2014高中英语语法复习必备--历年高考真题详细分类归纳讲解析与练习--动词短语部分

1动词短语和常用习惯表达动词短语是许多省高考的必考内容。有时一个动词可以跟多个小品词构成多个短语动词，有时一个短语动词又有多个意思。在平时的学习中，我们要有意识地去积累这方面的知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮助也很大。第1讲常用动词短语（一）考点1.break相关短语breakdown（机器、车辆）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解breakaway打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱breakout（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发breakin/into破门而入breakup打碎、分裂；分手①Let’sbreakupthewholeintoparts.让我们化整为零。②Youmustbreakawayfromtheseoldcustoms.你们必须破除这些旧风俗。③Thedogbrokeawayfromitsownerandranaway.狗挣脱了主人，跑了。④Afteralongtimeofhardwork，healmostbrokedown.长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。⑤Whydidthepeacetalksbreakdown？为什么和谈失败了？⑥Thismatterwillbreakdowninwater.这种物质在水中会分解。1.【2012陕西】Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystem______.A.brokeinB.brokeupC.brokeoutD.brokedown2.【2013福建】Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks______indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout3.【2009江苏】—I’msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave______.—SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.A.brokenupB.finishedupC.dividedupD.closedup4.【2006辽宁】Thecomputersystem______suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.A.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeupD.brokein5.【2006广东】Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire______,andthenitspreadquickly.A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout考点2.call相关短语callataplace拜访某地callon/uponsb.拜访或看望某人callforsth.(sb.)需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来calloff叫走，转移开；取消，不举行callon/uponsb.todosth.号召某人做某事callup(给……)打电话；想起，回忆起callin收回，召回callout大声喊①Callyourdogoff.把你的狗叫走。②Thematchwascalledoffbecauseofbadweather.由于天气不好，比赛取消了。③Thisproblemcallsforcarefulthought.这个问题需要好好想一想。④I’llcallforyouatseventhisevening.今晚七点我来接你。⑤Wecallforthepackageatthepostoffice.我们到邮局去取包裹。⑥Thetoycompanyhasdecidedtocallinthedefectiveproductsallovertheworld.该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。⑦Theyboycalledoutforhelp.那个男孩大声呼救。6.【2009福建】TheSomalirobbedfrequentattacksontheseaurgedtheUnitedNationsto______allnationstotakeimmediateaction.A.fightforB.applyforC.callonD.waiton7.【2007山东】It’sthesortofworkthat______ahighlevelofconcentration.A.callsforB.makesupC.liesinD.standsfor8.【2006湖北】AsIgrewupinasmalltownatthefootofamountain,thevisittothevillage______scenesofmychildhood.A.calledupB.calledforC.calledonD.calledin考点3.come相关短语comeabout发生（不及物）；（bringabout，使发生，及物）comeacross偶然遇到（meetwith和runinto也有这个意思）comealong进展；一起来comeupwith想出（主意或计划等）comeout（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；（花）开放cometooneself苏醒过来（oneself可以省略）cometorealize开始意识到comeup（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论①Thingsarecomingalongfine.事情进展顺利。②Whendoestheirnewalbumcomeout?他们的新唱片什么时候发行？③Thesubjectcameupatthemeetingyesterday.这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。9.【2011安徽】Ifyou______faultsbutyoustillwantthebicycle,asktheshopassistanttoreducetheprice.A.comeacrossB.careaboutC.lookforD.focusupon10.【2011天津】She______anoldfriendofhersyesterdaywhileshewasshoppingatthedepartmentstore.A.turneddownB.dealtwithC.tookafterD.cameacross11.【2013新课标Ⅱ】Wouldyouliketo______withustothefilmtonight?A.comealongB.comeoffC.comeacrossD.comethrough12.【2007江苏】—Haveyou______somenewideas?—Yeah.I’lltellyoulater.A.comeaboutB.comeintoC.comeupwithD.comeoutwith13.【2006湖北】It’salready10o’clockIwonderhowit_______thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup14.【2005重庆】Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichseemeddifficultatfirst,has______manygoodchangesintheirlives.A.gotthroughB.resultedfromC.turnedintoD.broughtabout考点4.cut相关短语cutdown/back减少cutin插话；（车从前面突然）插入cutoff切断、终止（供应、电话等）；使与外界隔断cutup切成碎片①Thegovernmenthasannouncedplanstocutbackondefencespendingby10%nextyear.政府已宣布计划明年减少防务开支10%。②I’mtryingtocutdownoncaffeine.我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。③IwasjusttalkingtoJane,whenDavecutin(onus/ourconversation).我正和Jane谈话，这时Dave突然插话进来。④Didyouseethatwhitecarcutin(onus/infrontofus)?你看到那辆白色的车突然插入（到我们前面）了吗？⑤Ifthisbillisnotpaidwithinfivedays,yourgassupplywillbecutoff.如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。⑥Manyvillageshavebeencutoffbytheheavysnow.许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。⑦Hecutthewooduptobuildafire.他把木头破碎来生火。15.【2013陕西】Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas______.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff16.【2005湖南】IwasjusttalkingtoMargotwhenJackson______.A.cutinB.cutdownC.cutoutD.cutup考点5.get相关短语getalong/on（人）相处融洽；（工作）进展……getdownto开始认真做某事（to是介词）getthrough结束、完成；成功地联络；通过（考试）；渡过难关（也常用gothrough,bethrough）getaway逃脱；离开getawaywith做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚getchanged换衣getacross使理解，使相信getover战胜、克服（困难……）gettogether聚会gettosb.使某人受到影响（causesb.tosufferorbeupset）3①Howareyougettingalong/onwithyourjob?你的工作进展得怎么样？②Shegotthroughherexamswithouttoomuchtrouble.她没有遇到太大麻烦就通过了考试。③Idon’tknowhowIgotthroughthefirstcoupleofmonthsafterAndy’sdeath.我不知道在安迪死后我是怎样度过前几个月的。④Thethiefgotawayinthedark.那个贼趁着黑暗逃脱了。⑤Ifsomeonecommitsamurder,hewon’tgetawaywithit.如果一个人犯了谋杀罪，他是不会逃脱惩罚的。⑥Iwantedtocomealong,butcouldn’tgetaway.我想要一起走，但是走不开。⑦Wetriedtogetourpointacross,buthejustwouldn’tlisten.我们尽力想使他理解我们的意思，但他就是不听。⑧Theheatwasbeginningtogettome,soIwentindoors.炎热开始使我感到难受，因此我走进屋里。⑨Iknowhe’sannoying,butyoushouldn’tlethimgettoyou.我知道他很烦人，但你不应当让他影响你。17.【2010福建】We’vejustmovedintoabiggerhouseandthere’salottodo.Let’s______it.A.keepupwithB.doawaywithC.getdowntoD.lookforwardto18.【2013天津】IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tableto______.A.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon19.【2013江苏】Team