm.haveseen2.你已经浇过花了吗？youtheflowersyet?Havewatered3.他刚刚完成了家庭作业。Hejusthishomework.hasfinished4.我们曾经去过五仙山。WeevertotheWuxianHills.havebeen5.李雷从不抽烟。Lileinever.hassmoked一、当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:yesterday(昨天),justnow(刚才)，anhourago（一个小时前）,lastyear(去年);etc.如：Wefinishedourworklastweek.Theplanetookofftenminutesago.2.飞机十分钟前起飞了。1.我们上周完成了我们的工作。Theywentswimmingyesterday.3.昨天，她们去游泳了。比较1练习11.他去过两次泸州。2.他们去了办公室，将很快回来。3.他在中国四年了。He____________Luzhou_____.hasbeentotwiceThey_______________theoffice.They__________backsoon.havegonetowillcomeHe_______________China_____fouryears.hasbeeninfor4.自从两年前以来，我就买了这块手表。I___________thewatch_____twoyears____.havehadsinceago5.他已经离开一小时了。He____________________anhour.hasbeenawayfor用法二1.我学习英语达到3年了。IEnglishfor3years.havelearned2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。Weforhimsince9:00.havewaitedWeforhimsince9:00.havewaitingbeenIEnglishfor3years.havebeenlearning3.自从两周前以来，他就在练习打篮球。Hebasketballsince2weeksago.haspracticed4.自从Lucy来中国以来，她就结交了许多朋友。ShemanyfriendssinceLucycametoChina.hasmade用法二一段时间的表达方法有两种:1.for+一段时间，如：达到3年for3years2.since+过去的某一时刻,如：自从上周以来sincelastweeksinceLucycametoChinasince+一般过去时态的从句,如：自从Lucy来中国以来注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间，对它们提问都用短语：如：HowlongIhavestudiedEnglishfor3years.(对划线部分提问)haveyoustudiedEnglish?longHow动词转换结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是可以转换成相应的延续性动词或短语。如：buy-,borrow-,leave-,come-,begin-,die-,join-.1.他来中国半年了。HecomesChinaforhalfayear.改为：。havekeep2.李雷买这本字典3天了。LiLeihasboughtadictionaryfor3years.改为：。beawaybeinbeonbedeadbeamemberofhasbeeninhad3.他的爷爷去世3年了。Hisgrandpahasdiedfor3years.改：。beendead比较2二、现在完成进行时态，如：三、过去完成时态，如：1.当我赶到车站时，公共汽车已经开走了。WhenIhurriedtothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.2.当我醒来时，妈妈已经上班去了。WhenIwakeup,motherhadalreadygonetowork.1.我学习英语达到3年了。IEnglishfor3years.havebeenlearning2.自从9点钟以来，我们就在这儿等他。Weforhimsince9:00.havewaitedWeforhimsince9:00.havewaitingbeen练习12341.A:Imypurse.(lose)B:Whatapity.Whenyouit?(lose)A:Iitthismorning.(lose)练习2havelostdidloselost2.A:Ihavewatchedthegame.B:When____you____it?A.havewatchedB.dowatchC.didwatch3.A:AnnhasgonetoShanghai.B:Soherparents.（填词）4.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouhaveBC1.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.lives2.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasbeendeadC.hasdied3.A:WhereisHanMeinow?B:She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenCgoes4.A:totheUnitedState