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情态动词要点一:情态动词的类型和特征情态动词的类型:1.只作情态动词的有:must,can(could),may(might)2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有:need,dare3.可作情态动词也可作助动词的有:will(would),shall(should)4.具有情态动词的某些特征有:haveto,hadbetter情态动词的特征:有一定的词义,但是不能单独作谓语,必须和行为动词或系动词连用,构成谓语。例如:Hecanswim.主语:he谓语:canswim表示说话人的态度或语气,无人称和数的变化He(you/she/they)mustlistentotheclasscarefully.后接动词原形Youcanusemydictionary.你可以用我的字典。主要讲解can,could,must,should,need1.can的用法:常用来表示能力,意为“能,会”如:Shecanswimfast.她能游得很快。Icanplaythepiano.我会弹钢琴。表示请求或者许可,意为“可以”Canyougoshoppingwithus?你可以和我们去购物吗?•表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can't意为“不可能•Thatcan’tbeourteacher.HeisonavisittotheGreatWall.•那不可能是我们的老师。他正下游览长城呢。”•can与beableto的区别•can只可以用于现在时和过去时(could)而beableto可以用于各种时态,相当于managetodosth.•Acomputercan'tthinkforitself.Itmustbetoldwhattodo.•一台计算机不能独自思考。它必须被告知怎么做。•Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveyonewasabletogetout.•1.Tomisyoungbuthe____flyakitebyhimself.•A.canB.mayC.needD.must•答案:A•2.Withthehelpofthenewtechnology,you___e-mailyourfriendbymobilephone.•A.canB.mustC.needD.should•答案:A•3.Theworkistoohardforhim,he___finishitinontime.•A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't•答案:A4.Theladyinthisphoto____beoverfifty.Shelookssoyoung.•A.mustn'tB.mustC.can'tD.can•答案:C•5.Look!IsthatyourbestfriendSusan?•No,it__beher.Sheflewtoshanghaiyesterday.•A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.needn't•答案:Ccould的用法:can的过去式:意为能,会,表示过去的能力。Hecouldwritepoemswhenhewasten.他十岁就会写诗。could用在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气Couldyoupleasespeakalittlelouder?你能否大一点声说话?couldIuseyourpen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?yes,youcan./No,youcan't.may的用法(1)表示推测,意为:“也许,可能”用于肯定句中Hemaycometomorrow.明天他可能回来(2)表示请求,许可,意为:“可以'MayIborrowyourbook?may表示请求时,用于主语是第一人称的一般疑问句,其否定回答用mustn'tMayIgonow?No,youmustn't.我现在可以走了吗?不,不可以。•must的用法:•must表示“必须,一定”,指说话人的主观语气。其否定形式是:mustn't意为:禁止,不许可•YoumuststayhereuntilIcomeback.•在我回来之前,你必须待在这儿。•Youmustn'tparkyourcarhere.•此处禁止停车。•对must引导的疑问句,肯定用must,否定回答为needn’t或don'thavetoMustIfinishmyhomeworknow?No,youneedn't.我现在必须完成作业吗?不,你不必。•must常指有根据的,比较有把握的推测,意为:一定是,准是“,这种用法只能用于肯定句Thelightison,hemustbehomenow.灯亮着,他现在一定在家。can't与mustn't表否定推测用can't,mustn't意为禁止,不允许。should的用法should意为”应该”,用于各种人称,表明劝告,义务,建议,责任等。例如:Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.我们应该保护环境。•练习题:•1.____Iswimhere?•I‘msorry.Children___swimalonehere.•A.Must;can'tB.may;mustC.Can;mustn't•D.Can't,can•C•2.It'sthemuseum!soyou___knowsmokingisnotallowedhere.•oh,sorry.•A.mustB.willC.canD.may•A3.Whoseisthepencil-box?It___beTom's.Lookathisnameonthecover.A.canB.mayC.mustD.needC.4.Mom,mustIcleantheroomnow?No,you____.Youcandoittomorrow.A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.shouln'tBneed的用法need表示“需要,必须”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn't,意为“没有必要,不必”。用need进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't。如:NeedIstayhereanylonger?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't.need还可以作实义动词,此时有人称,数和时态的变化。后边多接动词不定式。如:Ineedtodoitrightnow.Heneedstolearnmoreaboutthegirl.1.Thereisenoughtimeforyoutogototheairport.You___hurrynow.A.shouldB.needn'tC.mustD.can't答案:B2.You___tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn'ttocomeB.don'tneedcomeC.don'tneedcomingD.needn'tcome答案:D
本文标题:情态动词 初中英语
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