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1常用词汇辨析1.adherence和adhesion这两个词都是“粘附的”意思。adherence用于比喻的意思。例如:Hisadherencetothestrictletterofthelaw.adhesion是指物质上的。2.adjacent,adjoining,和contiguous这些词都有nextto“紧挨”的意思。adjacent“毗邻的,邻近的”,但它们可能并不相互直接接触。adjoining和contiguous指相互接触,通常之间有一个edge或boundary。3.admission和admittance它们都有“theactofentering”的意思。但admission用于公共场合。Thepriceofadmissiontothegalleryis£5.admittance不指公共场合,一般指私人的住所。4.adopted和adoptiveadopted“收养的,过继的”Anadoptedson(daughter)养子(女);myadoptedcountry我所入籍的国家;adoptedwords外来语。adoptive“收养的”,我们说adoptiveparents,但很少说adoptivechild;“采用的”,“假冒的”anadoptivecourage假充勇敢。5.averse和adverseadverse“不利的,反对的”,用于事,不用于人。Adverseweatherconditions;anadversereaction.averse“嫌恶的,反对的,不乐意的”,常和“to”一起使用,而且用否定形式。6.advise和adviceadvise“劝告”(动词);advice“劝告”(名词)。7.affect和effectaffect“影响”vt.,它的第二个意思是“假装”,Thoughsheaffectsindifference,Iknewshewasreallyveryupset.Effectn.“结果”,“效力”。vt.“产生”,“导致”,它比“tocause,tobringout”更为正式。Hisaimwastoeffectaradicalchangeinthepartystructure.8.allready和alreadyAllready意思是“completelyprepared”already“已经”。Hehadalreadyhadhislunch.9.altogether和alltogetheraltogether(intotal)“总共”Alltogether意思是“inagroup”。如:Weputthesheepalltogetherinonefield.这两个词还可以分开。Weputallthesheeptogetherinonefield.10.allude和eludeallude“暗指”,“暗示”,“(婉转)提到”。elude(toavoidorescape)“闪避,躲避”。如:toeludesb.'sgrasp逃脱,没有被逮住;toeludethelaw规避法律。Themeaningeludesme.那个意义我摸不透。11.illusion和delusionillusion“幻觉,错觉”beundernoillusionaboutsth.对某事不存幻想。delusion“欺骗,迷惑”Hesuffersfromthedelusionthathe'sattractivetowomen.他糊里糊涂地认为自己对女人很有吸2引力。12.amended和emendamended(toalteroraddtosomething)“订正,改正”,“修正(议案等)”。Anamendedbill修正案;amendone'sways改过自新。emend(tocorrecterrorsin)“校订”。Emendthetextofabook校勘某书;Heemendedthetypescriptbeforesendingittotheprinters.在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。13.amicable和amiable这两个词都是指“友好的”意思。amicable“友好的,亲切的”指行为或情景。Thediscussionswereamicable,thoughbusinesslike讨论虽然是商业形式,但是友好的。amiable“可爱的,和蔼可亲的”Manypeopleareafraidofhim,thoughIfoundhimtobeperfectlyamiable.虽然我发现他特别和蔼可亲,但还是有很多人害怕他。14.assent和ascentassent可用作“agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。Ascentn.“上升,晋升”。Theascentofmountain登山。15.avert和avoidavert“防止,避免”。avoid“回避,逃避”。Avoidbadcompany避免和坏人来往;Icannotavoidseeinghim.我不能不见他。16.besides和besidebesides意思是“inadditionto”“加之,还有,另外”;而beside“在……旁边”,“在……一侧”。Duncanisthetallmanstandingbesidemyfather.站在我爸爸旁边的高个子男子是邓肯。17.coherence和cohesioncoherence“统一,一致性”;cohesion“结合力,团结”。Thecohesionofmolecules分子的结合力。18.comparewith和comparetoComparewith“和……比起来”Compareto“好比”。Hecomparedthemoontoasilverplate.他把月亮比成一个大银盘。19.impel和compelimpel“推动,驱使,激励”。Impelsb.todosth.激励某人做某事;compel“强迫,胁迫,迫使”。Compelsb.toone'swill强迫人服从自己。20.complement和complimentcomplement“补足(物),补全”,“补足语”。compliment“恭维话,赞辞,敬意”;Yourpresenceisagreatcompliment.承蒙光临,不胜荣幸。21.confident和confidantconfident“深信,确信,自信”。confidant“心腹朋友”。Shehasnocloseconfidanttowhomshecanturnforadviceorhelp.她没有知心朋友来帮助或是劝告她。22.continual和continuouscontinual“连续,继续”;“频繁的”;continualboutsoftoothache一阵接一阵的牙痛。(这中间可能有停顿或间断。)continuous“连续”(指从不间断的);We’vehadthreeweeksofcontinuousrain.我们这里连续三周下雨不停。23.might和could3might表明“possibility”。could应该用来表明“permission”.Mumsaidwecould(might)gotothefootballmatch.24.council和counselcouncil“议事机构”,委员会;acabinetcouncil内阁会议。counsel“商议,劝告”;followsb.'scounselclose牢记某人忠告。25.creditable和crediblecreditable“声誉好的,可称许(赞扬)的”;credible“可信的,可靠的”He'stheonlyonewithoutacrediblealibi(辩解,托辞)他是惟一一个没有可信托辞的人。26.decisive和decideddecisive“果断的,断然的”;decisivemeasures断然的措施。decided“明确的,无疑的”;adecidedsuccess明显的成功。27.defective和deficientdefective(havingafaultorflaw)“有缺陷的”。deficient(lackinginwhatisneeded)“不足的”;bedeficientin欠缺。28.definite和definitivedefinite(certainorclear,notvague)“明确的,一定的”。definitive(authoritative,thatcannotbeimproved)“限定的,决定性的,最后的”;definitivehost宿主;Definitiveorgans定形器官;definitivesentence最后判决。29.dependant和dependentDependantn.(onewhodependsonanotherforsupport)受赡养者。Dependentadj.“依靠的,依赖的”;He'sstilldependentonstatebenefit.Therateofreliefisdependentonone'sincome.30.discreet和discretediscreet“考虑周到的,慎重的”。discrete“分离的,分裂的”;Oncloserexamination,wefindthatthepatternisformedfromthousandsofdiscretedotsofcolors.31.distinctive和distinctdistinctive“有特色的”,“独特的”;distinct“清楚的,明显的”;adistinctsmellofalcoholonhisbreath;thedistinctivestripesofthezebra.32.dual和dueldual“二重的”;dualpersonality双重人格;dualcontrol双重管辖;duel“决斗,竞争”;fightaduelwithsb.与某人决斗;challengesb.toaduel向某人提出决斗;aduelofwits斗智33.eatable和edibleEatablea.“可食用的,可吃的”;n.“食物、食品”。Ediblea.“适合食用的,可以吃的”;n.“食品”。在指吃的时候二者可通用:Thetoastwasburntandbarelyeatable/edible.但在其他情况下不一样。Ifsomethingiseatable,itmaybeeaten(thoughitmaynotbesafeordesirabletodoso);but,ifsomethingisedibleitissafetoeat.34.economical和economiceconomic“经济学的,经济上的”aneconomicsurveyofScotland苏格兰经济调查;aneconomicblockade经济封锁;economical“节俭的,经济的”;He'shad4tolearntobemoreeconomicalnowthathisonlyincomeisasmallpension.35.evoke和invokeevoke“唤起,引起”;evokeadmiration引起羡慕。invoke“祈求(神灵)保佑,乞灵于”,行使(法权);Theshamaninvokesthespiritsoftheirancestors.IfourcasefailsinthenationalcourtswewillinvoketheEuropeanDeclarationonHumanRights.36.fatal和fatefulfatal“causingdeathordisaster”“致命的”;afataldisease不治之症;afatalwound致命伤。fateful“crucial,significant,decidingone'sfate”“重大的”,“决定性的,决定命运的”
本文标题:考研英语一常用词汇辨析
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