高级英语写作技巧

应用文—信件、便条的套路•称呼•第一段：写信的目的•第二段：信件的具体内容•第三段：表示希望、愿望•落款、署名2020/7/14DearSirorMadam，Iwishtoapplyforadmissiontoyourdepartmentasagraduatestudent.Iamwritingtoaskwhetheritwillbepossibleforyoutograntmeafullscholarship,consideringmyacademicrecordandthefactthatIhavenorelativesorfriendsinAmericawhocanactasmysponsor.Icompletedafour-yearcourseinchemistryatBeijingUniversitylastJune.Duringmyfouryearsintheuniversity,Ihavepassedalltherequiredcoursesofstudywithsatisfactorymarks.WithChemistryasmymajor,IminoredinPhysicsandMathematics.Enclosedherewithismytranscriptfromthedepartmentconcerned.MyEnglishisverygood.IhavebeenlearningEnglishsinceearlychildhoodwiththehelpofmyfatherwhoisaprofessorofEnglishinFudanUniversity,Shanghai.IthereforebelievethatIwillnothavelanguagedifficultieswhilestudyingintheUnitedStates.Ishouldbemostgratefulifyouwouldgivemyrequestfavorableconsideration.Thankyouverymuchandlookforwardtoyourreply.Sincerelyyours,WuLi2.结尾部分如果说引言部分是从笼统到具体,把读者逐渐引入话题的话,那么结尾则是从具体到笼统,结束讨论。因此它的结构像一个正梯形：和正文结构正好相反，承接正文的具体讨论，在结尾部分先尽可能把讨论的东西归纳一下，然后逐渐离开主题。如：1)WecanblametheisolationoftheoldinAmericanontheyoungpeople.Theseoldpeoplemayactlikeit’snotimportant,butinthedeeppartoftheirheartstheymustfeellonely.Theyneedtheirchildrentostaywith,totalkwith,andtotakecareofthem.Whydon’tyoungAmericanstakeacloselookattheircustomandadopttheAsiancustom?2)Asatraditionalteachingmethod,lectureswillneverdisappearfromthecollegescene.Buttheyshouldbeusedselectively,forexample,whenideasarenewandcan’tbefoundinbooks,theywillbewelcome.Andalsodiscussionshouldbeintroducedintolectureclassestotriggerafruitfullineofthought.提出建议3)Scienceandcommonsenseofferwaystominimizetheriskofdevastatingclimatechange.WecanslowdownthebuildingofCO2inouratmospherebyincreasingenergyconservation;byprotectingtropicalforests;bydesigningautomobilesthatburnlessgas;byturningtorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,hydro,wind,andpossiblynuclearpower.Fortunately,wehavethetoolsforpreventingdisaster.Itonlyremainsforustousethem.提出建议，预示未来4)Likeeverytechnology,theinternethasbothmeritsanddemerits.Butonthewholeithasbroughtmorebenefitsthanharm.Ithasopenedanewdimensionincommunicationandrevolutionizedthewaypeoplethinkandlive.Itsprofoundeffectonhumanscanhardlybeimagined.重提中心思想句，进一步表明对因特网的看法好的结尾有什么作用呢？画龙点睛：归纳，总结，概括全文的主旨内容A)Somepersonsaythatlovemakestheworldgoround.Othersofalessromanticandmorepracticalturnofmindsaythatitisn’tlove;itismoney.Butthetruthisthatitisenergythatmakestheworldgoround.Energyisthecurrencyoftheecologicalsystemandlifebecomespossibleonlywhenfoodisconvertedintoenergy,whichinturnisusedtoseekmorefoodtogrow,toreproduceandtosurvive.Onthiscyclealllifedepends.B)Yes,life---anddeath,too---isacyclethatgoesroundandround,andwhenanimalsdietheirbodiesbecomefoodforotherlifeformstousebyconvertingthemintoenergy.Andthecyclecontinues.A)itisanundeniablefactthattheadvanceofscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtgreatbenefitstopeople.ButwhenI’menjoyingtheconvenienceandcomfortoftelephonescomputersandmicrowaves,Imissverymuchourtraditionalculturewhoselossistoohighapricetopay.B)Iwelcomethedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Iwelcomenewinnovationsandmachines.ButIhatethefactthatmanismoreandmoredependentonthemtoapointwherewehavebecometheirslaves.Itreasuretraditionalculture,foritembodiestheverycustomsandvaluesthatsustainourfriendship,familyandspirituallife.A)Incollegesanduniversities,therearetwootherwaystogainknowledgeapartfromregularclasses.Oneistopursueindividualstudiesandtheotheristoattendlectures.WhileIattachimportancetoself-studies,Iwon’tgiveupanyopportunitytoattendagoodlecture.B)Weneedbothindividualstudiesandattendinglectures.Theformerhelpssharpenourawareness,andthelattercontributestobroadeningourminds.Thesecretsofacademicsuccesslieinthecombinationofboth.正文部分怎样写好正文部分？一致性发展性连贯性一致性（Unity）文章中所有的内容都要围绕着文章的中心思想。TurningFailureintoSuccessToomuchemphasisonsuccessisnotagoodthing.(thesisinintroduction)P2.Certainkindsofsuccesscanindeedbedestructive.thedangeroftoosuccessIparticularlyacute.Irecallfrommychildhoodagirlwhoseskilloniceskatesmarkedheras“Olympicmaterial”whiletherestofuswereplaying,bicycling,readingandjustloafing,thisgirlskated–everydayafterschoolandallweekend.Yearslater,however,shespokebitterlyofthoseearlytriumphs.“ineverpreparedmyselfforanythingbuttheice,shesaid,“Ipeakedat17—andit’sbeendownhilleversince.”P3.Successthatcomestooeasilyisalsodamaging.Thechildwhowinsaprizeforacarelessly-writtenessay,theadultwhodistinguisheshimselfatafirstjobbyluckyaccidentfacesprobedisappointmentwhenrealchallengesarise.P4.Successsisalsobadwhenit’sachievedatthecostofthetotalqualityofanexperience.Successfulstudentssometimesbecomesoobsessedwithgradesthattheyneverenjoytheirschoolyears.Theyneverbranchoutintotemptingnewareas,becausetheydon’twanttorisktheirgrade-pointaverage.主题句支持句1支持句2支持句3发展性（development）发展性就是要充分发展段落的主题思想。通过不同的角度，用详尽的事实例证来说明。例1Formanypeople,absenceofworkisharmfultotheirhealth.Obviouslyifyouhavenothingtodo,yourhealthwillbeaffected.Workisonewatokeepyouhealthy.Ifyoudon’twork,itwilldoharmtoyourhealth.Justimagine,youstayatallday,doingn