2010届高考英语非谓语动词做状语

不定式过去分词一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式被动主动tododoingtobedoingtohavedonehavingdonetobedonebeingdonetohavebeendonehavingbeendonedonev-ing非谓语动词的时态、语态/a.表示结果、原因时，不可置于句首。e.g.Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofChina.b.在某些表示喜，恕，哀，乐等的形容词后作原因状语：e.g.Iamverygladtoseeyou.Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.一．不定式作状语往往表示目的、结果、原因、条件和比较。不定式的时态与语态1.不定式的一般式todo表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生2.不定式的完成式tohavedone表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前Iamsorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.3.当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。不定式的被动语态一般式tobedone常表示将来动作。Thepressconferenceistobeheldtomorrow.Theroomseemstohavebeentidiedupalready4.不定式的被动语态完成式tohavebeendone表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前二.动词的-ing形式可以作状语,在句中往往时间、结果、原因、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。不定式作状语v-ing形式作状语表示出乎意料之外的结果v-ing形式往往与主句有因果关系，主句表原因，v-ing形式表结果a.不定式和-ing形式作结果状语时的区别1.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.2.Thestormleft,havingcausedalotofdamagetothearea.表示出乎意料之外的结果表原因表结果b.动词的-ing形式作条件状语时一般位于句首。e.gGoingstraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore=Ifyougostraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore=Gostraightdowntheroad,andyouwillfindthedepartmentstoreV-ing的时态与语态1.V-ing的一般式doing表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生2.V-ing的完成式havingdone表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前3.当V-ing的逻辑主语是V-ing所表示的动作的承受者时,V-ing要用被动语态。V-ing的被动语态一般式（beingdone）表示的动作通常与与谓语动作同时发生。V-ing的被动语态完成式（havingbeendone）表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前三.动词的-ed形式作状语时,在句中往往表示时间、结果、原因、条件、方式、让步等。注意：“be+过去分词”短语在句中出现时，改为非谓语动词作状语时，常用该动词的过去分词作状语becaughtinbehiddenbewornoutbeseatedbedressedinbelostinbefacedwithbedeterminedtodo解题关键：主语与所填动词的主被动关系确定用V-ing/过去分词/不定式的主被动动式解题关键：a.如果和谓语动词几乎同时发生或紧接着发生用一般式b.如果两个动作明显有先后/一个动作完成后另一动作才发生，用完成式。2.非谓语作状语(一般式/完成式)1.非谓语作状语(主动/被动)四.总结3.要注意的问题问题一祈使句+and/or+陈述句和Todo…,+陈述句的区别______thecornersofthehandkerchieftothepointsofthecross,andyouwillhaveanicestrongkite.A.TotieB.TyingC.TiedD.Tie______theproblem_____meandI‘llseewhatIcandowithit.A.Whenleft;forB.Leaving;toC.Ifyouleave;withD.Leave;withDD1)____buthestillcouldnotunderstandit.A.ToldmanytimesB.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes2)____sohehadnodifficulty(in)understandingEnglish.A.BecausehehadbeeninLondonfor3yearsB.HavingbeeninLondonfor3yearsC.HehavingbeeninLondonfor3yearsD.HehadbeeninLondonfor3years问题二句还子是分词：如果句中有连词（and/but/or..），要用句子.CD1)Findinghercarstolen,_____.(01上海).A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp2)Whilewatchingtelevision,__________.A．thedoorbellrangB．thedoorbellringsC．weheardthedoorbellringD．weheardthedoorbellrings问题三要特别注意非谓语的逻辑主语3.Inordertomakeourcitygreen,_____.(02上海春季)A.itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretreesB.manymoretreesneedtoplantC.ourcityneedsmoretreesD.wemustplantmoretreesDCD问题四注意介词+分词和连词+分词的用法1.Onhearingthenews,shebegantocry.OnreturningtoBeijing,shecalledonmostofherfriends.2.Thoughseparatedfromeachotherforalmost20year,Istillrecognizedheratfirstsight.3.Ifrobbed,youcancall110.(Assoonassheheardthenews,…)(Thoughwewereseparated,…)(Ifyouarerobbed,…)(AssoonasshereturnedtoBeijing,…)Thankyou