【公开课】名词性从句课件

名词性从句句子分为1.简单句2.并列句3.复合句简单句•定义：只含一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语的句子。•MysisterandIareteachers.•Heisinterestedinmathandphysics.•Notonlyshebutalsohersistercansinganddance.•简单句可分为四种：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。•其中陈述句分为肯定句和否定句；疑问句分为四种：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。并列句•含有两个或更多的相互并列的主谓结构的句子，结构是：分句+并列连词+分句1.Hestudieswellandhissisterisfondofsports.2.Hestudieswellbutheisnotgoodatsports.3.Studyhardandyou’llmakeprogress.复合句（名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句）•由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成，主句为主体，从句不能独立，只作句子的一个成分。定语从句•TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.•Themealthat/whichmymothercookedwasdelicious.名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句在句中做------宾语从句在句中做------表语从句在句中做------同位语从句在句中-----主语宾语表语同位语1.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2.Iknowthathewillcome.3.ThetruthisthatIhavebeenthere.4.Thefactthatshewaslatesurprisedus.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow从句引导词:1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.3.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.4.Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.5.Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.主语太长了!放到句尾That无词义,不可省略What“什么”,“所….的”2.Whatsurprisedmewastoseehimhere.When“什么时候”主语从句不用if位于句首主语从句的位置1.在句首2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用ItIt作主语的常用句型有:1.It+be+形容词+that从句2.It+be+名称词组(duty/pity..)+that从句3.It+be+过去分词(said/thought..)+that从句4.It+不及物动词(seem/happen..)+that从句a.It+be+形容词+that-从句Itisnecessarythat…有必要……Itisimportantthat…重要的是……Itisobviousthat…很明显……b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句Itisbelievedthat…人们相信……Itisknowntoallthat…从所周知……Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……c.It+be+名词+that-从句Itiscommonknowledgethat………是常识Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是……Itisafactthat…事实是……d.It+不及物动词+that-从句Itappearsthat…似乎……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……注意：用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下几组：1.真可惜我们不能去游泳.2.碰巧那天我外出了.3.他考试肯定会考好.4.据说他已告诉了她一切.注意:Itlookedthathewasright.(×)可以说:Itlooksasif….happen只有it句型Itissaid只有it句型Itisapitythatwecan’tgoswimming.Itissaidthathetoldhereverything.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itiscertainthathewilldowellintheexam.Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestofthepeople.Itmustbeintheinterestofthepeoplewhateverwedo名词性关系代词whatever/whoever/whichever/wherever/what引导的主语从句一般放在句首改错1.Itistruewhathesaid.Whathesaidistrue.放在句首表语从句从句同主语从句(11个),外加asif/引导词:asthough,1.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeentothecountryside.2.ThequestioniswhetherwcanfinishtheexperimentbyFriday.3.Itlooksasifitweregoingtorain.实际情况是他从未去过农村.that一般不省略问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验.表语从句不用if好象看上去要下雨似的.(其实不会)asif/asthough从句常表示不真实的情况Shetalksasif/asthoughshehadbeentherebefore.她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的.又比如:4.Thisschoolisnolongerwhatitwasbefore.这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了.what=thethingthat系动词后面注意下列表语从句中where,how,why的译法1.ThisiswhereLuXunoncelived.2.Thatwashowtheywonthematch.3.Thisiswhyshegotupsoearlythismorning.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.1.我们就是这样克服困难的.2.那就是他昨天缺席的原因.3.这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.Thisis/Thatwashowweovercamethedifficulties.Thatiswhyhewasabsentyesterday.ThisiswherewemetlastSunday.宾语从句从句(同主语从句),增加if,可与whether引导词:互换,但不与ornot连用1.Theypretended(that)theyknewhowtodoit.2.Shesaid(that)shecouldn’ttellmeandthatIcouldn’tunderstand.宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个that4.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.(if)if/whether表示“是否”可以互换,四种情况用whether:1.在介词后面2.与ornot连用3.在主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句中4后面跟不定式5.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.(if)6.Thequestioniswhetherhewillagree.(if)1.Idoubtif/whetherhewillpasstheexam.2.Idon’tdoubtthatwewillwinthematch.3.Doyoudoubtthathediditonhisown?doubt问题肯定句中用if/whether否定句中用that疑定句中用that1.Idoubt_________heistellingthetruth.2.Weneverdoubt_________theplanwillbecarriedout.3.Doeshedoubt_________youarefromAustria?4.I’mdoubtful_________hewillagreetothis.if/whetherthatthatif/whether宾语从句经常做介词的宾语1.TheSwedestoodstill,except_____hislipsmovedslightly.2.Sheisnotsatisfiedwith____shehasachieved.3.Maryalwaysthinksof____shecandomorefortheclass.4.Hewrotealetterofthanksto______helpedhim.5.Itdependsonifwehaveenoughtime.whetherwehaveenoughtime.介词后面不用ifthatwhathowwhoever6.Areyousorryforwhichyouhavedone?whatyouhavedone?介词后面不用which宾语从句经常作表语形容词的宾语1.I’mafraid(that)I’llbelate.2.Weweresurprisedthathelostthegame.此类表语形容词有:afraidpleasedhappysatisfiedanxioussuresurprisedcertaingladaware等that从句只跟在except,but,in,besides,四个介词后面1.1Wehavemadethataforeignlanguageisusefulweaponinthestruggleoflifeclear.(改用形式宾语it)英语有句尾重心的原则IconsiderthatweshouldlearnEnglishwellnecessary.Weconsiderhersuitableforthejob.句尾太轻宾语宾补considerfindthinkfeelmake等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语it,宾语从句放到宾补之后Wehavemadeitclearthataforeignlanguageisusefulweaponinthestruggleoflife.IconsideritnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwellit不能漏correction1.Theemperorwaspleasedbywhichtheministertoldhimaboutit.2.Areyousorryforthatyouhaveannoyedhim?3.Ifindthatthisshouldbekeptsecretforthetimebeingnecessary.4.Canyoudoubtifshewillsucceed?5.Iworriedaboutifmybrotherwillreturnintime.6.Shesaidthatshehasnevertoldalie.7.WouldyoutellmewhenheleavesforParis?8.OurfootballteamwonthematchlastSundayexcitedallofus.9.Itlookedthathewaswellpreparedfortheunexpectedchallenge.10.Thathesaidmovedeveryonepresent.whatitnecessarythatthisshouldbekeptsecretforthetimebeingthatshewillsucceed?whethermybrotherwillreturnintime.hadwillleaveforParis?ThatourfootballteamwonthematchlastSundayexcitedallofusWhatItseemedwhich不做介词宾语句尾重心从句缺少引导词that不做句子成分没有Itloo