X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计 [当文网提供][1]

学士学位毕业论文（设计）X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计学生姓名学号专业械设计制造及其自动化班级指导教师学部答辩日期毕业论文IX-Y数控工作台机电系统设计摘要X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计是一个开环控制系统,其结构简单。实现方便而且能够保证一定的精度。降低成本,是微机控制技术的最简单的应用。它充分的利用了危机的软件硬件功能以实现对机床的控制;使机床的加工范围扩大,精度和可靠性进一步得到提高。X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计是利用8031单片机,及2764,6264存储器及8155芯片等硬件组成,在控制系统的硬件上编写一定的程序以实现一定的加工功能。其基本思想是:通过圆弧或者直线插补程序以实现对零件进行几何加工,每进行一段加工都要产生一定的脉冲以驱动电机正反转,同时通过8155(1)将相应的加工进刀信息送至刀架库中以实现以之相应的走刀,电机和刀具的相对运动所以实现了刀具对工件的加工。该控制系统采用软件中断控制系统结构及子程序结构简单，条件明确在经济型数控中应用较多。中断结构采用模块化结构设计因为这种结构便于修改和扩充，编制较为方便，便于向多处理方向发展。X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计采用步进电机作为驱动装置。步进电机是一个将脉冲信号转移成角位移的机电式数模转换器装置。其工作原理是：每给一个脉冲便在定子电路中产生一定的空间旋转磁场；由于步进电机通的是三相交流电所以输入的脉冲数目及时间间隔不同，转子的旋转快慢及旋转时间的长短也是不同的。由于旋转磁场对放入其中的通电导体既转子切割磁力线时具有力的作用，从实现了旋转磁场的转动迫使转子作相应的转动，所以转子才可以实现转子带动丝杠作相应的运动。本题目是步进电机，微型计算机，插补原理，汇编语言的综合应用，本题目设计得到了老师的帮助和支持，最后由董玉红老师审定，在此表示感谢。本题目由方世龙完成，共分六章，第一章主要设计总体方案设计第二章主要设计了机械系统设计；第三章主要设计了控制系统硬件设计；第四章主要设计控制系统软件设计；第五章主要是本设计的附录。因本人水平有限，错误和不足之处在所难免，处理问题也有不妥之处，敬请相关老师批评指正。关键词：X-Y数控工作台；机电系统；微型计算机；6264存储器毕业论文X-YNCWorktableMechatronicsSystemDesignAbstractCNCXYtableisamechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignopen-loopcontrolsystem,itsstructureissimple.Realizationofconvenienceandcanguaranteeacertainaccuracy.Reducecosts,computercontroltechnologyisthemostsimpleapplication.ItfulluseofthesoftwarehardwarecrisisToachievethefunctionsofthemachinecontrol;toexpandthescopeoftheprocessingmachinetools,precisionandreliabilityhasbeenfurtherimproved.XYNCtableistheuseofmechanicalandelectricalsystemsdesignSCM8031,2764,6264and8155andmemorychipsandotherhardwarecomponents,Inthecontrolsystemofhardwareonthepreparationofcertainproceduresinordertoachieveacertainprocessingfunctions.Thebasicideais:circularorlinearinterpolationprocedurestoachievethegeometryofthepartsforprocessing,everysectionoftheprocessingshouldhaveacertainimpulsetoElectricdrivespositiveand,through8155(1)correspondingtotheprocessingofinformationsenttotheturretintotheknifeinordertoachievethecorrespondinggototheknife,theelectricalandtooltoachievetherelativemovementofthetoolsotheprocessingoftheworkpiece.Thecontrolsystemusessoftwareinterruptcontrolsystemstructureandsubroutineissimple,clearintheeconomicconditionsintheapplicationofNCmore.Disruptionofamodularstructurebecausesuchastructuredesignedtofacilitaterevisionandexpansion,theestablishmentofmoreconvenient,easytohandleandmoredirection.CNCXYtabledesignedbymechanicalandelectricalsystemsasasteppingmotor-drivendevices.SteppermotorisapulsewillbetransferredintoangulardisplacementoftheElectricalandMechanical-DACdevices.Itsworkingprincipleis:eachtoapulseinthestatorcircuitwillhaveacertainspaceinrotatingmagneticfield;becauseofthesteppermotoristhethree-phaseAC-soenterthenumberofpulsesanddifferenttimeintervals,therotationspeedoftherotorandthelengthofrotationAredifferent.Astherotatingmagneticfieldintowhichboththerotorcuttingelectricityconductorwhenamagneticlineofforce,toachievearotatingmagneticfieldfromtheforcerotationforthecorrespondingrotorrotation,therotorcanachieverotorleadscrewforthecorrespondingmovement.Thistopicisthesteppermotor,micro-computers,interpolationprinciple,thecomprehensiveapplicationofassemblylanguage,thistopichasbeendesignedwiththehelpofteachersDONGYu-hongandsupport,thefinalauditedbyDONGYu-hongteacher,毕业论文expressedthanksforthis.ThissubjectbyFangLongcompleted,isdividedintosixchapters,Chapter1overalldesignofthemaindesignChapterIIofthemechanicaldesignsystemdesign;ChapterIIIofthemaindesignofthecontrolsystemhardwaredesign;ChapterIVofthemaincontrolsystemdesignsoftwaredesign;Chapter5isthedesignoftheappendix.Ilevelbecauseofthelimitedmistakesandinadequaciesoftheinevitableanddealwiththeproblemhasitsdrawbacks,pleaserelatedtotheteachercriticizedthecorrection.Keywords：X-YNCWorktable;Mechatronicssystem;micro-computers;6264memory毕业论文目录X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计...........................................I摘要............................................................IAbstract............................................................2X-Y数控工作台机电系统设计...........................................1第1章绪论......................................................11.1两坐标数控系统课题研究意义.......................................11.2两坐标系数控工作台课题研究主要内容..............................11.2.1两坐标系系统的组成............................................1第2章机械系统设计................................................12.1工作台外形尺寸及重量估算........................................1第3章控制系统硬件设计...........................................113.1CPU板.........................................................113.2驱动系统.......................................................133.2.1步进电机驱动电路和工作原理....................................143.2.3电源转换.....................................................153.4本章小节.......................................................17第4章控制系统软件设计............................................184.1总体方案.......................................................184.2主流程图.......................................................184.3INT0中断服务流程图...........................................194.4INT1中断服务流程图...........................................204.2.2X轴电机点动正转程序流程图....................................244.4.3绘