2膨润土在环境污染治理方面的研究进展张颖心

张颖心,张天胜(天津科技大学,天津300222)[](),,,[];;;;[]TQ424.21;X505[]A[]1005-829X(2002)10-0009-04ContaminatedenvironmentremediationwithbentoniteZHANGYingxin,ZHANGTiansheng(TianjinUniversityofScience&Technology,Tianjin300222,China)Abstract:Astudyontheremediationofcontaminatedenvironmentbyusingbentonitebothathomeandabroadisreviewed.Havingexcellentadsorptiveproperties,naturalbentoniteandmodifiedbentonite(suchasactivatedbentonite,organobentonite,crosslinkedbentoniteandorganiccrosslinkedbentonite)havebeenwidelyusedinenvironmentalcontrol.Bentoniteisaneffectiveadsorbentfortheremovaloforganiccontaminatesandheavymetalsfromwastewater.Researcheshavebeenconductedontheremediationofpollutedsoilsandundergroundwater.Besides,theoreticalstudiesofbentoniteusedforradioactivewastetreatmenthavebeenanactivesubjectinrecentyears.Keywords:bentonite;modifiedbentonite;contaminatedenvironmentremediation;remediationofpollutedsoilsandundergroundwater;radioactivewastetreatment,,()()Fe3+Fe2+Zn2+Mn2+Li+,,(0.80~1.20mmolg),,,,1(,),,:1.1活化膨润土,,K+Na+Ca2+,,,4A1.2有机膨润土,,-(),-12,YunHweiShen3,,1.3交联膨润土,92002年10月第22卷第10期IndustrialWaterTreatmentOct.,2002Vol.22No.10,,(Al3+Fe3+Ni2+)Mandalia4Fe(Al+Fe),5.2~7.6nm,246m2g1.4有机交联膨润土,,5;S.Akyz62-,22.1废水处理7,,(1)Banat8,,pH9,55.6mgg10,:5~6gL,COD71%111500mgL0.50~1.0gL,90%12,,,FreundlichO.R.Pal13,,91.5%73.25%14,:1);2)(CEC),,CEC,;3)CEC-15,;,25,,95%,16,pH4.5,60min,COD549.3mgg(2)Naseem17,Pb(),98%Anoop18200m2g,pH4.5~6.9Cd()Cu(),23.81mgg13.15mgg19,pH,20Cr6+30min,pH2.5~3.5,12gL,100%21pH7.3,100%22,,()23CODNa2SO4Al2(SO4)3pH5.52.2土壤和地下水污染的防止及修复,,,,-,,,,2070,,,:10专论与综述2002-10,22(10),,,,,,2.3放射性废物的处理与处置,,,;,,200,Tachi24Ra102~104mLgRapH,Boult25,pH5~8,U()pH,,pH5,,I-,(I-)(Cs+),I-TcO-4Cs+Sr2+,I-TcO-4,Cs+Sr2+;262.4其他应用(1)(STPP),NaASTPP(2)(),(3),,,3,,,,,[][1],.[J].,2001,20(1):1921.[2],.[J].,1999,19(4):325329.[3]ShenYunHwei.Preparationoforganobentoniteusingnonionicsurfactants[J].Chemosphere,2001,44(10):989995.[4]MandaliaT,CrespinM,MessadD,etal.LargeinterlayerrepeatsdistancesobservedformontmorillonitestreatedbymixedAl-FeandFepillaringsolutions[J].Chem.Commun.,1998,14(5):21112112.[5],.-[J].,1999,28(1):5869.[6]AkyzS,AkyzT,DaviesJED.FT-IRandFT-Ramanspectroscopicinvestigationsofadsorptionof2-aminopyridineonnaturalandionchangedbentonite[J].JournalofMolecularStructure,1999,482(9):4952.[7].[M].:,2001:5558.[8]BanatFA,AlBashirB,AlAshehS,etal.Adsorptionofphenolbybentonite[J].EnvironmentalPollution,2000,107(6):391398.[9],.()[J].,2000,22(2):3335.[10],.[J].,1998,14(4):79.[11],.[J].,1998,20(6):1114.[12]DavidChristianRodrguezSarmiento,JorgeAlejoPinznBelloAdsorptionofsodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonateonorganphilicbentonites[J].AppliedClayScience,2001,18(6):173181.[13]PalOR,VanjaraAK.Removalofmalathionandbutachlorfromaqueoussolutionbyclaysandorganoclays[J].SeparationandPurificationTechnology,2001,24(11):167172.[14],.CTMAB-[J].,1998,18(5):450454.[15],.-[J].,2000,21(4):4246.[16],.[J].112002-10,22(10)膨润土在环境污染治理方面的研究进展-王方(清华大学热能工程系,北京100084)[]-(RO-EDI)RO-EDIEDI()RO-EDI,EDI[];;[]P747;TM621.8[]A[]1005-829X(2002)10-0012-04ReverseosmosisandelectrodeionizationdesalinationsystemWANGFang(DepartmentofThermalEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Thespecialityandapplicationofthereverseosmosisandelectrodeionization(RO-EDI)desalinationsystemareintroduced.TheRO-EDIdesalinationsystemhassomeadvantages:thequalityoftheproducedwaterishigh;thesystemrunscontinuouslyandautomaticallywithoutanybodyonduty;itiseasytobeused;theenvironmentcannotbepollutedfornotusingacidandalkali;theequipmentandcorrespondingworkshoparesmall;andtherunningexpansesarecheapetc.Someproblemsaboutthematerials(ionexchangmembraneandionexchanger)usedinthehomemadeequipmentEDI,andtheirstuffingandstuffingmodearestatedemphatically.Keywords:electrodeionization;reverseosmosis;desalinationsystem20,,-(RO-EDI),,1图1水脱盐系统发展情况,1999,30(4):1315.[17]NaseemR,TahirSS.RemovalofPb()fromaqueousacidicsolutionsbyusingbentonitesasanadsorbent[J].Wat.Res.,2001,35(16):39823986.[18]KapoorAnoop,etal.Useofimmobilizedbentoniteinremovalofheavymetalsfromwastewater[J].JournalofEnviromentalEngineering,1998,124(10):10201024.[19],.[J].,1998,20(3):1518.[20],.[J].,2000,23(3):1314.[21],.()[J].,1998,20(1):4346.[22],.[J].,1999,25(4):226229.[23],.DRPCOD[J].,1999,21(2):4955.[24]TachiY,ShibutaniT,SatoH,etal.Experimentalandmodelingstudiesonsorptionanddiffusionofradiuminbentonite[J].JournalofContaminantHydrology,2001,47(4):171186.[25]BoultKA,CowperMM,HeathTG,etal.TowardsanunderstandingofsorptionofU()andSe()onsodiumbentonite[J].JournalofContaminantHydrology,1998,35(3):141150.[26]RiebeB,BorsJ,DultzSt.Retardationcapacityoforganophilicbentoniteforanionicfissionproducts[J].JournalofContaminantHydrology,2001,47(4):255264.[](1978),2000:022-28176629,Email:[e-mail][]2002-06-20122002年10月第22卷第10期IndustrialWaterTreatmentOct.,2002Vol.22No.10