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小学英语讲义句法1、陈述句说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构:主语+谓语+其他1)肯定陈述句Wealllikepandasverymuch.2)否定陈述句Hedoesn‟tdohouseworkatweekends3)肯定陈述句改否定陈述句①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。Marywasatschoolyesterday.—Marywasnotatschoolyesterday.Icanmakeamodelplane.—Icannotmakeamodelplane.②不含be动词或情态动词的,行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t,doesn’t,didn’t),后面跟动词的原形。Helikesdrawingpictures.—Hedoesn‟tlikedrawingpictures.Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—Ididn‟tgototheparkyesterday.4)陈述句改一般疑问句①有be动词或情态动词的,把be动词或情态动词提前。Marywasatschoolyesterday.—WasMaryatschoolyesterday?Icanmakeamodelplane.—Canyoumakeamodelplane?②不含be动词或情态动词的句子,借助助动词开头,动词还原成原形。Helikesdrawingpictures.—Doeshelikedrawingpictures.Iwenttotheparkyesterday.—Didyougototheparkyesterday?2、疑问句用来提出问题,询问情况的句子,末尾用问号。1)一般疑问句:一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实,通常以be动词,助动词或情态动词开头,用yes或no来回答,因此又叫是非疑问句,通常读升调。IsMrGreenfromtheUK?—Yes,heis./No,heisn‟t.Doyouhaveanyhobbies?—Yes,Ido./No,Idon‟t.Canyouplaytheguitar?—Yes,Ican./No,Ican‟t.2)特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词引导,要求回答具体问题,不能用yes或no来回答。—Howdoyougotoworkeveryday?—Igotoworkbycar.3)选择疑问句:提供两种或两种以上情况,让对方选择,往往用or连接。—Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?—Somecoffee,please.4)反意疑问句:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。—It‟safineday,isn‟tit?—Yes,itis.3、祈使句表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。1)用于第二人称,通常省略you。①肯定祈使句:Openthedoor,please.②否定祈使句:Don‟tbelateagain.2)用于第一人称和第三人称,通常以let(let后跟宾格)或shall开头。Letmehavealook.Let’splayagamenow.Lethimgohomenow.ShallwemeetatonethirtyinfrontoftheGardenTheatre?4、感叹句表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情,句尾常用感叹号(!),语气用降调。1)what+名词或名词性短语Whatabiggarden(itis)!Whataninterestingstorybook(itis)!Whatlovelyweather(itis)!Whatprettygirls(theyare)!2)how+形容词或副词+主语+动词Hownice!Howbeautifultheflowersare!HowtallYaoMingis!5、therebe句型表示在某地有某人或某物。1)主语是单数,be动词用is(was);主语是复数,be动词用are(were)。Thereissomemilkinthefridge.Therearesomepeachesinthebasket.2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在,be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。Thereisarulerandfiveknivesinthepencilcase.Therearefiveknivesandarulerinthepencilcase.3)therebe句型和have/has区别:therebe句型表示某地有某人或某物;have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数,其余人称和数用have。TherearesomeEnglishbooksonthedesk.IhavesomeEnglishbooks.
本文标题:小学英语讲义 句法
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