高一英语必修一定语从句

过程A.确立目标，设置情境GrammarB.呈现引导材料（先行组织者）定语名词从句形容词数词C.讲授学习材料Complexsentence复合句：连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。复合句=主句定语从句+一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（定语）Thestudents(whodonotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主语从句主语从句谓语结构主句谓语结构Attributiveclause(定语从句）:在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。定语从句还叫做嵌入句，因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的引导词关系代词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)关系副词where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.先行词定语从句Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.Heisalittleboy.Heiseating.Heisalittleboywhoiseating.who,whom指人，在从句中分别作主语和宾语(口语中who也可作宾语)。Declanisafamoussinger.Hesingsthesongtellmewhy.Declanisafamoussingerwhosingsthesongtellmewhy.Whom指人,在从句中作宾语，可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whom)wesawattheBeijingHotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom)IcalledjustnowisfromAmerica.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.Which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaperwhichcarriestheimportantnews.whose在从句中作定语，指人或物。1)Missfloweristheteacher.Herhousecaughtfirelastweek.MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)Thisistheboy.Hiscompositiontheteachertalkedof.Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.3)Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.(主语)(宾语)(主语)(宾语)1)Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.2)Thenoodlesweredelicious.Icookedthenoodles.that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(1)先行词为everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时。NoteⅠThisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。NoteⅡThebossisaverykindperson.Myfatherworkedinhiscompany.先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?NoteⅢ1.当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathehadvisited.2.当关系代词在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Shenzhenisnolongerthetownthatitusedtobe.NoteⅣD.检查理解程度并强化思考技能1.Thefamousbasketballstar,____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoKey解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星)是人，所以应用表示人的关联词who。真题解析D2.(2006北京)Women___drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose___don’t.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/解析:本题考查两个定语从句,这两个定语从句都缺少主语,在定语从句中,如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,关系代词不能省略,故答案选C。C3.(2006福建)Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse___roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that解析:whose在定语从句中做roof的定语，用于修饰house。A3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople__________losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/whichthat/whowhich/that4.Harryistheboy______motherisourmathsteacher.5.Lookatthatlady______nameisRose.6.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.7.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.8.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.whosewhosewhich/thatwhothat