新加坡GCE O-level有用的资料1

GEOGRAPHY2217GCEOLevelFOREXAMINATIONIN2008ExclusionsThissyllabusmustnotbeofferedinthesamesessionwithanyofthefollowingsyllabuses:0460Geography2223GeographyforSouthernAfrica2230GeographyforBruneiYoucanfindsyllabusesandinformationaboutCIEteachertrainingeventsontheCIEWebsite().GEOGRAPHY2217GCEOrdinaryLevelAvailableintheJuneandNovemberexaminationsessionsCONTENTSPageINTRODUCTION1AIMS1ASSESSMENTOBJECTIVES2ASSESSMENT4CURRICULUMCONTENTANDGUIDANCE5GLOSSARYOFCOMMANDWORDS21NOTEThissyllabushasbeenrevisedforfirstexaminationinJune2006.PleasenotethatPaper2willnowconsistofcombinedquestionpaperandanswerbookletwithcandidatesansweringinthespacesprovided.(Paper1willstillrequireseparateanswerpaper/answerbooklet.)Copiesofsyllabuses,pastpapersandExaminers’ReportsareavailableonCDROMandcanbeorderedusingthePublicationsCatalogue,whichisavailableat‘Qualifications&Diplomas’–‘OrderPublications’.GEOGRAPHY2217OLEVEL20081Thissyllabus(2217)isavailabletocandidatesinallpartsoftheworldwiththefollowingexceptions.CandidatesinBruneimustenter2230CandidatesinSouthernAfricamustenterfor2223.INTRODUCTIONGCEOrdinaryLevelsyllabusesaredesignedastwo-yearcoursesforexaminationatage16plus.ThissyllabusisavailableforexaminationinboththeJuneandNovembersessions.Themainsectionsofthissyllabusare:AimsAssessmentObjectivesAssessmentCurriculumContent/GuidanceGlossary.AIMSTheaimsofthesyllabusarethesameforallstudents.ThesearesetoutbelowanddescribetheeducationalpurposesofacourseinGeographyfortheGCEOrdinaryLevelexamination.Theyarenotlistedinorderofpriority.Theaimsaretoencouragestudentstodevelop:1.asenseofplaceandanunderstandingofrelativelocationonalocal,regionalandglobalscale;2.anawarenessofthecharacteristicsanddistributionofaselectionofcontrastingphysicalandhumanenvironments;3.anunderstandingofsomeoftheprocessesaffectingthedevelopmentofsuchenvironments;4.anunderstandingofthespatialeffectsofthewaysinwhichpeopleinteractwitheachotherandwiththeirenvironments;5.anunderstandingofdifferentcommunitiesandculturesthroughouttheworldandanawarenessofthecontrastingopportunitiesandconstraintspresentedbydifferentenvironments;6.anappreciationofenvironments,therebyenhancingasenseofresponsibilityforthecareoftheearth;7.arangeofskillsandtechniquesinobserving,selecting,analysingandpresentingdata;8.Theabilitytouseawiderangeofgeographicalinformationinmakingjudgementsandreachingdecisions.GEOGRAPHY2217OLEVEL20082ASSESSMENTOBJECTIVESThefourassessmentobjectivesinGeographyare:AKnowledgewithunderstanding,BAnalysis,CJudgementanddecisionmaking,DInvestigation(enquiryskills,practicalskillsandpresentationskills).Adescriptionofeachassessmentobjectivefollows.AKNOWLEDGEWITHUNDERSTANDINGStudentsshouldbeabletodemonstrateanunderstandingof:1.thewiderangeofprocesses,includinghumanactions,contributingtothedevelopmentof(a)physical,economic,social,politicalandculturalenvironmentsandtheirassociatedeffectsonthelandscapes;(b)spatialpatternsandinteractionswhichareimportantwithinsuchenvironments;2.theinter-relationshipsbetweenpeople'sactivitiesandthetotalenvironmentandanabilitytoseekexplanationsforthem;3.theimportanceofscale(whetherlocal,regionalorglobal)andthetimeatwhichspatialdistributionsandtheworkingofsystemsareconsidered;4.thechangeswhichoccurthroughtimeinplaces,landscapesandspatialdistribution.BANALYSISStudentsshouldbeableto:5.select,organise,presentandinterpretgeographicaldata;6.useandapplygeographicalknowledgeandunderstandinginverbal,numerical,diagrammatic,pictorialandgraphicalform;7.usegeographicaldatatorecognisepatternsinsuchdataandtodeducerelationships.CJUDGEMENTANDDECISIONMAKINGThroughtheirgeographicaltrainingstudentsshouldbeableto:8.reason,makejudgements(includingevaluationandconclusions)whichdemonstrate,whereappropriate(a)asensitivityto,andaconcernfor,landscapeandtheenvironmentandtheneedforsustainabledevelopment;(b)anaestheticandenvironmentalappreciationoftheearthincludingitspeople,places,landscapes,naturalprocessesandphenomena;(c)anappreciationoftheattitudes,valuesandbeliefsofothersincultural,economic,environmental,politicalandsocialissueswhichhaveageographicaldimension;(d)anawarenessofthecontrastingopportunitiesandconstraintsofpeoplelivingindifferentplacesandunderdifferentphysicalandhumanconditions;(e)awillingnesstoreviewtheirownattitudesinthelightofnewknowledgeandexperiences;GEOGRAPHY2217OLEVEL200839.recognisetheroleofdecisionmakingwithinageographicalcontextasaffectedby(a)thephysicalandhumancontextsinwhichdecisionsaremade;(b)thevaluesandperceptionsofgroupsorindividuals;(c)thechoicesavailabletodecisionmakersandtheinfluencesandconstraintswithinwhichtheyoperate;(d)Theincreasinglevelofglobalinterdependence.DINVESTIGATION(ENQUIRY,PRACTICALANDPRESENTATIONSKILLS)Studentswillbeexpectedtodemonstratetheabilitytodothefollowing:10.selectandusesuitablebasictechniquesforobserving,collecting,classifying,presenting,analysingandinterpretingdata;11.useavarietyofsourcesforobtaininginformationincludingmaps,plans,pictures,statisticsandwrittenmaterial:12.depictinformationinsimplemapanddiagramma