ANAMMOX流化床反应器性能的研究郑平

＊(59678024)ANAMMOX＊郑　平　冯孝善(,　　310029)　　M.S.M.Jetten　J.G.Kuenen()　,.,.,,,,;428.83464.91mg/(L·d),88.49%99.04%;ANAMMOX,SRT(100d),ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX.　;;;.,.,,-[1].,.,,[2];,,[3].,,[4],,;,()[1].,,(ANAMMOX,AnaerobicAmmoniaOxidation)[5,6]..,,,,.,.ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX.,.1　1.1　ANAMMOX1,,100cm,5cm,8cm,2.5L,2.25L,0.25L.(0.3—0.6mm,310mL),.,37℃.,ANAMMOX.,(95%)CO2(5%),.18419987　　　　　ACTASCIENTIAECIRCUMSTANTIAEVol.18,No.4July,1998DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.1998.04.0061　ANAMMOX1.　2.　3.4.5.　6.7.ANAMMOX　8.　9.10.　11.Fig.1　ANAMMOXfluidizedreactorANAMMOX(23L),1L(VS24.86g/L).,(mg/L):NH+4-N1120—1680(80—120mmol/L);COD5430—7514;TOC1647—1912;pH7.1—7.3.,(95%)CO2(5%),.,.720mL/h,50%.1.2　[7],;Griess-Romijn[8];N2N2O(ECD/TCD,Fisons);CODK2Cr2O7;pH;TOCBeckman915-B;(VS)60℃24h600℃1h;.2　2.1　ANAMMOX2002.2　ANAMMOXFig.2　AmmoniumremovalinANAMMOXreactor3,(0—64d),100mmol/LNaNO2,(HRT)4—5d,()22.26—68.68mmol/L,44.98mmol/L;1.18—31.05mmol/L,13.66mmol/L;21.28%—96.89%,69.02%.,.ANAMMOX,.,(65—125d),ANAMMOX,,NaNO225mmol/L,.80.7826.46mmol/L,65.77%.,,.ANAMMOX,(126—200d),(VS29.45g/L)100mLANAMMOX,、,ANAMMOX368　　　　　　　　　　18,.,、,,HRT4—5.3　Fig.3　Relationbetweeninfluentandeffluentammoniumconcentrationsandbetweeninfluentammoniumconcentrationandammoniumremoval21.142.48mmol/L,88.49%.3,、,.2.2　4,,.41.710.75mmol/L,97.74%.(11.43mmol/L0.24mmol/L),97.58%.17.140.14mmol/L,99.04%.(r2=0.320.16,5)..4　ANAMMOXFig.4　NitriteremovalinANAMMOXreactor5　Fig.5　Relationbetweeninfluentandeffuentnitriteconcentrationsandbetweeninfluentnitriteconcentrationandnitriteremoval2.3　6.3(NH+4-N)188.34、130.30428.83mg/(L·d),144.21、84.41379.96mg/(L·d).,,961.56703.08mg/(L·d).(r2=0.984,7).3163.37、93.67464.91mg/(L·d),3694　:ANAMMOX6　(AL)(AR)Fig.6　Volumetricloadingrateandvolumetricremovalrateduringoperation7　Fig.7　Relationbetweenvolumetricammoniumloadingrateandammoniumremovalrate159.68、91.40460.45mg/(L·d).,1125.001099.64mg/(L·d);,(r2=0.571).N2(88.45%)N2O(0.32%).426920mL/(L·d);(r2=0.870.90).2.4　,(HRT)(SRT).8,HRT,;HRT0.4,.,.ANAMMOX,SRTHRT.SRT,.,(9).SRT.9,ANAMMOXSRT100.8　(HRT)Fig.8　EffectofHRTonammoniumornitriteremoval9　(SRT)Fig.9　EffectofSRTonammoniumornitriteremoval370　　　　　　　　　　183　3.1　ANAMMOXANAMMOX.46.4513.39mmol/L,259.97mg/(L·d),76.13%;24.300.34mmol/L,235.47mg/(L·d),98.42%.,,,428.83379.96mg/(L·d),961.56703.08mg/(L·d),88.49%;464.91460.45mg/(L·d),1125.001099.64mg/(L·d),99.04%.Mulder(0.4kg/(m3·d)[5],Prakasam-[9],.3.2　ANAMMOXNitrosomonasNitrobacter,DO1mg/L2mg/L,pH7,[6],,,[10]:NH+4+NO-2※N2+2H2O　　ΔG0=-360kJ/mol(NH+4).,pH7.1—7.3,..,,,.(10—120mmol/L,3—78mmol/L),.3.3　HRTSRTHRTSRT,HRTSRT.HRT,;HRT0.4,.Sheintuch,HRT10—20h,()[11].ANAMMOX,HRT,SRT.SRT,.,.SRT100d,[11].,,,[12,13].ANAMMOX,ANAMMOX.1　MatejuV,JanochT.Biologicalwaterdenitrification—areview.EnzymeMicrobiolobTechnol,1992,14:170—1832　HelderW,deVriesRTP.Estuarinenitritemaximaandnitrifyingbacteria(Ems-Dollardestuary).NethJSeaRes,1983,17:1—183　ZumftWG.Thedenitrifyingprokaryotes.In:BalowsAetal.(Ed).2nded.TheProkaryotes.Berlin:Springer,1992:3714　:ANAMMOX554—5824　VanNielEWJ,KuenenJG.Amathematicaldescriptionofthebehaviourofmixedchemostatculturesofanautotrophicnitri-fierandaheterotrophicnitrifier/aerobicdenitrifier;acomparisonwithexperimentaldata.FEMSMicrobiolEcol,1993,102:99—1085　MulderA,VandeGraafAA.Anaerobicammoniumoxidationdiscoveredinadenitrifyingfluidizedbedreactor.FEMSMicro-biolEcol,1995,16:177—1846　VandeGraafAA,KuenenJG.Anaerobicoxidationofammoniumisabiologicallymediatedprocess.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1995,61:1246—12517　FawcettJK,ScottJE.Arapidandprecisemethodforthedeterminationofurea.JClinPathol,1960,13:156—1598　Griess-RomijnvanEck.Phyciologicalandchemicaltestsfordrinkingwater.NEN1056,IV-2.NetherlandsNormalisatie-In-stituut,Rijswijk,19669　Prakasom,TBS,LoehrRC.Microbialnitrificationanddenitrificationinconcentratedwastes.WatRes,1972,6:859—86910　BrodaE.Twokindsoflithotrophismissinginnature.ZAllgMikrobiol,1977,17:491—49311　SheintuchM,RebhunM.Substrateinhibitionandmultiplestatesinacontinuousnitrificationprocess.WatRes,199529:953—96312　AbeliovichA,andVonshakA.Anaaerobicmetabolismofnitrosomonaseuropaea.ArchMicrobiol,1992,158:267—27013　BockE,ZartD.Nitrogenlosscausedbydenitrifyingnitrosomonascellsusingammoniumorhydrogenaselectrondonorsandnitriteaselectronacceptor.ArchMicrobiol,1995,163:16—20STUDYONPERFORMANCEOFANAMMOXFLUIDIZEDBEDREACTORZhengPing,FengXiaoshan(ZhejiangAgriculturalUniversity,Hangzhou310029)M.S.M.Jetten,J.G.Kuenen(DelftUniversityofTechnology,theNetherlands)ABSTRACT　Denitrificationwithammoniumasdirectelectrondonorisanewbiologicalreactionwhichcanremoveammoniumandnitritesimultaneously.TheperformanceofANAMMOX(anaerobicammoni-umoxidation)fluidizedbedreactorfortreatementoftheanaerobiceffluentfromsludgedigestionwasstudied.Theresultsshowedthattheinhibitoryeffectofsubstratescouldbeavoidedandtheenergyforaerationandchemicalforneutralizationcouldbesaved.Theaverageammoniumandnitritevolumetricloadingrateswere428.83and464.91mg(N)/(L·d),withmaximaof961.56and1125.00mg(N)/(L·d),respectively.Theaverageremovalofammoniumandnitritewere88.49%and99.04%.BecauseofthelowyieldofANAMMOXbiomass,alongSRT(100