2020年全国硕士研究生入学考试考研英语二(及答案详细解析)

12020年全国硕士研究生入学考试考研英语二(及答案详细解析)SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Beingagoodparentis,ofcourse,whateveryparentwouldliketobe.Butdefiningwhatitmeanstobeagoodparentisundoubtedlyvery__1__,particularlysincechildrenresponddifferentlytothesamestyleofparenting.Acalm,rule-followingchildmightrespondbettertoadifferentsortofparentingthan,__2__,ayoungersibling.__3__,there’sanothersortofparentthat’sabiteasierto__4__:apatientparent.Childrenofeveryagebenefitfrompatientparenting.Still,__5__everyparentwouldliketobepatient,thisisnoeasy__6__.Sometimesparentsgetexhaustedandfrustratedandareunabletomaintaina__7__andcomposedstylewiththeirkids.Iunderstandthis.You’reonlyhuman,andsometimesyourkidscan__8__youjustalittletoofar.Andthenthe__9__happens:Youloseyourpatienceandeitherscreamatyourkidsorsaysomethingthatwasabittoo__10__anddoesnobodyanygood.Youwishthatyoucould__11__theclockandstartover.We’veallbeenthere.__12__,eventhoughit’scommon,it’simportanttokeepinmindthatinasinglemomentoffatigue,youcansaysomethingtoyourchildthatyoumay__13__foralongtime.Thismaynotonlydodamagetoyourrelationshipwithyourchildbutalso__14__yourchild’sself-esteem.Ifyouconsistentlyloseyour__15__withyourkids,thenyouareinadvertentlymodelingalackofemotionalcontrolforyourkids.Weareallbecomingincreasinglyawareofthe__16__ofmodelingtoleranceandpatiencefortheyoungergeneration.Thisisaskillthatwillhelpthemallthroughoutlife.Infact,theabilitytoemotionallyregulateormaintainemotionalcontrolwhen__17__bystressisoneofthemostimportantofalllife’sskills.Certainly,it’sincredibly__18__tomaintainpatienceatalltimeswithyourchildren.Amorepracticalgoalistotry,tothebestofyourability,tobeastolerantandcomposedasyoucanwhenfacedwith__19__situationsinvolvingyourchildren.Icanpromiseyouthis:Asaresultofworkingtowardthisgoal,youandyourchildrenwillbenefitand__20__fromstressfulmomentsfeelingbetterphysicallyandemotionally.1.AtediousBpleasantCinstructiveDtricky2.AinadditionBforexampleCatonceDbyaccident13.AfortunatelyBoccasionallyCaccordinglyDeventually4.AamuseBassistCdescribeDtrain5.AwhileBbecauseCunlessDonce6.AanswerBtaskCchoiceDaccess7.AtolerantBformalCrigidDcritical8.AmoveBdragCpushDsend9.AmysteriousBillogicalCsuspiciousDinevitable10.AboringBnaiveCharshDvague11.AturnbackBtakeapartCsetasideDcoverup12.AoverallBinsteadChoweverDotherwise13.AlikeBmissCbelieveDregret14.AraiseBaffectCjustifyDreflect15.AtimeBbondCraceDcool16.AnatureBsecretCimportanceDcontext17.AcheatedBdefeatedCconfusedDconfronted18.AterribleBhardCstrangeDwrong19.AtryingBchangingCexcitingDsurprising20.AhideBemergeCwithdrawDescapeSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）Text1Ratsandotheranimalsneedtobehighlyattunedtosocialsignalsfromotherssothatcanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandenemiestoavoid.Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LolehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsformroboticrats.Theyhousedeightadultratswithtwotypesofroboticrat-onesocialandoneasocial-for5ourdays.2Therobotsratswerequiteminimalist,resemblingachunkierversionofacomputermousewithwheels-tomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcageddoorstolettrappedratsescape.Meanwhile,theasocialrobotsimplymovedforwardsandbackwardsandsidetosideNext,theresearcherstrappedtherobotsincagesandgavetheratstheopportunitytoreleasethembypressingalever.Across18trialseach,thelivingratswere52percentmorelikelyonaveragetosetthesocialrobotfreethantheasocialone.Thissuggeststhattheratsperceivedthesocialrobotasagenuinesocialbeing.Theymayhavebondedmorewiththesocialrobotbecauseitdisplayedbehaviourslikecommunalexploringandplaying.Thiscouldleadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavourwhentheygettrapped,saysQuinn.Thereadinessoftheratstobefriendthesocialrobotwassurprisinggivenitsminimaldesign.Therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularratbutresembledasimpleplasticboxonwheels.“We'dassumedwe'dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail,facialfeatures,andputasceneonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat,butthatwasn’tnecessary,”saysJanetWilesattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia,whohelpedwiththeresearch.Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialcues,evenwhentheycomefrombasicrobots.Similarly,childrentendtotreatrobotsasiftheyarefellowbeings,evenwhentheydisplayonlysimplesocialsignals.“Wehumansseemtobefascinatedbyrobots,anditturnsoutotheranimalsaretoo,”saysWiles.21.Quinandhercolleaguesconductedatesttoseeifratscan________[A]pickupsocialsignalsfromnon-livingrats[B]distinguishafriendlyratfromahostileone[C]attainsociabletraitsthroughspecialtraining[D]sendoutwarningmessagestotheirfellow22.Whatdidthesocialrobotdoduringtheexperiment?[A]Itfollowedthesocialrobot.[B]Itplayedwithsometoys.[C]Itsetthetrappedratsfree.[D]Itmovedaroundalone.23.AccordingtoQuinn,theratsrele