TED演讲―Charles-Leadbeater贫民区的教育创新(中英对照)

It'sagreatpleasuretobehere.It'sagreatpleasuretospeakafterBrianCoxfromCERN.IthinkCERNisthehomeoftheLargeHadronCollider.WhateverhappenedtotheSmallHadronCollider?WhereistheSmallHadronCollider?BecausetheSmallHadronCollideroncewasthebigthing.Now,theSmallHadronColliderisinacupboard,overlookedandneglected.YouknowwhentheLargeHadronColliderstarted,anditdidn'twork,andpeopletriedtoworkoutwhy,itwastheSmallHadronColliderteamwhosabotageditbecausetheyweresojealous.ThewholeHadronColliderfamilyneedsunlocking.很高兴来到这里很高兴我的发言被安排在欧洲核子研究中心的布莱恩·考克斯之后我知道欧洲核子研究中心有一个大型强子对撞器小型强子对撞器出什么事了？小型强子对撞器去哪了？因为小型强子对撞器曾经是大的现在，小型强子对撞器被扔在柜子里，没人搭理了在大型强子对撞器刚启用的时候它没能正常运转，大家试图找出原因原来是小型强子对撞器的团队在捣鬼因为他们太嫉妒了整个强子对撞器团队需要被解放ThelessonofBrian'spresentation,inaway--allthosefantasticpictures--isthisreally:thatvantagepointdetermineseverythingthatyousee.WhatBrianwassayingwassciencehasopenedupsuccessivelydifferentvantagepointsfromwhichwecanseeourselves.Andthat'swhyit'ssovaluable.Sothevantagepointyoutakedeterminesvirtuallyeverythingthatyouwillsee.Thequestionthatyouwillaskwilldeterminemuchoftheanswerthatyouwillget.布莱恩的演讲和所有他那些奇妙的图片其真正含义是观察位置决定了观察结果布莱恩的意思是科学不断开拓出了各种各样的观察位置立于其上，我们可以审视自己。所以它非常具有价值。你所处的观察位置事实上决定了观察结果你所提出的问题基本决定了你所能得到的答案。Andsoifyouaskthisquestion:Wherewouldyoulooktoseethefutureofeducation?Theanswerthatwe'vetraditionallygiventothatisverystraightforward,atleastinthelast20years.YougotoFinland.Finlandisthebestplaceintheworldtoseeschoolsystems.TheFinnsmaybeabitboringanddepressiveandthere'saveryhighsuiciderate,butbygollytheyarequalified.Andtheyhaveabsolutelyamazingeducationsystems.AndsowealltroopofftoFinland,andwewonderattheirsocialdemocraticmiracleofFinlandanditsculturalhomogeneityandalltherestofit,andthenwestruggletoimaginehowwemightbringlessonsback.如果你的问题是去哪里能够找到教育的未来我们传统上给出的答案至少在过去的二十年里，非常简单去芬兰芬兰是世界上观察教育系统的最佳地点芬兰人可能有些无趣，抑郁，且自杀率颇高但是他们做的真的很到位他们的教育系统绝对令人叹为观止所以我们都跑去了芬兰我们惊叹于芬兰社会的民主奇迹文化的统一性，以及所有其他方面但最后我们却苦于很难把所见所学的带回去用。Well,so,forthislastyear,withthehelpofCiscowhosponsorme,forsomebalmyreason,todothis,I'vebeenlookingsomewhereelse.Becauseactuallyradicalinnovationdoessometimescomefromtheverybest,butitoftencomesfromplaceswhereyouhavehugeneed,unmet,latentdemandandnotenoughresourcesfortraditionalsolutionstowork--traditionalhigh-costsolutionswhichdependonprofessionals,whichiswhatschoolsandhospitalsare.所以在过去的一年里在思科的资助下基于高尚的理由，我到了其他一些地方做调查。因为事实上革新性的创造有的时候来自于发达地区但它经常来自于有庞大的需求不足，和潜在需要而且以现有资源和方式无法解决问题的地方-传统的高成本方法依赖专业人员，比如学校和医院SoIendedupinplaceslikethis.ThisisaplacecalledMonkeyHill.It'soneofthehundredsoffavelasinRio.Mostofthepopulationsgrowthofthenext50yearswillbeincities.We'llgrowbysixcitiesof12millionpeopleayearforthenext30years.Almostallofthatgrowthwillbeinthedevelopedworld.AlmostallofthatgrowthwillbeinplaceslikeMonkeyHill.Thisiswhereyou'llfindthefastestgrowingyoungpopulationsoftheworld.Soifyouwantrecipestowork--forvirtuallyanything--health,education,governmentpoliticsandeducation--youhavetogototheseplaces.Andifyougototheseplaces,youmeetpeoplelikethis.所以我最后选择了这类地方这个地方叫猴山是里约上百个贫民区中的一个未来50年，大部分的人口增长都会在城市地区。我们会每年增加六个一千二百万人口的城市持续增长三十年。大部分的人口增长会在发达地区。大部分的增长会在像猴山的这类地方。这里有增长最快的青年人口，全世界最快的所以如果你想把一些想法派上用场几乎可以是任何想法--健康，教育政府工作以及教育--那么你必须去这类地方在这里，你会遇见这类人.ThisisaguycalledJuanderson.Attheageof14,incommonwithmany14-year-oldsintheBrazilianeducationsystem,hedroppedoutofschool.Itwasboring.AndJuanderson,instead,wentintowhatprovidedkindofopportunityandhopeintheplacethathelived,whichwasthedrugstrade.Andbytheageof16,withrapidpromotion,hewasrunningthedrugstradein10favelas.Hewasturningover200,000dollarsaweek.Heemployed200people.Hewasgoingtobedeadbytheageof25.Andluckily,hemetthisguy,whoisRodrigoBaggio,theownerofthefirstlaptoptoeverappearinBrazil.1994,RodrigostartedsomethingcalledCDI,whichtookcomputersdonatedbycorporations,putthemincommunitycentersinfavelasandcreatedplaceslikethis.WhatturnedJuandersonaroundwastechnologyforlearningthatmadelearningfunandaccessible.这个人叫胡安得森在他十四岁的时候像很多在巴西教育系统里的十四岁孩子一样他退学了上学太无聊了胡安得森转而去了能给他机会和希望的地方在他住的地方，那就是毒品交易他进步神速，到十六岁的时候已经在十个贫民区展开了毒品业务他一个星期经手二十万美元手底下有两百人估计活不到二十五岁就得死但很幸运，他认识了这个人罗德里格.巴乔巴西第一个拥有笔记本电脑的人1994年，罗德里格开始从事一种被称作CDI的业务就是把电脑从捐赠它们的企业那里拿到贫民区的社区中心然后建立一些这样的地方真正改变胡安得森的是可以辅助他学习的科技使学习变得有趣且易行Oryoucangotoplaceslikethis.ThisisKibera,whichisthelargestsluminEastAfrica.Millionsofpeoplelivinghere,stretchedovermanykilometers.AndthereImetthesetwo,Azraontheleft,Maureenontheright.TheyjustfinishedtheirKenyancertificateofsecondaryeducation.ThatnameshouldtellyouthattheKenyaneducationsystemborrowsalmosteverythingfromBritain,circa1950,buthasmanagedtomakeitevenworse.Sothereareschoolsinslumslikethis.They'replaceslikethis.That'swhereMaureenwenttoschool.They'reprivateschools.Therearenostateschoolsinslums.Andtheeducationtheygotwaspitiful.Itwasinplaceslikethis.ThisaschoolsetupbysomenunsinanotherslumcalledNakuru.Halfthechildreninthisclassroomhavenoparentsbecausethey'vediedthroughAIDS.TheotherhalfhaveoneparentbecausetheotherparenthasdiedthroughAIDS.SothechallengesofeducationinthiskindofplacearenottolearnthekingsandqueensofKenyaorBritain.Theyaretostayalive,toearnaliving,tonotbecomeHIVpositive.Th