塑料食品包装材料安全性研究现状-秦蓓

　　33　　　:2011-07-11:(50573046);(2010K17-04-01):(1966-),,,,,。塑料食品包装材料安全性研究现状秦蓓(,710021):介绍了塑料食品包装材料中的污染物种类、污染物的分析方法以及污染物迁移到食品中的迁移模型。指出塑料包装带来的食品污染问题已经引起了世界各国的重视,各个国家纷纷制定了相应的法规以确保食品安全,最后指出了我国安全型塑料食品包装材料的研究方向。:塑料食品包装材料;污染物;迁移;安全法规:TB484.3;TS206　:A　:1001-3563(2011)19-0033-05ProgressofPlasticFoodPackagingSafetyResearchQINBei(Xi'anMedicalUniversity,Xi'an710021,China)Abstract:Thecontaminationsinplasticmaterialsforfoodpackaging,theanalysismethodsforcontaminations,andthemigrationmodelsofcontaminationsintofoodswereintroduced.Itwasconcludedthatfoodpollutionproblemscausedbyplasticfoodpackaginghavealreadyattractedattentionaroundtheworld;legislationsandsafetyregulationshavebeenestablishedtoensurefoodsafetyineachcountry.Theresearchdirectionsofsafeplasticfoodpackaginginourcountrywereputforward.Keywords:plasticfoodpackagingmaterial;contaminations;migration;safetyregulations　　“”[1],,。,,,1.195kg,13.44dm2,87%[1-2]。,,,,、,[3]。,、、,[4]。1　1.1　、,、、、、、、A(BPA)[5-10],,,,,1mg/kg[5]。,,[8]。OlivierVitrac[11]54731,1～35μg,12μg。　PACKAGINGENGINEERINGVol.32No.192011.1034　　　BPA,,BPA,,,[7]。1993,Krishnan[12]BPA,J.Sajiki[13]23,35%BPA,BPA0.014μg/kg。BPA,McNeal[14]BPA;Ving-gaard[15]BPA;KangandKondo[16]BPA;Brede[17]BPA[3]。BPA,,BPA,BPA0.05mg/kg;BPA2.5mg/kg;2011/8/EU,BPA,,BPA0.6mg/kg。,,,,,[18]。,PE,PA,PP、、、、,[19]。1.2　1)。,,,。,(PEAs),80%,,PEAs,PAEs,[20]。(2-)(DE-HA)PVC、、。DEHA,,、[21];(、、)[22],,4mg,24hDNA,[23],。2)。。,,,,TiO2,ZnO,Fe2O3、、、。,,(ESBO),,ESBO,,、ESBO2.7%[8]。2　,:(GC)、-(GC-MS)、(HPLC)、-(HPLC-MS)(HSGC)。GC,,。Biedermann[24]ESBO,GC-FID;[25]-,5PEAs(、、、(2-))。GC,,,。GC-MS,GC。Cherstniakova[26]GC-MS-;LichlyT[27]GC-MS,;[28]　　35　　　,GC-MS,,24GC-MS。HPLC,,,PET。[29],HPLC7(2,6-、2,4-、、1,5-、4,4′-、4,4′-3,3′-)。[30]HPLC,(、、)PAEs。HPLC-MS,。RichterTina[31]HPLC-MSGC-MS2,HPLC-MS。HSGC,,,,,,[32]。[33]HSGC(、、、、、、、),11,,74%～78%,86%～95%,0.002mg/m2。3　　　3:※※。1):,,,,Fick。2):-()。,;,,。3):。,。,,:,,、。:Crank[34]《》,(FickFick)。Limm[35],,,Fick,。,,,。ChungPapadakis[36]Fick2,2:;。2,[37]。():Crank,BegleyHollified[38],Fick,Begley-Hollified,,。(,):Laou-biVergnaud,,,,[39]。[40-41],Matlab　PACKAGINGENGINEERINGVol.32No.192011.1036　　　(、、),Matlab,Migrasoft2006。4　,,。4.1　2050,FDA《、》,。,,,FDA[42-43]。,,、、、、、、、。4.2　1972,,,。、、、4,84/500/EEC,93/10/EEC,2002/72/EEC,ECNo.372/2007。2002/72/EC:10mg/dm2;0.5～10L,,、,60mg/kg;,0.01mg/kg;、,0.05mg/kg。-、、、BPA,78/142/EEC,ECNo.1895/2005,93/11/EEC,2011/8/EU4[43]。4.3　《》,、。,GB9685-2003《、》,65,。,2008GB9685-2008《、》,GB9685-2003,,38580,。《》,《》,、、、、,;,,:GB10457-2009《》、GB18006.1-2009《》、GB9685-2008《,》、GB9690-2009《,-》、GBT23887-2009《》[43-44]。5　,,,。、、、,,。、、,“”,,、、,,。:[1]　PIRINGEROG,BANERAL.-　　37　　　、、[M].,,.:,2004.[2]　DUFFYE,HEARTYAP.EstimationofExposuretoFoodPackagingMaterial.3:DevelopmentofConsump-tionFactorsandFood-typeDistributionFactorsfromDataCollectedonIrishChildren[J].FoodAdditivesandContaminations,2007,21(1):63-74.[3]　,,.[J].,2009,30(8):86-90.[4]　,,,.[J].,2005(9):1145-1146.[5]　,,.[J].,2007,35(5):46-50.[6]　,.PS、GC/MS[J].,2004,21(6):15-19.[7]　,,.A[J].,2004,24(5):383-386.[8]　,,,.[J].,2006,22(2):3-6.[9]　,,,.[J].,1999,12(2):85-86.[10].[D].:,2004.[11]VITRACO,LEBLANCJC.ConsumerExposuretoSub-stancesinPlasticPackagingⅠ.AssessmentoftheCon-tributionofStyrenefromYogurtPots[J].FoodAddi-tivesandContaminations,2007,24(2):194-215.[12]KRISHNANAV,STASHISP,PERMUTHSF.Bis-phenol-A:anEstrogenicSubstanceisReleasedfromPolycarbonateFlasksDuringAutoclaving[J].Endocri-nology,1993,132(6):2279-2286.[13]SAJIKIJF,MIYAMOTO.BisphenolA(BPA)andItsSourceinFoodsinJapaneseMarkets[J].FoodAdditivesandContaminations,2007,24(1):103-112.[14]MCNEALTP,BILESJE.DeterminationofSuspectedEndocrineDisruptorsinFoodsandFoodPackaging[J].ACSSymposiumSeries,2000(747):33-52.[15]VINGGAARDAM,KORNERW.IdentificationandQuantificationofEstrogenicCompoundsinRecycledandVirginPaperforHouseholdUseasDeterminedbyaninVitroYeastEstrogenScreenandChemicalAnalysis[J].ChemicalResearchinToxicology,2000(13):1214-1222.[16]KANGJH,KONDOF.BisphenolaMigrationfromCansContainingCoffeeandCaffeine[J].FoodAdditivesandContaminations,2002(19):886-890.[17]BREDEC,FJELDELP.IncreasedMigrationLevelsofBisphenolafromPolycarbonateBabyBottlesafterDish-washing,BoilingandBrushing[J].FoodAdditivesandContaminations,2003,20(1):684-689.[18].[J].,1998,22(4):41.[19],.HS-GC/MS[J].,2009,30(6):30-31.[20],,.[J].,2010,31(5):325-327.[21].PVCDEHA[J].,2008,31(9):4-6.[22]FERNANDESAR,ROSEM,CHARLTONC.4-Nonyl-phenol(np)inFood-contactMaterials:AnalyticalMeth-odologyandOccurrence[J].FoodAdditivesandContam-inations,2008,25(3):364-372.[23],.[J].,1998(8):21-23.[24]BIEDERMANNBREMS,BIEDERMANNM,FIAE-LIERK.CompositionGC-FIDAnalysisoftheAdditivestoPVC,FocusingontheGasketsofLidsforGlassJars[J].FoodAdditivesandContaminations,2005,22(12):274-284.[25],,,.[J].,2006,27(7):195-198.[26]SHIWen-jian,ZHANGQi,XIEJian-hua,etal.HighlyEnantioselectiveHydrovinylationofα-AlkylVinylare-nes.AnApproachtotheConstructionofAll-CarbonQuaternaryStereocenters[J].JAmChemSoc,2006,128(9):2780-2781.[27]LEHRKM,WELSHGDC,BELLCD,etal.Thevapour-phaseMigrationofStyrenefromGeneralPurposePolystyeneandHighImpactPolystyeneintoCooking[J].FoodChemicalToxicology,199