列管式换热器设计说明书

列管式换热器设计说明书1摘要：列管式换热器属于间壁式换热器，冷热流体通过换热管壁进行热量的交换。参照任务书的任务量,需设计年冷却15000吨乙醇的列管式换热器，设计时先确定流体流程，壳程走乙醇，其进、出口温度都为80℃，相变放出潜热，井水走管程冷却乙醇，进口温度为32℃，出口温度为40℃。再进行热量衡算、传热系数校核，初选冷凝器的型号，然后通过进行设备强度校核等一系列的计算和选型，最终确定的设计方案为固定管板式换热器，所选用型号为BEM400-2.5-30-9/25-2Ⅰ，换热器壳径为400mm，总换热面积为27.79m2,管程为2，管子总根数为60，管长6000mm,管束为正三角排列，两端封头选取标准椭圆封头。关键词：列管式换热器，乙醇，水，温度，固定管板式。Abstract:Thetubetypeheatexchangerisadividingwalltypeheatexchanger,fluidswithdifferenttemperaturesexchangeheatbymeansoftubewall’sheattransfer.Accordingtotheassignment,Atubetypeheatexchangerwhichhasaprocesscapacityof.41510t/aisneeded.Theethanolflowintheshell,thetemperatureintheentranceandexitsis80℃.Thewaterwhichcooltheethanolflowintubes,theinletandoutlettemperaturesare32℃and40℃.Thenbytakingseriescalculatingtoconfirmthemoduleoftheheatexchanger.Afterthedesignofintensitydesigningandaseriescalculatingandchoosing,thelastresultofourdesignisthefasten-boardheatexchanger.Thestyleoftheheatexchangeis9BEM4002.530225Ⅰ,andthediameterofthereceiveris400mm,Theareaoftheheatexchangeis27.79m2,Theheat-exchangerincludestwotubepasses,oneshellpassesand60tubes.Andthelengthoftubesis6000mm.Tubesarerankedoftheshapeoftriangle，theenvelopsareoval-shaped.列管式换热器设计说明书2目录1前言........................................................................................................................................32设计条件................................................................................................................................33设计方案的确定....................................................................................................................33.1设计原则.....................................................................................................................33.2结构初选.....................................................................................................................44列管式换热器的设计计算..................................................................................................104.1列管式换热器型号的初选.......................................................................................104.2核算总传热系数：...................................................................................................135列管式换热器的初步计算及选型......................................................................................155.1试算并初选换热器规格...........................................................................................155.2设计校核...................................................................................................................196设备尺寸的确定及强度校核..............................................................................................226.1计算圆筒厚度...........................................................................................................226.2封头设计...................................................................................................................236.3拉杆定距管尺寸.......................................................................................................246.4管板...........................................................................................................................256.5容器法兰...................................................................................................................266.6接管与接管补强.......................................................................................................276.7管箱的计算...............................................................................................................336.8折流挡板...................................................................................................................336.9焊接方式...................................................................................................................346.10支座.........................................................................................................................346.11辅助设备.................................................................................................................387设计结果概要......................................................................................................................398课程设计心得......................................................................................................................409参考文献..............................................................................................................................42列管式换热器设计说明书31前言艰辛知人生，实践长才干。任何时候实践都是知识创新的源泉，是检验真理的试金石，是锻炼成长的有效途经。大学是一个提升学生综合能力的平台，在给学生授知识解疑惑的过程中，学校领导及教师们高度重视学生的实践环节，譬如开设认知实习、课程设计等课程。化工原理课程设计是一门培养学生综合运用所学知识来发现、提出、分析和解决实际问题能力的学科,是全校师生高度重视的一门实践课。整个设计过程是提升学生实践能力的重要环节，也是对学生实际工作能力的具体训练和考察过程。2设计条件处理能力：41.510吨95%乙醇蒸汽设备型式：立式列管式换热器操作条件：（1）乙醇蒸汽：Dx95%,冷凝温度80℃，冷凝液于80℃下离开冷凝器（2）冷却介质：井水，入口温度32℃，出口温度40℃（3）允许压强降：不大于510Pa（4）每年按330天计算，每天24小时连续进行（5）热损失为总传热速率的5%（6）设备最大承受压力：P=2.5MPa3设计方案的确定3.1设计原则：3.1.1满足工艺和操作的要求设计出来的流程和设备首先要保证质量，操作稳定，这就必须配置必要的阀列管式换热器设计说明书4门和计量仪表等，并自确定方案时，考虑到各种流体的流量，温度和压强变化使采取什么措施来调节，而在设备发生故障时，加修应方便。3.1.2满足经济上的要求在确定某些操作指标和治标和选定设备型式以及仪表配置时，要有经济核算的观点，既能满足工艺和操作要求，又使施工简便，材料来源容易,造价低廉。如果有废热可以利用，要尽量节省热能，充分利用，或者采