基于UG与ANSYS的大学生节能车(HLJIT-3A型)结构优化设计

摘要汽车工业随着国民经济发展和交通运输体系的全面建立得到了飞速发展。汽车车架作为汽车总成的一部分，承受着来自道路和装载的各种复杂载荷作用，并且汽车上许多重要总成件都是以车架为载体，因而车架的强度和刚度在汽车总体设计中起到非常重要的作用，节能车架的轻量化设计有助于对节能车节能提高性能。本设计利用UG软件三维建模，有限元分析软件ANSYS对节能车车架进行绘制建模和分析研究。分别讨论该车架静态时在纯弯曲工况和扭转工况下的静强度分析，进行静态时的刚度分析；分析车架在弯曲工况、扭转工况、搓板路工况和紧急转弯情况下的静态动强度分析。预期分析，该车架的应力值小于材料的强度极限，是否满足设计的要求，是否强度偏大，比较经济性。本文还进行了车架的动态分析，主要是模态分析，它是结构动态设计的核心，克服了静态方法的局限性，强调从结构的整体考虑问题。通过对车架进行模态分析，设计中提出几种方案对车架进行了轻量化设计，优化的结果使得车架自身重量减少，节约原材料，降低生产的成本，提高汽车的燃油经济性，并且有利于环保。关键词：节能车车架；有限元；静力学分析；模态分析；轻量化设计AbstractWiththenationaleconomyandautomobiletransportationsystemhasbeentherapiddevelopmentoffullyestablished.Automobileframeassemblyaspartofavehicletowithstandtheloadfromtheroadandthevariouscomplexloads,andthecarsarebasedonmanyimportantpiecesoftheframeassemblyasthecarrier,whichframetheoverallstrengthandstiffnessinthecarDesigntoaveryimportantroletoplay,savinglightweightframedesignhelpsimproveperformanceofenergysavingvehicles.Thethree-dimensionalmodelingsoftwaredesignedbyUG,ANSYSfiniteelementanalysissoftwaretodrawontheenergy-savingvehicleframemodelingandanalysis.Discussionoftheframe,respectively,inpurebendingstaticconditionsandtoreversetheconditionofthestaticstrengthanalysisofthestaticstiffnessanalysis;analysisofframeconditionsinbending,torsioncondition,washboardroadconditionsandemergencysituationsturnstaticdynamicstrengthanalysis.Theresultsshowthatthestressoftheframeislessthantheultimatestrengthofthematerialtomeetthedesignrequirements,buttheintensityistoolarge,sotherelativelypooreconomy.Thisframealsocarriedoutadynamicanalysis,modalanalysisaremainly,itisthecoreofthestructuredynamicdesignovercomesthelimitationsofstaticmethods,emphasizingthewholetoconsidertheissuefromthestructure.Bymodalanalysisframe,thedesignofseveraloptionsputforwardwerealightweightframedesignandoptimizationoftheresultthattheweightreductionoftheframeitself,savingrawmaterials,lowerproductioncostsandimprovevehiclefueleconomy,andconducivetoenvironmentalprotection.Keywords：Energysavingvehicles；Finiteelement；Staticanalysis；Mmodalanalysis；Lightweightdesign目录摘要............................................................................................................................................IAbstract................................................................................................................................II第1章绪论......................................................................................................................11.1选题的背景、研究目的及意义..................................................................................11.2节能车国内外研究现状.............................................................................................11.2.1节能车发展历程...............................................................................................11.2.2节能车国内外研究状况及结果.......................................................................21.3研究内容及研究方法..................................................................................................51.3.1研究内容...........................................................................................................51.3.2研究方法...........................................................................................................5第2章节能车车架整体结构方案选定.......................................................................72.1节能车的工作原理与设计理念.................................................................................72.1.1节能减排...........................................................................................................72.1.3人人参与...........................................................................................................72.2节能车的主要结构方案确定.....................................................................................82.2.1节能车车架设计要求.......................................................................................92.2.2节能车的整体结构形式及基本组成............................................................112.2.3节能车的各零部件之间的连接关系............................................................132.2.4节能车架制作工艺分析.................................................................................172.3节能车车架的结构尺寸...........................................................................................192.3.1节能车整体结构............................................................................................192.3.2节能车车架各部位的定位............................................................................202.4本章小结....................................................................................................................21第3章节能车车架建模设计........................................................................................223.1基于UG软件三维建模.............................................................................................223.1.1UG软件简介...................................................................................................223.1.2节能车架三维建模...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1.3零配件三维建模...............................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1.4轻量化分析.............