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1、解:31632551069.21069.227338.110013.1mmmkTPn②RTPMNMnnmmolAmol或:3104.22molM④每个分子平均占有体积为,把该体积视为立方体,1n设分子间平均距离为a。③分子的平均平动动能:J.kTt211065523,nNVa13m.na93103531①由nkTP第1次课(下)2、解:分子平均平动动能为:第1次课(下)由理想气体状态方程:RTMMPVmolJ....MNPVMMRPVMkkTAmolmolt22232335108931002261002210210410933232323可得氢气的温度为:MRPVMTmol3、解:1(0273)273TKK2(100273)373TKK和温度时的平均平动动能为:第1次课(下)由分子平均平动动能公式可得分子在kTt23232111331.38102735.6510()22kkTJ1t232122331.38103737.7210()22kkTJ2t19311.610J2kkTeV当分子平均平动动能时t19323221.6107.7310(K)331.3810kTktkT324、解:21212450300VVKTKT,,1111233004502pnnpp解:①由题意知nkTp112212TnTnpp∵∴212VV122nn由:,知:代入上式,得第1次课(下)1122PPPP②由温度公式22222110.222222114501.22300TT由方均根速率公式:第1次课(下)4、解:1212TTtt,kTt23,.TTttt111225111250tttt.mkTv32可得:22211.22,1、解:231231.38102906.0010()22ttkTJ231221.38102904.0010()22rrkTJ231251.381029010.0010()22kikTJ③23211650008.510()1.39()223600kEmJ第2次课(下)①②J...RTiMMEmol31083129031825285822、解:2122molMiMRTM2223.2101007.7(K)58.31molMTiRT设氧气的质量为M,温度变化值为第2次课(下)3、解:②①232131.38103006.2110(J)22ttkT232121.38103004.1410(J)22rrkT33316.01058.313003.1210(J)232.0102molMiERTM33316.01058.31(12727)1.0410()232.0102molMiERTJM第2次课(下)4、解:232131.38102735.6510(J)22ktkT①空气中的氧气和氮气均为双原子分子,它们约占空气成分的99%,因此可将空气当作双原子分子看待232121.38102733.7710(J)22rrkT②333101058.31273228.91021.9610(J)molMiERTM第2次课(下)1、解:①②dNfvNdv()2Avm0vv0mvv由归一化条件:m2001vfvdvAvdv()得:3m3/Av③m0m3043vvvfvdvAvvdv()m2242m0035vvvfvdvAvdvv()2m35vv第3次课(下)①从图上可得分布函数表达式:o0v02vavNfv()0/Nfvavv()Nfva()0Nfv()0(0)vv00(2)vvv0(2)vv则:f(v)满足归一化条件,但在此,纵坐标是Nf(v)而不是f(v),故曲线下的总面积为N。2.解:fv()0/avNv/aN00(0)vv00(2)vvv0(2)vv第3次课(下)①由归一化条件可得:000200vvvavNdvNadvv得:023Nav②可通过面积计算得:00(21.5)Navv③N个粒子的平均速率:0()vvfvdv0002200vvvavdvavdvv2200113()32vavavNN13N01()vNfvdvN0119v第3次课(下)3、解:①由归一化条件可得:0033000011()0132vcddcc00303006()(0)6,()0()Cf②速率分布图:第3次课(下)1101101330066()()()dNNNfNd000003330620()()27NNNfddN000000230033113()()5dNNfdNcdNNN③④第3次课(下)20003000161()()2dNNfddNN22232000300016()()0.3dNNfddNN2000.30.55第3次课(下)⑤()0dfd32001260012p,,4、解:①2138.313001.411.413.9410()3210pmolRTmsM2138.313001.601.604.4710()3210molRTmsM22138.313001.731.734.8310()3210molRTmsM②2321331.38103006.2110()22kkTJ第3次课(下)
本文标题:气体动理论练习解答
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