黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验科学目标与试验方案3

23920089ADVANCESINEARTHSCIENCEVol.23No.9Sep.,2008:100128166(2008)0920897218:31,1,1,2,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1(1.,730000;2.,100101):,,;,,,,,;,,,,5,4;5,CCD;/:;;;;:TP79:A1,,;,[1],,,,3:2008208210;:2008208221.3:()(:KZCX22XB2209);(:2007CB714400).:(19692),,,,GIS.E2mail:[e-mail],,[2,3],,,(HA2PEX)[4](HEIFE)[5,6](IMGRASS)[7,8](NWC2ALIEX)[9],,,,(CliC),(CLPX)[10]CLPX,,,,,,/,,,,,,,,,,[11],,,,,,,,,[12]:??,[13]?[14]?,,,,,,,,,,,,6,[15,16],,,,,,,,2007[17]2:(1)?89823(2),,?(3),?:,;,:(1),,,,(2),,,(3)/,,;,(4)33,,,3.1;;,,,,,,3.2;,,;,/3.3;;;,,,3.4(),/,,1km1,,9989::,44.1,5,,,,,;,,,,15,4.2,12.87km2,972410210E,37414242N,,4,,1Table1Hydrologicalandotherlandsurfacevariables250m10min80%Lysimeter/5100m80%N/AN/A,GRACETDR10500m2/0.06m3/m3TDRN/ALysimeterN/A5100m2/12K5100m2/24K()N/A10100m5cmN/A530m80%10100m2/12KN/A10100m70%LysimeterN/ALysimeterN/A/530m70%/N/AN/A/530m70%530m70%/5100m80%/5100m90%5100m90%:;,;;009232Table2Forcingvariables250m10min80%N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A/10100m2/90%/10100m2/90%/10100m2/90%/10100m2/90%10100m2/90%:3Table3Vegetationparameters/5100m85%HemiView15m20cmHemiView15m20cm/530m85%LAI22000/530m80%N/AN/AN/AN/A()5100m90%()5100m90%()5100m90%()5100m90%5100m80%LAI22000TRACLI23100/5100m80%LAI22000TRACLI231005100m80%SPAD2502/5100m80%LI26400N/A4Table4Soilparameters()530m165%N/A()5100m85%()5100m85%()530m180%N/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AN/A10100m80%N/A1099::5Table5Aerodynamicparameters+/530m1/10cm+N/A+/530m1/10cm,:,:,3,(1):,,:,,4.2.1,2452km2;,,,,,,4.2.2(2):(1):30.28km2,34504400m,3920m,3.59km,0.5m,0.81.0m,3400m,(2):,3000m,,(3):,2800m,,(3)(1),70km2,(2)26003800m,2.73km2,0.7435.5mm,,26(4),:(1):,(2):8km,,,,(3):(4):,20923()(973)3099::40923(5):,,(6):,,4.34(1):2007711031,,,,,,,,(2):2007(710),(1012),,,,,,,(3):2008(34),(57),(4):2008720091231,,2,,4.44.4.115,,[1821],3,(1):4.2.2,,,,,(2):,,33121230m,,TMEnviSatASAR,,5m,;,,2km2km,,MODIS,,(5),,,,12.5km,,50100m(3):,,/18m,5m,5m,/,;,,,5m,[22];,,,,5099::5Fig.5Generalschemeofthesamplingstrategy,,[23];,,,()[21];,,[24],[22],/,:,,,,,/,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,609234.4.2,37,4,25,2,834,(6)23700km2,()(4)(),6,64.4.3,,;6(,2;3;4;6)Fig.6Networkofthemeteorologicalstationsandfluxobservations7099::(973)6Table6Superstationsandsuperstationswithfluxtower110027E3803N3033m:(2m&10m);;:(10cm20cm40cm80cm120cm160cm)(5cm15cm);;210013E3804N3407m:(2m&10m);;:(5cm10cm,20cm40cm80cm120cm)(5cm15cm)()310014E3801N4101m:(2m&10m);;;:(5cm10cm,20cm40cm80cm120cm)(5cm15cm)49933E3828N3320m:(1.5m&2.5m);;(3.5m);:(20cm40cm60cm80cm120cm160cm)(5cm)510015E3832N2835m:(2m&10m&24m);;;(19.75m&1.68m);;:(5cm10cm,20cm40cm80cm120cm)(5cm15cm);;(3);;;610018E3833N2817m:(2m&10m);;:(5cm10cm,20cm40cm80cm120cm)(5cm15cm)()710017E3834N2731m:(1.5m&3m)(2.2m&3.7m);;(2.8m&3.5m);:(20cm40cm60cm80cm120cm160cm)(10cm20cm40cm60cm120cm160cm)(5cm,3);(4)810019E3846N1726m:(2m&10m);;;:(5cm10cm20cm40cm80cm160cm)(5cm10cm)910025E3851N1519m:(3m&10m);;:(10cm20cm40cm80cm120cm160cm)(5cm15cm);()1010017E3905N1456m:(2m4m10m20m30m);;;;:(5cm10cm15cm20cm40cm)(10cm20cm50cm100cm180cm)(3);1110004E3915N1394m:(2m&10m);;;:(5cm10cm20cm40cm)(10cm)(5cm);;1210008E3921N1382m:(1.5m&3m)(2.2m&3.7m);;(2.8m&3.5m);:(20cm40cm60cm80cm120cm160cm)(10cm20cm40cm60cm120cm160cm)(5cm,3);:(973);(10008E,3920N,1378m)80923,,,;(100.45E,38.06N,3001m),;(100.66E,38.73N,1668m),,,,,,33,29RG32M,100200m,(7),,,36,7Fig.7Precipitationandotherhydrologicalobservations9099::,6,,,4.54.5.1,5,CCD(7)7Table7Airborneremotesensinginstruments(1500m)L1.413GHz;25MHz;15;35;120600mK18.7GHz;400MHz;12;100400mKa36.0GHz;400MHz;1.5;;,1239m:LiteMapper5600;:100KHz;:0.02m;:1ns;:0.5mrad;:22.5;:2006000m:4/m2DEMIGIPHI2II:400850nm;:124;:652;:1.8nm;:5nm;:0.7mrad(),1.2mrad();:241.05mOMIS2II:0.461.1mm60,1.551.75mm,2.082.35mm,3.05.0mm,8.012.5mm,1;:512;:3mrad;:734.5mSWPHI:10002500nm;:256/128;:320;:6.25nm;:10nm;:1.3mrad(),1.0mrad();:241.95mCCD4550650700nm(40nm);13001038;60;5,29200,20291.2m812mm;320240;80;7,4030200,2030407.86m:350m;800m4.5.268,,37(8),84.6,,/(9)5,,019238()Fig.8Flightregionsforairborneremotesensing8Table8Flightregionsandmainobservationitemsofairbornemissions11322km/CCD2928km/31529km/CCD41312kmDEM/51812km/61010km/CCD7812km/CCD1199::9Table9Satelliteremotesensingdatatobeacquired(15m)IKONOS,PRISM,ProbaHRC,QuickBird,SPOT5HRG(10120m)ALI,ASTER,AVNIR22,CBERS202BCCD,TM/CBERS202BWFI,MERIS,MODIS/MISRCHRIS,HyperionAATSRASAR,PALSAR,RADA2RSAT22,TerraSAR2XAMSR2EICESatGLASS:AATSR:AdvancedAlong2TrackScanningRadiometer,ALI:AdvancedLandImager,AMSR2E:AdvancedMicrowaveScanningRadiometerEnhancedforEOS,ASAR:AdvancedSyntheticApertureRadar,ASTER:AdvancedSpaceborneThermalEmissionandReflectionRadiometer,AVNIR22:AdvancedVisibleandNearInfraredRadiometertype2,2CBERS202BCCD:China-BrazilEarthResourcesSatellite02BCCD,02BCCDCBERS202BWFI:China2BrazilEarthResourcesSatellite02BWideFieldImager,02BCHRIS:CompactHighResolutionImagingSpectrometer,GLAS:theGeoscienceLaserAltimeterSystem,Hyperion:-1ICESat:Ice,Cloud,andlandElevationSatellite,IKONOS:IKONOS,MERIS:MEdiumResolutionImagingSpectrometer,MISR:Multi2angleImagingSpectroRadiometer,MODIS:ModerateResolutionImagingSpectroradiometer,PALSAR:PhasedArraytypeL-bandSyntheticAp