最全版高分子物理名词中英对照

第一章高分子链的结构aeolotropy各向异性anti-configuration反型；反式构型atacticpolymer无规（立构）聚合物averageroot-mean-square均方根backbone主链backbonemotion主链运动backbonestructure主链结构branchedpolymer支化聚合物carbonchain碳链chainconformation链构象chainelement链单元；链节cis-configuration顺式构型cis-isomer顺式异构体cis-isomerism顺式异构现象cis-stereoisomer顺式立体异构体cis-transisomerism顺-反（式）异构现象cis-transisomerization顺反异构化characterization[1]表征；表征法[2]检定；检定法configuration构型conformation构象covalentbond共价键crosslink交联；交联键crosslinkage交联crosslinkednetwork交联网crosslinkedpolymer交联聚合物differentialthermalanalysis差热分析differentialthermogravimetricanalysis微分热重分析differentialthermogravimetriecurve微分热重曲线degreeofisotacticity全同（立构）规整度degreeoforder有序度degreeofsyndiotacticity间同（立构）规整度degreeoftacticity构型规整度diisotactic双全同立构的directionoforientation取向方向end-to-enddistance末端距forkchain支链forkgroup支基equitacticpolymer全同间同（立构）等量聚合物erythro-diisotactic叠（同）双重全同立构eutacticity理想的构型规整性degreeofisomerization异构化程度flexibility柔性；柔顺性freeinternalrotation自由内旋转freelyjointedchain自由连接链functionalgroup功能基；官能团Gausschain高斯链Gaussdistribution高斯分布Gaussianchain高斯链Gaussiandistribution高斯分布Gaussiannetwork高斯网络non-GaussianChain非高斯链non-Gaussiandistribution非高斯分布geometricalisomer几何异构体geometricalregularity几何规整度graft接枝物graftblockcopolymer接枝嵌段共聚物graftcopolymer接枝共聚物graftcopolymerization接枝共聚graftomer接枝聚合物graftpolymerization接枝聚合head-tailsequence头尾顺序head-to-head头-头接head-to-headpolymer头-头接聚合物head-to-tailpolymer头-尾接聚合物hotsettingresin热固性树脂isotactic全同立构；等规立构isotacticchain全同立构链isotacticconfiguration全同立构型isotacticity全同立构规整度isotacticpolymer全同立构聚合物iso-trans-tactic反式全同立构linearchain直链linearchainpolymer直链聚合物linearcopolymer线形共聚物linearmacromolecule线形大分子linearmolecule线形分子linearpolymer线形聚合物highpolymer高聚物halfpolymer低聚物highlybranchedchain高度支化链heatofcrystallization结晶热flexiblelinearmacromolecule柔性线形大分子flexiblesidegroup柔性侧基interpolymer共聚体longchainbranching长链支化longchainmolecule长链分子holotactic全规整macromolecular大分子的；高分子的macromolecularcompound大分子化合物；高分子化合物macromolecule大分子；高分子mainchain主链mainpolymerchain聚合物主链molecularbond分子键molecularconfiguration分子构型monomer单体mutamer旋光异构体meansquareendtoenddistance均方末端距nonlinearpolymer非线型聚合物netstructure网状结构networkpolymer网状聚合物networkstructure网状结构opticalisomer旋光异构体；旋光异构物orderedstructure有序结构randomcopolymer无规共聚物polymerchain聚合物链；高分子链polymersinglecrystal聚合物primarystructure一级结构；初级结构regularity规则性；整齐度distance均方根末端距rotamerism几何异构现象；旋转异构现象rigidchain刚性链rigidmacromolecule刚性大分子straight-chainpolymer直链聚合物secondarystructure二级结构syndiotactic间同立构的syndiotacticpolymer间同立构聚合物stability稳定性starpolymer星形聚合物statisticalcopolymer无规共聚物spatialstructure空间结构sub-chainmotion链段运动transisomerism反式异构(现tertiarystructure三级结构unperturbedchaindimension未受扰分子链尺寸；无扰分子链尺寸valencebond价键valencedistance(=bondlength)键长；键距laevo-configuration左旋构型microstructureofpolymer聚合物的微结构microtacticity微观规整性shortrangestructure近程结构molecularmotion分子运动molecularmodel分子模型第二章高分子的聚集态结构intermolecularattraction分子间引力hydrogenbond氢键amorphous非晶的；无定形的amorphousbirefringence非晶双折射amorphousmaterial非晶材料；无定形材料amorphousphase非晶相amorphouspolymer非晶态聚合物amorphousregion非晶区；无定形区axialorientation沿轴取向auto-orientationmechanism自取向机理biaxialorientation双轴取向biaxialstretch双轴拉伸crystal结晶；晶体crystalangle晶角crystaldefect晶体缺陷crystaldiffraction晶体衍射crystalgrain晶粒crystallattice晶格crystallinecopolymer结晶共聚物crystallineorientation晶体取向crystallinepolymer结晶聚合物crystallineportion结晶部分crystallineregion晶区crystallinestructure晶体结构crystallinity结晶性；结晶度crystallite微晶；晶粒crystallitedimension晶粒尺寸crystallitesizedistribution晶粒大小分布crystallizablepolymer（能）结晶聚合物crystallization结晶（作用）crystallizationrate结晶速率crystallizationtemperature结晶温度crystallize结晶cubicsystem立方晶系chainfolding链折叠chain-foldedlamellae折叠链片晶degreeofcrystallinity结晶度程度degreeoforientation取向度diffraction衍射diffractionangle衍射角diffractionpattern衍射图形；衍射花样diffractometer衍射仪extendedchaincrystal伸直链electronmicroscope电子显微镜expandedmaterial发泡材料;晶体birefringence双折射densitycrystallinity密度结晶度foldedchain折叠链foldedchaincrystal折叠链晶体foldedchainlamellae折叠链晶片foldedchainmodel折叠链模型foldedconfiguration折叠构型foldinglength折叠链长度liquidcrystal液晶lamellae片晶lamellaestructure片晶结构lattice晶格；点阵latticeconstant晶格常数latticeenergy晶格能latticemodel晶格模型latticestructure晶格结构monoclinic单斜（晶）的mono-crystalline单晶的morphologicalstructure形态结构molecularorientation分子取向non-crystallizablepolymer非结晶聚合物one-wayorientation单向取向orientatedpolymer取向聚合物orientatedpolymerization取向聚合orientation取向orthorhombicunitcell斜方晶胞platelets片晶polarize起偏（振）镜；起偏光镜polarizingmicroscope偏（振）光显微镜polaroid（人造）偏振片[物]；起偏振片singlecrystal单晶smallanglescattering小角散射第三章高分子溶液viscometry粘度法gelatination胶凝（作用）；胶凝化gelpoint凝胶点coacervation凝聚coagulationpoint凝固点；凝结点equilibriumswelling平衡溶胀heatofsolution溶解热gel凝胶；冻胶idealsolution理想溶液fractionalprecipitation分级沉淀fractionalsolution分级溶解fractionation分级non-idealsolution非理想溶液solubility溶解性；可溶性solubilityparameter溶度参数solublepolymer可溶性聚合物dilutesolution稀溶液dilutesolutiontheory稀溶液理论dilutionfreeenergy稀释自由能dilutionheat稀释热dilutionviscometer稀释粘度计freeenergy自由能freeenergyofmixing混合自由能entropyofmixing混合熵polarpolymer极性聚合物第四章高聚物的分子量和分子量分布averagemolecularweight平均分子量Z-averagemolecularweightZ均分子量Z-averagemolecularweightZ均分子量weightaveragemol